Cambridge English: PET (B1 Preliminary) - Weather & Ecology

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Cambridge English: PET (B1 Preliminary)

‌a storm with thunder and lightning and often heavy rain

Ex: The thunderstorm provided a spectacular light show in the night sky .
environmental [adjective]

relating to the natural world and effects of human actions on it

Ex: Environmental conservation efforts aim to protect ecosystems and reduce human impact on the planet .
jungle [noun]

a tropical forest with many plants growing densely

Ex: They got lost in the jungle during their hike .
to plant [verb]

to put a seed, plant, etc. in the ground to grow

Ex: The children were excited to plant pumpkin seeds and watch them grow .

a collection point or recycling container specifically designed for the deposit and recycling of glass bottles

Ex: Environmental awareness campaigns promote the use of bottle banks to reduce glass waste and promote recycling habits .

to make a waste product usable again

Ex: Composting is a method of recycling organic waste to create nutrient-rich soil for gardening .
recycled [adjective]

used again or transformed into a new product after being processed

Ex: The recycled glass bottles were melted down and reshaped into new containers .

the process of making waste products usable again

Ex: Factories use advanced recycling methods for metals .

a container used for storing waste or garbage

Ex: I accidentally put my keys in the rubbish bin , but luckily , I found them .
path [noun]

a way or track that is built or made by people walking over the same ground

Ex: She walked along the path every morning .
bay [noun]

a part of a shoreline that curves inward, larger than a cove but smaller than a gulf

Ex: The bay is surrounded by cliffs and lush green hills .
seaside [noun]

an area by the sea, especially one at which people spend their holiday

Ex: She loves the fresh air and scenic views at the seaside .
harbor [noun]

a sheltered area of water along the coast where ships, boats, and other vessels can anchor safely, typically protected from rough seas by natural or artificial barriers

Ex: The sailors were relieved to see the harbor after weeks at sea .
region [noun]

a large area of land or of the world with specific characteristics, which is usually borderless

Ex: The Middle East is a geopolitically significant region , characterized by diverse cultures , religions , and political landscapes .
range [noun]

a large tract of open land where livestock graze

Ex: Ranchers manage large ranges for their herds .

any of the large land masses of the earth surrounded by sea such as Europe, Africa or Asia

Ex: Asia is the largest continent and is home to many ancient civilizations .
farmland [noun]

a land that is used for farming, especially in rural areas

flood [noun]

the rising of a body of water that covers dry places and causes damage

Ex: The flood damage was estimated in the millions of dollars .
sunrise [noun]

the event during which the sun comes up

Ex: He woke up early to catch the sunrise over the ocean .
sunset [noun]

the event during which the sun goes down

Ex: During winter , the sunset happens much earlier in the evening .
to blow [verb]

(of wind or an air current) to move or be in motion

Ex:
centigrade [adjective]

related to or using a temperature scale on which water boils at 100° and freezes at 0°

mild [adjective]

(of weather) pleasantly warm and less cold than expected

Ex: The forecast predicted a mild weekend ahead .
forecast [noun]

a prediction or estimate of future events, often related to weather or conditions

Ex:
frozen [adjective]

turned into ice because of cold weather

Ex: The frozen river was safe for ice skating .
gale [noun]

a very powerful wind

Ex: Walking against the fierce gale , she struggled to keep her balance and stay on the path .
snowfall [noun]

the event during which snow begins to fall from the sky

Ex: The city came to a standstill as commuters navigated treacherous roads and sidewalks obscured by the relentless snowfall .
breeze [noun]

a gentle and usually pleasant wind

Ex: The cool breeze made the hot day more bearable .
chilly [adjective]

cold in an unpleasant or uncomfortable way

Ex: They put on sweaters to combat the chilly night .
climate [noun]

the typical weather conditions of a particular region

Ex: The climate in the desert can be extremely hot during the day and cold at night .
damp [adjective]

slightly wet, particularly in an uncomfortable way

Ex: The basement felt damp and musty after heavy rainfall seeped in through cracks .
fine [adjective]

(of the weather) sunny and clear

Ex: The children played outside all day , enjoying the fine spring weather .
humid [adjective]

(of the climate) having a lot of moisture in the air, causing an uncomfortable and sticky feeling

Ex: The humid conditions caused the windows to fog up .

a bright flash, caused by electricity, in the sky or one that hits the ground from within the clouds

Ex: The lightning illuminated the entire landscape for a brief moment .
shower [noun]

a brief period of rain or snow

Ex: A quick shower caught us off guard while we were hiking .

the amount of carbon dioxide that an organization or person releases into the atmosphere

Ex: Manufacturing industries often have a high carbon footprint .

a fuel that is found in nature and obtained from the remains of plants and animals that died millions of years ago, such as coal and gas

Ex: Fossil fuels are a major source of global energy production .

a permanent change in global or regional climate patterns, including temperature, wind, and rainfall

Ex: Droughts and floods are becoming more frequent due to climate change .

referring to actions, products, or practices that aim to preserve or protect the natural environment

Ex: Her goal was to create an environmentally friendly garden that supports local wildlife .

the protection of the natural environment and resources from wasteful human activities

Ex:
waste [noun]

materials that have no use and are unwanted

Ex:
dry [adjective]

lacking moisture or liquid

Ex: The towel felt dry to the touch after being hung out in the sun .
boiling [adjective]

having an intense, almost unbearable heat

Ex:
cold [noun]

the temperature that is below what is considered normal or comfortable for a particular thing, person, or place

Ex: She was not used to the cold in the new city .
frost [noun]

a weather condition during which the temperature drops below the freezing point and thin layers of ice are formed on the surfaces

Ex: The frost caused the farmer to cover his crops to prevent damage .
icy [adjective]

so cold that is uncomfortable or harmful

Ex: Despite the icy conditions , the team pressed on , determined to reach their destination before nightfall .
canal [noun]

a long and artificial passage built and filled with water for ships to travel along or used to transfer water to other places

Ex: The canal was used to irrigate the surrounding farmland .