Ciencias Naturales SAT - Mundo físico

to remove a thin layer or small amount of something from a surface using a sharp or rough edge

raspar, descartar

to plunge or immerse entirely beneath the surface of a liquid, typically water

sumergir

to crush something into small particles by rubbing or pressing it against a hard surface

moler

to crush or grind something into a fine powder or particles, often through mechanical means or forceful impact

pulverizar, moler

to make something slightly wet or moist

humedecer, mojar

to completely cover something with liquid by pouring it onto it

empapar, mojar

to give someone or something food and other things which are needed in order to grow, live, and maintain health

nutrir, alimentar

to infect or dirty something with a disease or harmful microorganism

contaminar, manchar

to come into sudden and forceful contact with another object or person

chocar

to make it so that nothing can move through something

taponar, obstruir

to move through something, typically overcoming resistance

penetrar

to lightly touch or brush against something, often causing a slight scratch or mark

rasguñar, rozar

to suddenly and violently break open or apart, particularly as a result of internal pressure

explotar, estallar

to crack something into multiple parts or pieces

fracturar

(of a pipe or similar structure) to burst or break apart suddenly

romperse

to cut something using a sharp tool, often with precision and accuracy

cortar, dividir

to take apart or destroy a structure or object

desmantelar, desmontar

to release or detach something by rotating it in a counter-clockwise direction, thereby loosening its fastening or connection

desenroscar, aflojar

to break suddenly into several pieces

hacer añicos, hacer pedazos

(of a construction) to fall down suddenly, particularly due to being damaged or weak

derrumbarse

to completely destroy or to knock down a building or another structure

demoler, derribar

a black powdery substance produced by burning materials like wood or coal

suciedad

the outer surface or outermost layer of an object, building, etc.

exterior

the act of fully submerging something into a liquid or substance, typically for the purpose of soaking

inmersión, sumersión

the act of producing or releasing something, especially gas or radiation, into the atmosphere or environment

emisión, liberación

words, letters, or symbols that are engraved, carved, or written on a surface, often for commemorative, informational, or decorative purposes

inscripción, grabado

a tiny, discrete unit of matter or substance that can range from subatomic particles like electrons and protons to larger particles like dust or sand grains

partícula, fragmento

a bright, intense flame or fire that burns strongly and produces a lot of light and heat

llamarada

a narrow, flat piece of wood, metal, or plastic, typically used as a component in structures like fences, blinds, or furniture

listón, tablilla

a space or area that is closed off or surrounded by walls, fences, or barriers, often used for containment, protection, or confinement

recinto, enjaulamiento

a small indented area or alcove set back into a wall or other surface, often used for decorative or functional purposes such as display, storage, or seating

nicho, receso

a recessed part of a wall that is built further back from the rest of it

hueco

a depression or hollow in a surface, typically caused by impact or pressure

diente, hendidura

the outer edge or border of a circular object, often serving as a boundary or support

bisel, bordo

a hollow part or cavity into which something fits, typically used to connect or hold objects in place

casquillo, enchufe

a long, elevated strip or crest of land, rock, or geological formation that extends prominently above its surroundings

cresta, cordillera

a long, narrow cut or indentation, often linear in shape, that is typically found on surfaces such as columns, moldings, or panels in architectural design

ranura, surco

the area adjacent to the edge of a street or road where vehicles can park or where services, such as deliveries or pickups, often take place

acera, lado de la calle

a thick and flat piece of hard material, such as a stone, metal, wood, etc. that is usually in the shape of a square or rectangle

losa

the process of wearing down or smoothing a surface through friction, typically caused by rubbing, scraping, or erosion

abrasión, estropeo

the resistance that two surfaces moving on each other encounter

fricción

a long, narrow excavation or ditch dug into the ground, typically for military purposes, drainage, or archaeological exploration

trinchera, fosa

a clear or tinted coating made from resins, oils, and solvents that is applied to wood, metal, or other surfaces to provide a protective and decorative finish

barniz, laca

an empty or vacant space within a solid object or within a larger area, typically devoid of substance

vacío, espacio vacío

a space that is utterly empty of all matter

vacío

related to something that is moving or transported through the air

aéreo, en el aire

looking dark, dirty, or shabby, often because of not being taken care of or cleaned properly

dingy, desaliñado