SAT Word Skills 2 - Lesson 17

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SAT Word Skills 2

a sudden or disastrous event that destroys or changes a whole region or system

Ex: Emergence of the internet sparked a cataclysm in how people share information and do business .
catalyst [noun]

a person, thing, or event that provokes or accelerates change or activity by introducing new perspectives or actions

Ex: The protest was a catalyst for the government to address long-standing issues .
catapult [noun]

a large weapon that was used in ancient times to throw stones or other objects with great force

Ex: Modern historians study the mechanics and design of ancient catapults to better understand siege warfare technologies of the past .
cataract [noun]

a large waterfall where water rushes forcefully over a height

Ex: The series of linked cataracts blocked further upstream travel along this stretch of river .

the degree of roundness exhibited by a three-dimensional object

Ex: Good sphericity enables ball bearings to roll smoothly with minimal friction , increasing their lifetime in mechanical systems .
spheroid [noun]

(geometry) a round 3D shape like a ball that is slightly flattened at the top and bottom points

Ex: The Earth is not quite a sphere but is better described as an oblate spheroid flattened at the poles .

a measuring tool used to determine the roundness of a curved surface

Ex: Opticians check the curve of contact lenses with a spherometer to ensure the proper prescription sphere is matched .
emigrant [noun]

someone who moves from one country to another with the intention of settling there permanently

Ex: Early Chinese emigrants faced hostility and racism in Gold Rush era California and other parts of North America .

to leave one's own country in order to live in a foreign country

Ex: After years of careful planning , the Smith family decided to emigrate from their homeland .

to disturb or unsettle someone, causing them to feel worried or uneasy

Ex: The sudden change in his friend 's attitude perturbed him , leaving him feeling uneasy about their relationship .

a disruption or disturbance of a normal state of mind or emotions

Ex: Financial worries were a constant perturbation to their otherwise calm peace of mind .
to baste [verb]

to temporarily stitch two pieces of fabric together with long, loose stitches that can later be easily removed

Ex: The tailor is basting the sleeve into the shirt to check the fit .
bastion [noun]

a fortified structure extending from a wall, typically angled, for defensive purposes

Ex: Arrow slits in the bastions allowed defenders to fire upon attackers gathering at the base of the fortifications .
prodigal [noun]

someone who spends or uses resources recklessly or wastefully

Ex: As prodigals , they wasted no time lavishing their windfall on frivolous pleasures that would n't last .
prodigious [adjective]

impressively great in amount or degree

Ex: The factory 's output has increased to a prodigious level this year .
prodigy [noun]

a remarkable example of a particular quality, skill, or achievement

Ex: That engine 's power output proved a prodigy of modern engineering design .
lawgiver [noun]

an individual, often a leader or authority figure, who possesses the power to create laws, particularly not directly elected by the people

Ex: Traditional societies retain respect for elders as experienced lawgivers whose rulings reflect accumulated community wisdom rather than majority will .
lawmaker [noun]

someone who can write or approve a law as a member of a legislative body, usually elected by people

Ex: Town hall meetings allowed constituents direct access to raise concerns with their elected lawmakers face to face .