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Hälsa och Sjukdom - Specifika sjukdomar

Här kommer du att lära dig några engelska ord relaterade till specifika sjukdomar som "rabies", "cancer" och "polio".

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Words Related to Health and Sickness
bilharzia
bilharzia
[Substantiv]

a parasitic infection transmitted through contaminated freshwater

bilharzia, schistosomiasis

bilharzia, schistosomiasis

Ex: Public health campaigns aim to improve water sanitation to reduce the incidence of bilharzia. 

Folkhälsokampanjer syftar till att förbättra vattensaneringen för att minska förekomsten av bilharzia.

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chronic fatigue syndrome

a disorder characterized by severe fatigue that is not relieved by rest, along with other symptoms like pain, cognitive problems, and sleep disturbances

kroniskt trötthetssyndrom, myalgisk encefalomyelit

kroniskt trötthetssyndrom, myalgisk encefalomyelit

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AIDS
AIDS
[Substantiv]

the most advanced stage of HIV infection, in which the immune system is severely weakened and becomes vulnerable to serious infections and illnesses

aids, AIDS

aids, AIDS

Ex: The organization raises awareness about HIV and AIDS. 
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encephalitis
encephalitis
[Substantiv]

the inflammation of the brain, often caused by viral infections, leading to symptoms such as fever, headache, and altered mental function

encefalit

encefalit

Ex: Encephalitis can affect people of all ages, but children and the elderly may be more susceptible. 

Encefalit kan drabba människor i alla åldrar, men barn och äldre kan vara mer känsliga.

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glaucoma
glaucoma
[Substantiv]

an eye condition characterized by increased pressure within the eye, which can lead to optic nerve damage and vision loss if not treated

glaukom, grön starr

glaukom, grön starr

Ex: Individuals with a family history of glaucoma may have a higher risk and should be vigilant with eye exams. 

Personer med en familjehistoria av glaukom kan ha en högre risk och bör vara vaksamma med ögonundersökningar.

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polio
polio
[Substantiv]

a disabling and life-threatening disease that causes nerve injuries leading to permanent paralysis, happens mostly in children younger than five

polio, poliomyelit

polio, poliomyelit

Ex: Scientists worked for years to develop an infantile paralysis cure. 

Forskare arbetade i åratal för att utveckla ett botemedel mot polio.

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rabies
rabies
[Substantiv]

a viral disease of mammals, particularly dogs that is usually passed to humans through the bite of an infected animal

rabies, hundsjuka

rabies, hundsjuka

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sleeping sickness
sleeping sickness
[Substantiv]

a tropical disease transmitted by tsetse flies, causing fever, headaches, and etc.

sömnjuka, afrikansk trypanosomiasis

sömnjuka, afrikansk trypanosomiasis

Ex: Ongoing research aims to develop more effective treatments for sleeping sickness. 

Pågående forskning syftar till att utveckla mer effektiva behandlingar för sömnjuka.

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thrush
thrush
[Substantiv]

a fungal infection, often causing white patches and discomfort in areas like the mouth, diaper region, or genitals

torsk, kandidainfektion

torsk, kandidainfektion

Ex: Breastfeeding mothers and infants can pass thrush back and forth, requiring simultaneous treatment. 

Ammar mammor och spädbarn kan skicka torsk fram och tillbaka, vilket kräver samtidig behandling.

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cancer
cancer
[Substantiv]

a disease in which abnormal cells grow uncontrollably and may invade nearby tissues or spread to other parts of the body

cancer,  karcinom

cancer, karcinom

Ex: Early detection can improve the chances of treating some types of cancer. 
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Alzheimer's disease

a progressive neurologic disorder, particularly affecting older people, that slowly destroys brain cells and causes thinking ability and memory to deteriorate over time

Alzheimers sjukdom, Alzheimer

Alzheimers sjukdom, Alzheimer

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pellagra
pellagra
[Substantiv]

a disease caused by severe vitamin B3 or niacin deficiency and characterized by skin changes, mental symptoms, and diarrhea

pellagra, tre D-sjukdom

pellagra, tre D-sjukdom

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Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease

a rare and potentially fatal disease that primarily affects the brain and causes brain damage that aggravates over time

Creutzfeldt-Jakobs sjukdom, CJD

Creutzfeldt-Jakobs sjukdom, CJD

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beriberi
beriberi
[Substantiv]

a nutritional deficiency disease caused by a lack of vitamin B1

beriberi, tiaminbrist

beriberi, tiaminbrist

Ex: Beriberi is more prevalent in regions where polished rice, which lacks thiamine, is a staple food. 

Beriberi är vanligare i regioner där polerat ris, som saknar tiamin, är en stapelföda.

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motor neurone disease

a group of rare neurodegenerative disorders that affect the nerves, neurones, that control voluntary muscle movements

motorneuronsjukdom, amyotrofisk lateralskleros

motorneuronsjukdom, amyotrofisk lateralskleros

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Parkinson's disease

a progressive neurological disorder that affects movement and can cause tremors, stiffness, and difficulty with coordination

Parkinsons sjukdom

Parkinsons sjukdom

Ex: People with Parkinson's often experience difficulty initiating and controlling movements. 

Personer med Parkinsons sjukdom upplever ofta svårigheter med att initiera och kontrollera rörelser.

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radiation sickness
radiation sickness
[Substantiv]

illness caused by exposure to high levels of radiation, leading to symptoms like nausea and weakness

strålsjuka

strålsjuka

Ex: Early symptoms of radiation sickness may include vomiting, dizziness, and fatigue. 

Tidiga symptom på strålsjuka kan inkludera kräkningar, yrsel och trötthet.

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rheumatic fever
rheumatic fever
[Substantiv]

an inflammatory illness that can occur after a streptococcal throat infection, affecting the heart, joints, and other tissues

reumatisk feber, akut reumatisk feber

reumatisk feber, akut reumatisk feber

Ex: Tim experienced carditis, a heart-related complication of rheumatic fever. 

Tim upplevde kardit, en hjärtrelaterad komplikation av reumatisk feber.

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silicosis
silicosis
[Substantiv]

a lung disease caused by inhaling fine silica dust, often resulting from prolonged exposure to activities like mining or stone cutting

silkos, lungsjukdom orsakad av inandning av fina silikadammpartiklar

silkos, lungsjukdom orsakad av inandning av fina silikadammpartiklar

Ex: Inhalation of silica dust over an extended period can gradually lead to the development of silicosis. 

Inandning av kiseldamm under en längre period kan gradvis leda till utveckling av silkos.

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aneurysm
aneurysm
[Substantiv]

a bulge or ballooning in the wall of an artery, often caused by a weakened vessel

aneurysm, utbuktning av en artärvägg

aneurysm, utbuktning av en artärvägg

Ex: Lifestyle changes, such as managing blood pressure, are important in preventing the development or growth of aneurysms. 

Livsstilsförändringar, som att hantera blodtrycket, är viktiga för att förhindra utvecklingen eller tillväxten av aneurysmer.

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angina
angina
[Substantiv]

an inflammatory infection of the throat, especially quinsy, marked by throat abscess and discomfort

halsfluss, tonsillit

halsfluss, tonsillit

Ex: he inflammation associated with angina can lead to swelling and discomfort in the throat. 

Inflammationen förknippad med halsfluss kan leda till svullnad och obehag i halsen.

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asthma
asthma
[Substantiv]

a disease that causes shortness of breath and difficulty in breathing

astma, luftvägssjukdom

astma, luftvägssjukdom

Ex: Treatment for asthma often includes inhalers that deliver medication to open the airways and reduce inflammation. 

Behandling av astma inkluderar ofta inhalatorer som levererar medicin för att öppna luftvägarna och minska inflammation.

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fibromyalgia
fibromyalgia
[Substantiv]

a chronic disorder characterized by widespread pain, tenderness, and other symptoms like fatigue, sleep disturbances, and mood changes

fibromyalgi, fibromyalgisyndrom

fibromyalgi, fibromyalgisyndrom

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hepatitis
hepatitis
[Substantiv]

inflammatory condition of the liver caused by a variety of infectious viruses or over-consumption of alcohol

hepatit

hepatit

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cirrhosis
cirrhosis
[Substantiv]

a late-stage scarring of the liver caused by drinking too much alcohol

cirros, leverfibros

cirros, leverfibros

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heart disease
heart disease
[Substantiv]

a broad term encompassing various conditions affecting the heart, including coronary artery disease, heart failure, and valvular disorders

hjärtsjukdom

hjärtsjukdom

Ex: Annual check-ups are crucial for early detection and prevention of heart disease. 

Årliga hälsokontroller är avgörande för tidig upptäckt och prevention av hjärtsjukdomar.

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