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Interchange - Upper-intermediate - Unit 15

Here you will find the vocabulary from Unit 15 in the Interchange Upper-Intermediate coursebook, such as "plagiarism", "inadequate", "controversial", etc.

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Interchange - Upper-intermediate
to prohibit

to formally forbid something from being done, particularly by law

Ex: The city council passed a law to prohibit the use of fireworks within city limits. 
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law
law
[noun]

a country's rules that all of its citizens are required to obey

Ex: Breaking the law can result in serious consequences. 
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to pass
to pass
[Verb]

to make or accept a law by voting or by decree

Ex: In 1996, Congress unanimously passed the Food Quality Protection Act. 
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unmarried
unmarried
[Adjective]

not having a legal or official romantic partner

Ex: Despite being in a long-term relationship, they remained unmarried. 
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parachuting

the activity of jumping down from a flying plane with a parachute

Ex: She felt an adrenaline rush like never before when parachuting out of an airplane for the first time. 
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illegal
illegal
[Adjective]

forbidden by the law

Ex: Selling drugs on the street is illegal and punishable by law. 
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pigeon
pigeon
[noun]

a bird with short legs and a short beak which typically has gray and white feathers

Ex: The pigeon strutted confidently along the sidewalk, pecking at scraps of food left by passersby. 
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unattended
unattended
[Adjective]

not being taken care of or looked after, especially due to a lack of attention or absence of a responsible person

Ex: The unattended bag in the airport caused a security alert. 
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vehicle
vehicle
[noun]

a means of transportation used to carry people or goods from one place to another, typically on roads or tracks

Ex: Cars, buses, and trucks are all types of vehicles. 
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to pretend

to act in a specific way in order to make others believe that something is the case when actually it is not so

Ex: He pretended to enjoy the meal, even though it didn't taste good, to avoid causing offense. 
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rule
rule
[noun]

instructions or guidelines that determine how a game or sport is played

Ex: The rules of chess dictate how each piece moves. 
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regulation

a rule made by the government, an authority, etc. to control or govern something within a particular area

Ex: The new regulations require all vehicles to undergo emissions testing annually. 
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to install

to set a piece of equipment in place and make it ready for use

Ex: To upgrade the kitchen, they hired a professional to install the new dishwasher. 
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soundproof
soundproof
[Adjective]

preventing sound from entering or leaving a room or space, typically through the use of special materials or construction techniques

Ex: The walls of the studio are soundproof to ensure quiet recording conditions. 
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to permit
to permit
[Verb]

to allow something or someone to do something

Ex: The park permits visitors to bring their own food and drinks. 
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owner
owner
[noun]

a person, entity, or organization that possesses, controls, or has legal rights to something

Ex: The owner of the building decided to renovate the entire complex. 
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leash
leash
[noun]

a long piece of rope, leather strap or light chain used for guiding and controlling a dog or other animals

Ex: She held the dog's leash tightly as they walked through the park. 
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litter
litter
[noun]

waste such as bottles, papers, etc. that people throw on a sidewalk, park, or other public place

Ex: Please don’t throw litter on the sidewalk—use the bin. 
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helmet
helmet
[noun]

a hard hat worn by soldiers, bikers, etc. for protection

Ex: The construction worker wore a bright yellow safety helmet before entering the site. 
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controversial
controversial
[Adjective]

causing a lot of strong public disagreement or discussion

Ex: The politician's controversial statements about immigration sparked heated discussions among voters. 
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community
community
[noun]

a group of people who live in the same area

Ex: The local community came together to organize a charity fundraiser. 
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issue
issue
[noun]

problems or difficulties that arise, especially in relation to a service or facility, which require resolution or attention

Ex: The internet service provider resolved the issue with the slow connection promptly. 
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to bully
to bully
[Verb]

to use power or influence to frighten or harm someone weaker or more vulnerable

Ex: The older kids would often bully the younger students, teasing them and taking their belongings. 
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homelessness

the fact or condition of not having a home

Ex: The city has launched several initiatives to reduce homelessness and provide support to those in need. 
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inadequate
inadequate
[Adjective]

not meeting the expected level of quality, skill, or ability

Ex: The report was inadequate, missing key data. 
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irregular
irregular
[Adjective]

not conforming to established rules, patterns, or norms

Ex: The irregular intervals between the train departures made it difficult for passengers to plan their trips. 
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trash collection

the process of picking up garbage and waste from households or public areas for disposal or recycling

Ex: Traffic is the main source of noise pollution in the city. 
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lack
lack
[noun]

the absence or insufficiency of something, often implying a deficiency or shortage

Ex: The lack of rainfall this year has affected crop production. 
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affordable
affordable
[Adjective]

having a price that a person can pay without experiencing financial difficulties

Ex: The new housing development offers affordable apartments for low-income families. 
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noise pollution

any unwanted or excessive sound that may cause harm or disturbance to human or animal life

Ex: Traffic is the main source of noise pollution in the city. 
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overcrowded
overcrowded
[Adjective]

(of a space or area) filled with too many people or things, causing discomfort or lack of space

Ex: The overcrowded streets made it hard to find a parking spot. 
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stray
stray
[Adjective]

(with reference to an animal) lost or wandered away from its home or natural habitat

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crime
crime
[noun]

an unlawful act that is punishable by the legal system

Ex: The police are investigating the crime that occurred last night. 
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vandalism
vandalism
[noun]

the illegal act of purposefully damaging a property belonging to another person or organization

Ex: After the vandalism of the public library, the community came together to clean and restore the damaged areas. 
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mayor
mayor
[noun]

someone who is elected to be the head of a town or city

Ex: The mayor announced new plans for public transportation. 
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persuasive
persuasive
[Adjective]

capable of convincing others to do or believe something particular

Ex: His persuasive arguments convinced the jury of the defendant's innocence. 
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plagiarism

the act of using someone else's work or ideas without giving them proper credit or permission

Ex: The student was expelled for plagiarism. 
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aside
aside
[Adverb]

toward the side and away from the main path

Ex: He gently pushed the chair aside to make space for the guests. 
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to suspect

to think that something is probably true, especially something bad, without having proof

Ex: I suspect he's been lying about where he was last night. 
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available
available
[Adjective]

ready for being used or acquired

Ex: Is there a table available for dinner reservations tonight? 
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to commit
to commit
[Verb]

to do a particular thing that is unlawful or wrong

Ex: He was arrested for attempting to commit fraud by falsifying financial documents. 
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various
various
[Adjective]

several and of different types or kinds

Ex: The store sells various types of fruits and vegetables. 
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article
article
[noun]

a piece of writing about a particular subject on a website, in a newspaper, magazine, or other publication

Ex: I found an article online that explained how to improve time management skills. 
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property
property
[noun]

a thing or all the things that a person owns

Ex: He listed all his personal property in the inventory. 
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source
source
[noun]

a book or a document that supplies information in a research and is referred to

Ex: The historian cited an ancient manuscript as her primary source. 
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to combine

(of different elements) to come together in order to shape a single unit or a group

Ex: During the brainstorming session, ideas from team members combine to shape a comprehensive plan. 
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to approach

to go close or closer to something or someone

Ex: She approached the podium with confidence before giving her speech. 
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consequence

a phenomenon or event that follows from and is caused by a previous action or occurrence

Ex: Flooding was a consequence of the heavy rains. 
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childcare
childcare
[noun]

the act of looking after children, especially while their parents are working

Ex: Childcare can be expensive in urban areas. 
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healthcare

the health services and treatments given to people

Ex: Access to affordable healthcare is a major concern for many families in the country. 
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Interchange - Upper-intermediate
Unit 15Unit 16
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