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Ciencias Naturales SAT - Mundo físico

Aquí aprenderás algunas palabras en inglés relacionadas con el mundo físico, como "pulverizar", "desmantelar", "lúgubre", etc., que necesitarás para superar tus exámenes SAT.

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SAT Vocabulary for Natural Sciences
to scrape
[Verbo]

to remove a thin layer or small amount of something from a surface using a sharp or rough edge

raspar, desprender

raspar, desprender

Ex: scrapes the mud off her shoes before entering the house .

to plunge or immerse entirely beneath the surface of a liquid, typically water

sumergir

sumergir

Ex: The submarine descended into the depths of the oceansubmerging beneath the waves .
to grind
[Verbo]

to crush something into small particles by rubbing or pressing it against a hard surface

moler

moler

Ex: The barista carefully ground the coffee beans to achieve the desired coarseness.

to crush or grind something into a fine powder or particles, often through mechanical means or forceful impact

pulverizar, triturar

pulverizar, triturar

Ex: The blender 's blades pulverize fruits and vegetables into smooth juices .
to dampen
[Verbo]

to make something slightly wet or moist

humedecer, mojar

humedecer, mojar

Ex: dampened the sponge before cleaning the spills .
to drench
[Verbo]

to completely cover something with liquid by pouring it onto it

empapar, mojar completamente

empapar, mojar completamente

Ex: The heavy drenched the beachgoers with seawater .
to nourish
[Verbo]

to give someone or something food and other things which are needed in order to grow, live, and maintain health

nutrir, alimentar

nutrir, alimentar

Ex: It is important nourish relationships with family and friends for emotional well-being .
to taint
[Verbo]

to infect or dirty something with a disease or harmful microorganism

contaminar, manchar

contaminar, manchar

Ex: Insects taint stored grains with molds and toxins .
to collide
[Verbo]

to come into sudden and forceful contact with another object or person

chocar

chocar

Ex: The strong winds caused two trees to lean and collide during the storm .
to clog
[Verbo]

to make it so that nothing can move through something

obstruir, taponar

obstruir, taponar

Ex: A swarm of clogged the air filter of the HVAC system , affecting air quality in the building .

to move through something, typically overcoming resistance

penetrar

penetrar

Ex: The drill penetrated the hard surface , creating a hole .
to graze
[Verbo]

to lightly touch or brush against something, often causing a slight scratch or mark

rozar, rasguñar

rozar, rasguñar

Ex: The hiker 's grazed the edge of the cliff , reminding them to watch their step carefully .
to burst
[Verbo]

to suddenly and violently break open or apart, particularly as a result of internal pressure

explotar, estallar

explotar, estallar

Ex: The tire bursts while driving on the highway, causing the car to swerve.

to crack something into multiple parts or pieces

fracturar

fracturar

Ex: When she dropped the porcelain dish , it did n't just break ; fractured into tiny fragments .
to rupture
[Verbo]

(of a pipe or similar structure) to burst or break apart suddenly

romperse

romperse

Ex: Emergency response teams were dispatched to the scene where a gas main was about rupture.
to cleave
[Verbo]

to cut something using a sharp tool, often with precision and accuracy

cortar, hendir

cortar, hendir

Ex: The cleaved the large block of stone into smaller , manageable pieces .

to take apart or destroy a structure or object

desmantelar, deshacer

desmantelar, deshacer

Ex: The homeowners hired a demolition crew dismantle the condemned building on their property .
to unscrew
[Verbo]

to release or detach something by rotating it in a counter-clockwise direction, thereby loosening its fastening or connection

desenroscar, aflojar

desenroscar, aflojar

Ex: The unscrewed the pipe fittings to fix the leak .
to shatter
[Verbo]

to break suddenly into several pieces

hacer añicos, hacer pedazos

hacer añicos, hacer pedazos

Ex: If you drop it , the glass shatter.

(of a construction) to fall down suddenly, particularly due to being damaged or weak

derrumbarse

derrumbarse

Ex: The ancient collapsed under the weight of the snow .

to completely destroy or to knock down a building or another structure

demoler, derribar

demoler, derribar

Ex: The construction crew demolish the existing walls before rebuilding .
soot
[Sustantivo]

a black powdery substance produced by burning materials like wood or coal

suciedad, hollín

suciedad, hollín

Ex: Historic buildings may undergo periodic cleaning to remove soot from their facades .
exterior
[Sustantivo]

the outer surface or outermost layer of an object, building, etc.

exterior

exterior

Ex: The building ’s exterior gave it a timeless , elegant look .
immersion
[Sustantivo]

the act of fully submerging something into a liquid or substance, typically for the purpose of soaking

inmersión, sumersión

inmersión, sumersión

Ex: immersion of the metal part in the acid bath helped remove the rust .
emission
[Sustantivo]

the act of producing or releasing something, especially gas or radiation, into the atmosphere or environment

emisión, emisión de gases

emisión, emisión de gases

inscription
[Sustantivo]

words, letters, or symbols that are engraved, carved, or written on a surface, often for commemorative, informational, or decorative purposes

inscripción,  inscripción conmemorativa

inscripción, inscripción conmemorativa

Ex: The memorial statue featured inscription honoring the fallen soldiers of the war .
particle
[Sustantivo]

a tiny, discrete unit of matter or substance that can range from subatomic particles like electrons and protons to larger particles like dust or sand grains

partícula, particulita

partícula, particulita

Ex: particles settled on the furniture , indicating the need for regular cleaning .
blaze
[Sustantivo]

a bright, intense flame or fire that burns strongly and produces a lot of light and heat

llamarada

llamarada

slat
[Sustantivo]

a narrow, flat piece of wood, metal, or plastic, typically used as a component in structures like fences, blinds, or furniture

listón, tablilla

listón, tablilla

Ex: The old barn had slats on the walls , giving it a rustic appearance .
enclosure
[Sustantivo]

a space or area that is closed off or surrounded by walls, fences, or barriers, often used for containment, protection, or confinement

recinto, cerramiento

recinto, cerramiento

Ex: Archaeologists discovered ancient artifacts in a sealed enclosure buried underground .
recess
[Sustantivo]

a small indented area or alcove set back into a wall or other surface

receso, nicho

receso, nicho

Ex: recess in the corner of the garden was a perfect spot for a small fountain .
alcove
[Sustantivo]

a recessed part of a wall that is built further back from the rest of it

hueco

hueco

Ex: The art gallery had a alcove dedicated to showcasing sculptures , illuminated by soft overhead lighting .
dent
[Sustantivo]

a depression or hollow in a surface, typically caused by impact or pressure

dentin, hendidura

dentin, hendidura

Ex: The plumber fixed the sink , but there was still a dent on the side .
rim
[Sustantivo]

the outer edge or border of a circular object, often serving as a boundary or support

bisel, borde

bisel, borde

Ex: He carefully traced his finger along rim of the antique telescope , feeling the smooth metal .
socket
[Sustantivo]

a hollow part or cavity into which something fits, typically used to connect or hold objects in place

cavidad, enchufe

cavidad, enchufe

Ex: She inserted the umbrella pole into the patio tablesocket to secure it against wind .
ridge
[Sustantivo]

a long, elevated strip or crest of land, rock, or geological formation that extends prominently above its surroundings

cresta, cordillera

cresta, cordillera

Ex: The Great Dividing Range in Australia includes ridges that influence the country 's drainage patterns and climate .
groove
[Sustantivo]

a long, narrow cut or indentation, often linear in shape, that is typically found on surfaces such as columns, moldings, or panels in architectural design

canal, ranura

canal, ranura

curbside
[Sustantivo]

the area adjacent to the edge of a street or road where vehicles can park or where services, such as deliveries or pickups, often take place

el borde de la acera, el arcén

el borde de la acera, el arcén

Ex: Pedestrians crossed the street using the designated curbside crosswalk.
slab
[Sustantivo]

a thick and flat piece of hard material, such as a stone, metal, wood, etc. that is usually in the shape of a square or rectangle

losa

losa

abrasion
[Sustantivo]

the process of wearing down or smoothing a surface through friction, typically caused by rubbing, scraping, or erosion

abrasión, desgaste

abrasión, desgaste

Ex: The glacier 's movement across the landscape resulted in abrasion of the underlying bedrock .
friction
[Sustantivo]

the resistance that two surfaces moving on each other encounter

fricción

fricción

trench
[Sustantivo]

a long, narrow excavation or ditch dug into the ground, typically for military purposes, drainage, or archaeological exploration

trinchera, zanjas

trinchera, zanjas

Ex: The trenches, found in the deepest parts of the ocean , host unique ecosystems adapted to extreme pressures and darkness .
varnish
[Sustantivo]

a clear or tinted coating made from resins, oils, and solvents that is applied to wood, metal, or other surfaces to provide a protective and decorative finish

barniz, laca

barniz, laca

void
[Sustantivo]

an empty or vacant space within a solid object or within a larger area, typically devoid of substance

vacío, hueco

vacío, hueco

Ex: Engineers detected void in the concrete foundation of the bridge during inspection .
vacuum
[Sustantivo]

a space that is utterly empty of all matter

vacío

vacío

Ex: vacuum of space is characterized by extremely low pressure and the absence of atmosphere .
airborne
[Adjetivo]

related to something that is moving or transported through the air

aéreo, transportado por el aire

aéreo, transportado por el aire

Ex: Scientists studied airborne pollutants in urban areas to assess their impact on air quality .
dingy
[Adjetivo]

looking dark, dirty, or shabby, often because of not being taken care of or cleaned properly

desaliñado, sucio

desaliñado, sucio

Ex: Despite dingy appearance , the old house had a certain charm .
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