Interchange - Upper-intermediate - Unit 15

Here you will find the vocabulary from Unit 15 in the Interchange Upper-Intermediate coursebook, such as "plagiarism", "inadequate", "controversial", etc.

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Interchange - Upper-intermediate

to formally forbid something from being done, particularly by law

Ex:
law [noun]

a country's rules that all of its citizens are required to obey

Ex: They studied constitutional law in law school .
to pass [verb]

to make or accept a law by voting or by decree

Ex: The first Transport Act was passed in 1907 .
unmarried [adjective]

not having a legal or official romantic partner

Ex: He 's currently unmarried but hopes to find a partner someday .

the activity of jumping down from a flying plane with a parachute

Ex:
illegal [adjective]

forbidden by the law

Ex: Crossing the border without proper documentation is considered illegal immigration .
pigeon [noun]

a bird with short legs and a short beak which typically has gray and white feathers

Ex: Pigeons gather in large flocks in city squares and parks , where they forage for food and roost in trees and on buildings .
unattended [adjective]

not being taken care of or looked after, especially due to a lack of attention or absence of a responsible person

Ex: The garden became overgrown and messy because it was left unattended for weeks .
vehicle [noun]

a means of transportation used to carry people or goods from one place to another, typically on roads or tracks

Ex: You need a license to drive a vehicle .

to act in a specific way in order to make others believe that something is the case when actually it is not so

Ex: Sometimes , pretending to be confident can help overcome nervousness in social situations .
rule [noun]

instructions or guidelines that determine how a game or sport is played

Ex: The official rules prohibit touching the ball with hands .

a rule made by the government, an authority, etc. to control or govern something within a particular area

Ex: Building regulations dictate the minimum safety standards for construction projects .

to set a piece of equipment in place and make it ready for use

Ex: Homeowners often hire professionals to install air conditioning units for proper cooling .
soundproof [adjective]

preventing sound from entering or leaving a room or space, typically through the use of special materials or construction techniques

Ex: The conference room is soundproof for private meetings .

to allow something or someone to do something

Ex: The school rules do not permit students to leave campus during lunchtime .
owner [noun]

a person, entity, or organization that possesses, controls, or has legal rights to something

Ex:
leash [noun]

a long piece of rope, leather strap or light chain used for guiding and controlling a dog or other animals

Ex: The trainer attached a leash to the collar before starting obedience training .
litter [noun]

waste such as bottles, papers, etc. that people throw on a sidewalk, park, or other public place

Ex:
helmet [noun]

a hard hat worn by soldiers, bikers, etc. for protection

Ex: The firefighter ’s heavy-duty helmet shielded him from falling debris .
controversial [adjective]

causing a lot of strong public disagreement or discussion

Ex: The controversial film explored sensitive social issues , prompting both praise and criticism from viewers .

a group of people who live in the same area

Ex: Our community holds regular meetings to discuss neighborhood issues .
issue [noun]

problems or difficulties that arise, especially in relation to a service or facility, which require resolution or attention

Ex: The hotel management addressed the issue of the malfunctioning air conditioning units .
to bully [verb]

to use power or influence to frighten or harm someone weaker or more vulnerable

Ex: The manager would bully his employees into working overtime without compensation .

the fact or condition of not having a home

Ex: The shelter provides food , warmth , and a safe space for those experiencing homelessness .
inadequate [adjective]

not meeting the expected level of quality, skill, or ability

Ex: The safety measures proved inadequate during the storm .
irregular [adjective]

not conforming to established rules, patterns, or norms

Ex: She arrived at irregular intervals to class , making it hard to catch up with the lessons .

the process of picking up garbage and waste from households or public areas for disposal or recycling

Ex:
lack [noun]

the absence or insufficiency of something, often implying a deficiency or shortage

Ex: The team 's lack of preparation led to their defeat .
affordable [adjective]

having a price that a person can pay without experiencing financial difficulties

Ex: The clothing store advertises affordable summer dresses under $ 20 .

any unwanted or excessive sound that may cause harm or disturbance to human or animal life

Ex: The government introduced new laws to reduce noise pollution .
overcrowded [adjective]

(of a space or area) filled with too many people or things, causing discomfort or lack of space

Ex: The city 's public transportation system is often overcrowded during rush hour .
stray [adjective]

(with reference to an animal) lost or wandered away from its home or natural habitat

crime [noun]

an unlawful act that is punishable by the legal system

Ex:

the illegal act of purposefully damaging a property belonging to another person or organization

Ex: Vandalism of public transportation facilities has become a growing concern for city officials .
mayor [noun]

someone who is elected to be the head of a town or city

Ex: The mayor attended the opening ceremony of the new park .
persuasive [adjective]

capable of convincing others to do or believe something particular

Ex: Her persuasive essay on climate change swayed many to adopt more environmentally friendly practices .

the act of using someone else's work or ideas without giving them proper credit or permission

Ex: His article was rejected due to plagiarism .
aside [adverb]

toward the side and away from the main path

Ex:

to think that something is probably true, especially something bad, without having proof

Ex: Considering the clouds on the horizon , I suspect it might rain this afternoon .
available [adjective]

ready for being used or acquired

Ex: The hotel offers a range of available room options to suit different budgets .

to do a particular thing that is unlawful or wrong

Ex: She admitted to committing perjury during the trial by providing false testimony under oath .
various [adjective]

several and of different types or kinds

Ex: The museum exhibits various artifacts from ancient civilizations .
article [noun]

a piece of writing about a particular subject on a website, in a newspaper, magazine, or other publication

Ex: In the fashion magazine , there was an article about the latest trends .
property [noun]

a thing or all the things that a person owns

Ex: Her property included everything from her house to her car collection .
source [noun]

a book or a document that supplies information in a research and is referred to

Ex: The article lists all its sources at the end for further reading .

(of different elements) to come together in order to shape a single unit or a group

Ex: Different colors of paint combine on the palette to create a new shade for the artist 's canvas .

to go close or closer to something or someone

Ex: The detective is approaching the crime scene to gather evidence .

a phenomenon or event that follows from and is caused by a previous action or occurrence

Ex: They discussed the potential consequences of climate change .

the act of looking after children, especially while their parents are working

Ex: The company offers on-site childcare for employees ' children .

the health services and treatments given to people

Ex: She decided to pursue a career in healthcare because she wanted to help others .