Cambridge IELTS 16 - Академический - Тест 1 - Чтение - Отрывок 3 (1)

the practice of giving professional advice within a particular field

all the people who work for a particular company, industry, organization, or country

a person's profession or job, typically the means by which they earn a living

to change one's behavior or habits in order to deal successfully with a new situation or environment

the use of machines and computers in a production process that was formerly operated by people

(of something abstract) given a physical form

interrupting or disturbing the normal flow or function of something

work, particularly difficult physical work

not having a material body

a set of rules used by digital systems to decide what content to show users based on their behavior and preferences

being determined by conditions or circumstances that follow

to take responsibility for something and start to do it

an official agreement between two or more sides that states what each of them has to do

to bring things together in one place

to do better than someone or something

to develop something using certain facts, ideas, situations, etc.

the amount of goods or services produced in relation to the resources, labor, or time used to produce them

an improvement that makes something more agreeable

a phenomenon or event that follows from and is caused by a previous action or occurrence

referring to mental processes involved in understanding, thinking, and remembering

the point or degree to which something extends

the science and technology of transmitting information over distance using electronic or optical systems

(often plural) systems used in transmitting messages over a distance electronically

a person whose job is selling goods

to form a judgment on the quality, worth, nature, ability or importance of something, someone, or a situation

to characterize or determine the essential qualities or attributes of someone or something

a series of organized activities that are intended to achieve a particular goal

only thinking about immediate benefits and not considering future consequences

used to indicate the means or method by which something is achieved or brought about

available as an option for something else

a careful examination or investigation of a subject, idea, or possibility

the testing of an idea

an example of a certain kind of situation

to provide or supply something with the necessary material, resources, or energy to function

to give a written or spoken description of an event to someone

a hypothetical sequence of events or a plausible situation that could unfold

a goal that one wants to achieve

clear enough to be easily understood

a situation in which a difficult choice must be made between alternatives

a high level of specialized knowledge or skill in a particular subject or activity

related to a particular occupation, profession, or job

a limit that defines distinctions or separations between particular elements, such as ideas, cultures, or rules

information collected about customers, competitors, and market trends that helps a business make better decisions and stay competitive

a person who manages relationships with clients, ensuring their needs are met and helping maintain business between the client and the company

to develop, spread, or change slowly and gradually, often without being noticed at first