show disapproval by discouraging

talk at length and formally about a topic

showing no courtesy; rude

make known to the public information that was previously known only to a few people or that was meant to be kept a secret

cause to be distrusted or disbelieved

compare critically; of texts

situated or running side by side

belonging to or characteristic of the proletariat

a social class comprising those who do manual labor or work for wages

to wind or move in a spiral course

rotating mechanism in the form of a universally mounted spinning wheel that offers resistance to turns in any direction

a crude uncouth ill-bred person lacking culture or refinement

ill-mannered and coarse and contemptible in behavior or appearance

excessive excess

greatly exceeding bounds of reason or moderation

having an import not apparent to the senses nor obvious to the intelligence; beyond ordinary understanding

the activity of obscuring people's understanding, leaving them baffled or bewildered

an aura of heightened value or interest or meaning surrounding a person or thing

speed up the progress of; facilitate

marked by speed and efficiency