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Zdraví a Nemoci - Konkrétní onemocnění

Zde se naučíte některá anglická slova související s konkrétními nemocemi, jako jsou "vzteklina", "rakovina" a "obrna".

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Words Related to Health and Sickness
bilharzia
bilharzia
[Podstatné jméno]

a parasitic infection transmitted through contaminated freshwater

schistosomóza, bilharzie

schistosomóza, bilharzie

Ex: Swimming in contaminated freshwater can lead to bilharzia, causing symptoms like fever and abdominal pain. 
chronic fatigue syndrome
chronic fatigue syndrome
[Podstatné jméno]

a disorder characterized by severe fatigue that is not relieved by rest, along with other symptoms like pain, cognitive problems, and sleep disturbances

syndrom chronické únavy, myalgická encefalomyelitida

syndrom chronické únavy, myalgická encefalomyelitida

AIDS
AIDS
[Podstatné jméno]

a serious disease caused by a virus that attacks the body's immune system and weakens it, can cause death in severe cases

AIDS, syndrom získané imunodeficience

AIDS, syndrom získané imunodeficience

Ex: AIDS is a serious condition caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which weakens the immune system. 
encephalitis
encephalitis
[Podstatné jméno]

the inflammation of the brain, often caused by viral infections, leading to symptoms such as fever, headache, and altered mental function

encefalitida

encefalitida

Ex: Headache, sensitivity to light, and nausea are typical early symptoms of encephalitis. 
glaucoma
glaucoma
[Podstatné jméno]

an eye condition characterized by increased pressure within the eye, which can lead to optic nerve damage and vision loss if not treated

glaukom, zelený zákal

glaukom, zelený zákal

Ex: The optometrist detected early signs of glaucoma during Tom's routine eye examination. 
polio
polio
[Podstatné jméno]

a disabling and life-threatening disease that causes nerve injuries leading to permanent paralysis, happens mostly in children younger than five

polio, dětská obrna

polio, dětská obrna

Ex: He survived polio but lost the ability to walk. 
rabies
rabies
[Podstatné jméno]

a viral disease of mammals, particularly dogs that is usually passed to humans through the bite of an infected animal

vzteklina, nemoc vztekliny

vzteklina, nemoc vztekliny

sleeping sickness
sleeping sickness
[Podstatné jméno]

a tropical disease transmitted by tsetse flies, causing fever, headaches, and etc.

spavá nemoc, africká trypanosomiáza

spavá nemoc, africká trypanosomiáza

Ex: Jack in a tsetse fly area had fever and sleep issues, indicating possible sleeping sickness. 
thrush
thrush
[Podstatné jméno]

a fungal infection, often causing white patches and discomfort in areas like the mouth, diaper region, or genitals

soor, kandidóza

soor, kandidóza

Ex: Jane noticed white patches in her mouth, and the doctor diagnosed it as oral thrush. 
cancer
cancer
[Podstatné jméno]

a serious disease caused by the uncontrolled growth of cells in a part of the body that may spread to other parts

rakovina

rakovina

Ex: She underwent chemotherapy to treat her breast cancer. 
Alzheimer's disease
Alzheimer's disease
[Podstatné jméno]

a progressive neurologic disorder, particularly affecting older people, that slowly destroys brain cells and causes thinking ability and memory to deteriorate over time

Alzheimerova choroba, Alzheimer

Alzheimerova choroba, Alzheimer

pellagra
pellagra
[Podstatné jméno]

a disease caused by severe vitamin B3 or niacin deficiency and characterized by skin changes, mental symptoms, and diarrhea

pelagra, onemocnění tří D

pelagra, onemocnění tří D

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
[Podstatné jméno]

a rare and potentially fatal disease that primarily affects the brain and causes brain damage that aggravates over time

Creutzfeldtova-Jakobova nemoc, CJD

Creutzfeldtova-Jakobova nemoc, CJD

beriberi
beriberi
[Podstatné jméno]

a nutritional deficiency disease caused by a lack of vitamin B1

beri-beri, nedostatek thiaminu

beri-beri, nedostatek thiaminu

Ex: Mark developed weakness and difficulty walking due to beriberi caused by thiamine deficiency. 
motor neurone disease
motor neurone disease
[Podstatné jméno]

a group of rare neurodegenerative disorders that affect the nerves, neurones, that control voluntary muscle movements

onemocnění motorického neuronu, amyotrofická laterální skleróza

onemocnění motorického neuronu, amyotrofická laterální skleróza

Parkinson's disease
Parkinson's disease
[Podstatné jméno]

a progressive neurological disorder that affects movement and can cause tremors, stiffness, and difficulty with coordination

Parkinsonova choroba

Parkinsonova choroba

Ex: John's hands shook uncontrollably, a common symptom of Parkinson's disease. 
radiation sickness
radiation sickness
[Podstatné jméno]

illness caused by exposure to high levels of radiation, leading to symptoms like nausea and weakness

nemoc z ozáření

nemoc z ozáření

Ex: After the nuclear accident, many residents developed radiation sickness due to prolonged exposure. 
rheumatic fever
rheumatic fever
[Podstatné jméno]

an inflammatory illness that can occur after a streptococcal throat infection, affecting the heart, joints, and other tissues

revmatická horečka, akutní revmatická horečka

revmatická horečka, akutní revmatická horečka

Ex: Sarah developed rheumatic fever following an untreated strep throat infection. 
silicosis
silicosis
[Podstatné jméno]

a lung disease caused by inhaling fine silica dust, often resulting from prolonged exposure to activities like mining or stone cutting

silikóza, plicní onemocnění způsobené vdechováním jemného křemičitého prachu

silikóza, plicní onemocnění způsobené vdechováním jemného křemičitého prachu

Ex: Silicosis can lead to scarring of the lungs, impairing their ability to function properly. 
aneurysm
aneurysm
[Podstatné jméno]

a bulge or ballooning in the wall of an artery, often caused by a weakened vessel

aneurysma, výduť stěny tepny

aneurysma, výduť stěny tepny

Ex: The doctor discovered an aneurysm during a routine medical check-up. 
angina
angina
[Podstatné jméno]

an inflammatory infection of the throat, especially quinsy, marked by throat abscess and discomfort

angína, zánět mandlí

angína, zánět mandlí

Ex: The doctor diagnosed the patient with angina, noting the presence of an abscess in the throat. 
asthma
asthma
[Podstatné jméno]

a disease that causes shortness of breath and difficulty in breathing

astma, onemocnění dýchacích cest

astma, onemocnění dýchacích cest

Ex: Asthma is a chronic lung disease characterized by inflammation and narrowing of the airways. 
fibromyalgia
fibromyalgia
[Podstatné jméno]

a chronic disorder characterized by widespread pain, tenderness, and other symptoms like fatigue, sleep disturbances, and mood changes

fibromyalgie, syndrom fibromyalgie

fibromyalgie, syndrom fibromyalgie

hepatitis
hepatitis
[Podstatné jméno]

inflammatory condition of the liver caused by a variety of infectious viruses or over-consumption of alcohol

hepatitida

hepatitida

cirrhosis
cirrhosis
[Podstatné jméno]

a late-stage scarring of the liver caused by drinking too much alcohol

cirhóza, fibróza jater

cirhóza, fibróza jater

heart disease
heart disease
[Podstatné jméno]

a broad term encompassing various conditions affecting the heart, including coronary artery disease, heart failure, and valvular disorders

srdeční onemocnění

srdeční onemocnění

Ex: High blood pressure is a significant risk factor for developing heart disease. 
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