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Přírodní Vědy SAT - Fyzický Svět

Zde se naučíte některá anglická slova související s fyzickým světem, jako jsou "rozpustit", "demontovat", "zašpiněný" atd., která budete potřebovat k úspěšnému složení vašich SAT.

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SAT Vocabulary for Natural Sciences
to scrape
to scrape
[sloveso]

to remove a thin layer or small amount of something from a surface using a sharp or rough edge

škrábat, seškrabat

škrábat, seškrabat

Ex: While cooking, he was scraping the burnt residue off the bottom of the pot. 
to submerge
to submerge
[sloveso]

to plunge or immerse entirely beneath the surface of a liquid, typically water

ponořit, potopit

ponořit, potopit

Ex: The diver executed a somersault before submerging into the clear blue pool. 
to grind
to grind
[sloveso]

to crush something into small particles by rubbing or pressing it against a hard surface

mlít, drtit

mlít, drtit

Ex: She had to grind the coffee beans before brewing her morning coffee. 
to pulverize
to pulverize
[sloveso]

to crush or grind something into a fine powder or particles, often through mechanical means or forceful impact

rozmělnit, drtit

rozmělnit, drtit

Ex: The machine was able to pulverize rocks into gravel for construction purposes. 
to dampen
to dampen
[sloveso]

to make something slightly wet or moist

navlhčit, lehce smočit

navlhčit, lehce smočit

Ex: She dampened the cloth before wiping the surface. 
to drench
to drench
[sloveso]

to completely cover something with liquid by pouring it onto it

promočit, namočit

promočit, namočit

Ex: The sudden rainstorm drenched us as we hurried home. 
to nourish
to nourish
[sloveso]

to give someone or something food and other things which are needed in order to grow, live, and maintain health

vyživovat, krmit

vyživovat, krmit

Ex: Farmers work hard to nourish their crops with the right balance of water and nutrients. 
to taint
to taint
[sloveso]

to infect or dirty something with a disease or harmful microorganism

kontaminovat, infikovat

kontaminovat, infikovat

Ex: The outbreak taints the water supply with harmful bacteria. 
to collide
to collide
[sloveso]

to come into sudden and forceful contact with another object or person

srazit se, narazit

srazit se, narazit

Ex: The two cars collided at the intersection, resulting in a minor accident. 
to clog
to clog
[sloveso]

to make it so that nothing can move through something

ucpat, zablokovat

ucpat, zablokovat

Ex: After the heavy rain, leaves and debris tended to clog the gutters. 
to penetrate
to penetrate
[sloveso]

to move through something, typically overcoming resistance

proniknout, prostoupit

proniknout, prostoupit

Ex: The bullet was designed to penetrate armor for increased effectiveness. 
to graze
to graze
[sloveso]

to lightly touch or brush against something, often causing a slight scratch or mark

škrábnout, lehce se dotknout

škrábnout, lehce se dotknout

Ex: The cat's claws grazed my arm as it jumped off the chair. 
to burst
to burst
[sloveso]

to suddenly and violently break open or apart, particularly as a result of internal pressure

prasknout, vybuchnout

prasknout, vybuchnout

Ex: The balloon burst with a loud pop, startling everyone. 
to fracture
to fracture
[sloveso]

to break physically into pieces, often suddenly or violently

zlomit se, rozbít se

zlomit se, rozbít se

Ex: The mirror fell to the ground and fractured into countless shards. 
to rupture
to rupture
[sloveso]

(of a pipe or similar structure) to burst or break apart suddenly

prasknout, roztrhnout se

prasknout, roztrhnout se

Ex: The aging water pipe finally ruptured, causing a water leak in the basement. 
to cleave
to cleave
[sloveso]

to cut something using a sharp tool, often with precision and accuracy

řezat, rozštípnout

řezat, rozštípnout

Ex: The chef deftly cleaved the meat with a sharp knife for precise portions. 
to dismantle
to dismantle
[sloveso]

to take apart or destroy a structure or object

rozebrat, demontovat

rozebrat, demontovat

Ex: The old factory was dismantled to make way for a new commercial development. 
to unscrew
to unscrew
[sloveso]

to release or detach something by rotating it in a counter-clockwise direction, thereby loosening its fastening or connection

odšroubovat, povolit

odšroubovat, povolit

Ex: He unscrewed the lid of the jar to open it. 
to shatter
to shatter
[sloveso]

to break suddenly into several pieces

roztříštit, rozbit

roztříštit, rozbit

Ex: The glass shatters into fragments as it falls to the ground. 
to collapse
to collapse
[sloveso]

(of a construction) to fall down suddenly, particularly due to being damaged or weak

zřítit se, zbortit se

zřítit se, zbortit se

Ex: The old building collapsed after years of neglect and structural decay. 
to demolish
to demolish
[sloveso]

to completely destroy or to knock down a building or another structure

zbořit, zničit

zbořit, zničit

Ex: The old factory was demolished to make way for a new development. 
soot
soot
[Podstatné jméno]

a black powdery substance produced by burning materials like wood or coal

saze, černý prach

saze, černý prach

Ex: The old fireplace emitted a cloud of soot, leaving dark stains on the surrounding walls. 
exterior
exterior
[Podstatné jméno]

the outer surface or outermost layer of an object, building, etc.

vnější strana, vnější povrch

vnější strana, vnější povrch

Ex: The mug’s glossy exterior was decorated with colorful patterns. 
immersion
immersion
[Podstatné jméno]

the act of fully submerging something into a liquid or substance, typically for the purpose of soaking

ponoření, imerse

ponoření, imerse

Ex: He enjoyed the immersion in the warm bath after a long day's work. 
emission
emission
[Podstatné jméno]

the release of gas, radiation, or other substances into the air or environment

emise, vypouštění

emise, vypouštění

Ex: The car produces less emission than older models. 
inscription
inscription
[Podstatné jméno]

words, letters, or symbols that are engraved, carved, or written on a surface, often for commemorative, informational, or decorative purposes

nápis, rytina

nápis, rytina

Ex: The inscription on the ancient stone tablet provided clues about the civilization's language and customs. 
particle
particle
[Podstatné jméno]

a tiny, discrete unit of matter or substance that can range from subatomic particles like electrons and protons to larger particles like dust or sand grains

částice, zrno

částice, zrno

Ex: Scientists study the behavior of particles in particle physics to understand the fundamental forces of nature. 
blaze
blaze
[Podstatné jméno]

a strong, bright flame or fire

plamen, požár

plamen, požár

Ex: The firefighters struggled to control the raging blaze. 
slat
slat
[Podstatné jméno]

a narrow, flat piece of wood, metal, or plastic, typically used as a component in structures like fences, blinds, or furniture

lampa, lať

lampa, lať

Ex: The fence was built using sturdy wooden slats to provide privacy. 
enclosure
enclosure
[Podstatné jméno]

a space or area that is closed off or surrounded by walls, fences, or barriers, often used for containment, protection, or confinement

výběh, ohrada

výběh, ohrada

Ex: The zoo's tiger enclosure provided a safe habitat for the animals to roam. 
recess
recess
[Podstatné jméno]

a small indented area or alcove set back into a wall or other surface

výklenek, nika

výklenek, nika

Ex: The children hid their toys in the recess of the wall, where no one would find them. 
alcove
alcove
[Podstatné jméno]

a recessed part of a wall that is built further back from the rest of it

alkov, výklenek

alkov, výklenek

Ex: The library had a cozy alcove with built-in bookshelves, perfect for curling up with a good book. 
dent
dent
[Podstatné jméno]

a depression or hollow in a surface, typically caused by impact or pressure

promáčknutí, důlek

promáčknutí, důlek

Ex: The car door had a noticeable dent from where it had been hit by a shopping cart. 
rim
rim
[Podstatné jméno]

the outer edge or border of a circular object, often serving as a boundary or support

okraj, obruč

okraj, obruč

Ex: She admired the intricate design on the rim of the antique porcelain bowl. 
socket
socket
[Podstatné jméno]

a hollow part or cavity into which something fits, typically used to connect or hold objects in place

patice, zásuvka

patice, zásuvka

Ex: The mechanic used a socket wrench to tighten the bolts on the car engine. 
ridge
ridge
[Podstatné jméno]

a long, elevated strip or crest of land, rock, or geological formation that extends prominently above its surroundings

hřeben, hřbet

hřeben, hřbet

Ex: The Appalachian Mountains feature several scenic ridges that offer stunning views of the valleys below. 
groove
groove
[Podstatné jméno]

a long, narrow cut or indentation, often linear in shape, that is typically found on surfaces such as columns, moldings, or panels in architectural design

drážka, výřez

drážka, výřez

curbside
curbside
[Podstatné jméno]

the area adjacent to the edge of a street or road where vehicles can park or where services, such as deliveries or pickups, often take place

okraj chodníku, krajnice

okraj chodníku, krajnice

Ex: He waited at the curbside for the taxi to arrive. 
slab
slab
[Podstatné jméno]

a thick and flat piece of hard material, such as a stone, metal, wood, etc. that is usually in the shape of a square or rectangle

deska, panel

deska, panel

abrasion
abrasion
[Podstatné jméno]

the process of wearing down or smoothing a surface through friction, typically caused by rubbing, scraping, or erosion

abraze, opotřebení třením

abraze, opotřebení třením

Ex: The river's swift currents caused abrasion on the rocks, shaping them into smooth pebbles. 
friction
friction
[Podstatné jméno]

the resistance or opposing force encountered when one object moves in contact with another

tření, odpor

tření, odpor

Ex: Friction between the wheels and the road slows the car down. 
trench
trench
[Podstatné jméno]

a deep, narrow, steep-sided depression on the ocean floor

příkop, oceánský příkop

příkop, oceánský příkop

Ex: The Mariana Trench is the deepest known part of the ocean. 
varnish
varnish
[Podstatné jméno]

a clear or tinted coating made from resins, oils, and solvents that is applied to wood, metal, or other surfaces to provide a protective and decorative finish

lak, fernis

lak, fernis

void
void
[Podstatné jméno]

an empty or vacant space within a solid object or within a larger area, typically devoid of substance

prázdnota, dutina

prázdnota, dutina

Ex: The cave explorers discovered a vast void deep within the mountain. 
vacuum
vacuum
[Podstatné jméno]

a space that is utterly empty of all matter

vakuum, prázdnota

vakuum, prázdnota

Ex: In physics, a vacuum is defined as a space devoid of any matter particles, including atoms and molecules. 
airborne
airborne
[Přídavné jméno]

related to something that is moving or transported through the air

přenášený vzduchem, vzdušný

přenášený vzduchem, vzdušný

Ex: The pollen from the flowers became airborne and triggered allergies for many people. 
dingy
dingy
[Přídavné jméno]

looking dark, dirty, or shabby, often because of not being taken care of or cleaned properly

tmavý, špinavý

tmavý, špinavý

Ex: The old apartment had a dingy carpet that hadn't been cleaned in years. 
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