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Santé et Maladie - Maladies Spécifiques

Ici, vous apprendrez quelques mots anglais liés à des maladies spécifiques telles que "rage", "cancer" et "polio".

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Words Related to Health and Sickness

a parasitic infection transmitted through contaminated freshwater

bilharziose, schistosomiase

bilharziose, schistosomiase

Ex: Long-term complications of bilharzia may affect organs like the liver and bladder .Les complications à long terme de la **bilharziose** peuvent affecter des organes comme le foie et la vessie.

a disorder characterized by severe fatigue that is not relieved by rest, along with other symptoms like pain, cognitive problems, and sleep disturbances

syndrome de fatigue chronique, encéphalomyélite myalgique

syndrome de fatigue chronique, encéphalomyélite myalgique

AIDS
[nom]

a serious disease caused by a virus that attacks the body's immune system and weakens it, can cause death in severe cases

sida

sida

Ex: The stigma surrounding AIDS can create barriers to healthcare access for those affected by the illness .La stigmatisation entourant le **SIDA** peut créer des obstacles à l'accès aux soins de santé pour les personnes touchées par la maladie.

the inflammation of the brain, often caused by viral infections, leading to symptoms such as fever, headache, and altered mental function

encéphalite

encéphalite

Ex: Vaccination against certain viral infections can help prevent encephalitis in some cases .La vaccination contre certaines infections virales peut aider à prévenir **l'encéphalite** dans certains cas.

an eye condition characterized by increased pressure within the eye, which can lead to optic nerve damage and vision loss if not treated

glaucome, glaucoma

glaucome, glaucoma

Ex: Timely intervention through medication or surgery can help slow or prevent further vision loss in glaucoma.Une intervention rapide par des médicaments ou une chirurgie peut aider à ralentir ou à empêcher une perte de vision supplémentaire dans le cas du **glaucome**.
polio
[nom]

a disabling and life-threatening disease that causes nerve injuries leading to permanent paralysis, happens mostly in children younger than five

polio

polio

Ex: Polio outbreaks declined after mass immunization .Les épidémies de **polio** ont diminué après la vaccination de masse.
rabies
[nom]

a viral disease of mammals, particularly dogs that is usually passed to humans through the bite of an infected animal

rage

rage

a tropical disease transmitted by tsetse flies, causing fever, headaches, and etc.

maladie du sommeil, trypanosomiase africaine

maladie du sommeil, trypanosomiase africaine

Ex: International collaboration is key for controlling and eliminating sleeping sickness in affected regions .La collaboration internationale est essentielle pour contrôler et éliminer la **maladie du sommeil** dans les régions touchées.
thrush
[nom]

a fungal infection, often causing white patches and discomfort in areas like the mouth, diaper region, or genitals

muguet, candidose

muguet, candidose

Ex: Good oral hygiene is essential to prevent thrush in the mouth , especially for those with dentures .Une bonne hygiène buccale est essentielle pour prévenir le **muguet** dans la bouche, surtout pour ceux qui portent des prothèses dentaires.
cancer
[nom]

a serious disease caused by the uncontrolled growth of cells in a part of the body that may spread to other parts

cancer

cancer

Ex: The doctor discussed the various treatment options available for colon cancer.Le médecin a discuté des différentes options de traitement disponibles pour le **cancer** du côlon.

a progressive neurologic disorder, particularly affecting older people, that slowly destroys brain cells and causes thinking ability and memory to deteriorate over time

maladie d'Alzheimer

maladie d'Alzheimer

a disease caused by severe vitamin B3 or niacin deficiency and characterized by skin changes, mental symptoms, and diarrhea

pellagre

pellagre

a rare and potentially fatal disease that primarily affects the brain and causes brain damage that aggravates over time

MCJ

MCJ

a nutritional deficiency disease caused by a lack of vitamin B1

le béribéri, la carence en thiamine

le béribéri, la carence en thiamine

Ex: Treatment for beriberi often involves thiamine supplements to address the deficiency .Le traitement du **béribéri** implique souvent des suppléments de thiamine pour remédier à la carence.

a group of rare neurodegenerative disorders that affect the nerves, neurones, that control voluntary muscle movements

sclérose latérale amyotrophique, maladie de Charcot

sclérose latérale amyotrophique, maladie de Charcot

a progressive neurological disorder that affects movement and can cause tremors, stiffness, and difficulty with coordination

la maladie de Parkinson

la maladie de Parkinson

Ex: Margaret takes medication regularly to alleviate the tremors associated with Parkinson's.Margaret prend des médicaments régulièrement pour soulager les tremblements associés à la **maladie de Parkinson**.

illness caused by exposure to high levels of radiation, leading to symptoms like nausea and weakness

maladie des radiations

maladie des radiations

Ex: Workers at the nuclear power plant received medical attention for radiation sickness after the accident .

an inflammatory illness that can occur after a streptococcal throat infection, affecting the heart, joints, and other tissues

fièvre rhumatismale, rhumatisme articulaire aigu

fièvre rhumatismale, rhumatisme articulaire aigu

Ex: The symptoms of rheumatic fever may include fever , swollen joints , and fatigue .Les symptômes de la **fièvre rhumatismale** peuvent inclure de la fièvre, des articulations enflées et de la fatigue.

a lung disease caused by inhaling fine silica dust, often resulting from prolonged exposure to activities like mining or stone cutting

silicose, maladie pulmonaire due à l'inhalation de poussières de silice

silicose, maladie pulmonaire due à l'inhalation de poussières de silice

Ex: Training programs emphasize the importance of awareness and safety measures to prevent silicosis among workers .Les programmes de formation mettent l'accent sur l'importance de la sensibilisation et des mesures de sécurité pour prévenir la **silicose** parmi les travailleurs.

a bulge or ballooning in the wall of an artery, often caused by a weakened vessel

anévrisme, anévrysme

anévrisme, anévrysme

Ex: Regular monitoring is essential for individuals with a known aneurysm to prevent complications .
angina
[nom]

an inflammatory infection of the throat, especially quinsy, marked by throat abscess and discomfort

angine, amygdalite

angine, amygdalite

Ex: The patient underwent drainage of the abscess to alleviate the symptoms of angina.Le patient a subi un drainage de l'abcès pour soulager les symptômes de l'**angine**.
asthma
[nom]

a disease that causes shortness of breath and difficulty in breathing

asthme

asthme

Ex: It 's important for people with asthma to work closely with their healthcare providers to manage their condition and prevent exacerbations .Il est important pour les personnes atteintes d'**asthme** de travailler en étroite collaboration avec leurs prestataires de soins de santé pour gérer leur état et prévenir les exacerbations.

a chronic disorder characterized by widespread pain, tenderness, and other symptoms like fatigue, sleep disturbances, and mood changes

fibromyalgie, syndrome fibromyalgique

fibromyalgie, syndrome fibromyalgique

inflammatory condition of the liver caused by a variety of infectious viruses or over-consumption of alcohol

hépatite

hépatite

a late-stage scarring of the liver caused by drinking too much alcohol

cirrhose

cirrhose

a broad term encompassing various conditions affecting the heart, including coronary artery disease, heart failure, and valvular disorders

maladie cardiaque

maladie cardiaque

Ex: Family history plays a role in determining one 's predisposition to certain types of heart disease.Les antécédents familiaux jouent un rôle dans la détermination de la prédisposition d'une personne à certains types de **maladie cardiaque**.
Santé et Maladie
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