a parasitic infection transmitted through contaminated freshwater
血吸虫病, 裂体血吸虫
血吸虫病是通过检查尿液或粪便样本诊断的，治疗涉及药物。
a disorder characterized by severe fatigue that is not relieved by rest, along with other symptoms like pain, cognitive problems, and sleep disturbances
慢性疲劳综合症, 肌痛性脑脊髓炎
the most advanced stage of HIV infection, in which the immune system is severely weakened and becomes vulnerable to serious infections and illnesses
艾滋病, 获得性免疫缺陷综合征
the inflammation of the brain, often caused by viral infections, leading to symptoms such as fever, headache, and altered mental function
脑炎
医生在观察到癫痫等神经系统症状后，诊断马克患有脑炎。
an eye condition characterized by increased pressure within the eye, which can lead to optic nerve damage and vision loss if not treated
青光眼, 绿内障
青光眼通常逐渐发展，个体可能在病情恶化之前不会出现症状。
a disabling and life-threatening disease that causes nerve injuries leading to permanent paralysis, happens mostly in children younger than five
小儿麻痹症, 脊髓灰质炎
脊髓灰质炎曾经是一个主要的健康威胁。
a viral disease of mammals, particularly dogs that is usually passed to humans through the bite of an infected animal
狂犬病, 疯狗病
a tropical disease transmitted by tsetse flies, causing fever, headaches, and etc.
昏睡病, 非洲锥虫病
通过血液检测早期诊断对于有效治疗昏睡病至关重要。
a fungal infection, often causing white patches and discomfort in areas like the mouth, diaper region, or genitals
鹅口疮, 念珠菌病
鹅口疮可能发生在生殖器区域，引起瘙痒和不适，尤其是女性。
a disease in which abnormal cells grow uncontrollably and may invade nearby tissues or spread to other parts of the body
a progressive neurologic disorder, particularly affecting older people, that slowly destroys brain cells and causes thinking ability and memory to deteriorate over time
阿尔茨海默病, 老年痴呆症
a disease caused by severe vitamin B3 or niacin deficiency and characterized by skin changes, mental symptoms, and diarrhea
糙皮病, 三D病
a rare and potentially fatal disease that primarily affects the brain and causes brain damage that aggravates over time
克雅氏病, CJD
a nutritional deficiency disease caused by a lack of vitamin B1
脚气病, 硫胺素缺乏症
医生在莎拉出现刺痛和麻木等神经相关症状后，诊断她患有脚气病。
a group of rare neurodegenerative disorders that affect the nerves, neurones, that control voluntary muscle movements
运动神经元病, 肌萎缩侧索硬化症
a progressive neurological disorder that affects movement and can cause tremors, stiffness, and difficulty with coordination
帕金森病
玛丽注意到她父亲的步态较慢，这是帕金森病的另一个迹象。
illness caused by exposure to high levels of radiation, leading to symptoms like nausea and weakness
辐射病
宇航员在完成一次长时间的太空任务后经历了辐射病。
an inflammatory illness that can occur after a streptococcal throat infection, affecting the heart, joints, and other tissues
风湿热, 急性风湿病
医生在诊断出链球菌性咽喉炎后开了抗生素以预防风湿热。
a lung disease caused by inhaling fine silica dust, often resulting from prolonged exposure to activities like mining or stone cutting
矽肺病, 因吸入细小硅尘而引起的肺部疾病
矽肺病是一种可预防的职业病，常见于矿工和建筑工人。
a bulge or ballooning in the wall of an artery, often caused by a weakened vessel
动脉瘤, 动脉壁的膨胀
一个小的、未破裂的动脉瘤可能不会引起明显的症状。
an inflammatory infection of the throat, especially quinsy, marked by throat abscess and discomfort
咽炎, 扁桃体炎
严重的喉咙疼痛和吞咽困难是这种情况下咽峡炎的特征性症状。
a disease that causes shortness of breath and difficulty in breathing
哮喘, 呼吸系统疾病
哮喘的症状包括喘息、咳嗽、胸闷和呼吸急促。
a chronic disorder characterized by widespread pain, tenderness, and other symptoms like fatigue, sleep disturbances, and mood changes
纤维肌痛, 广泛疼痛综合征
inflammatory condition of the liver caused by a variety of infectious viruses or over-consumption of alcohol
肝炎
a broad term encompassing various conditions affecting the heart, including coronary artery disease, heart failure, and valvular disorders
心脏病
生活方式的改变，如健康饮食和定期锻炼，可以帮助预防心脏病。
