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Aklat Interchange - Itaas na Intermediate - Yunit 15

Here you will find the vocabulary from Unit 15 in the Interchange Upper-Intermediate coursebook, such as "plagiarism", "inadequate", "controversial", etc.

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Interchange - Upper-intermediate
to prohibit
[Pandiwa]

to formally forbid something from being done, particularly by law

ipagbawal, bawalan

ipagbawal, bawalan

Ex: The regulations prohibit parking in front of fire hydrants to ensure easy access for emergency vehicles .Ang mga regulasyon ay **nagbabawal** sa pag-park sa harap ng mga fire hydrant upang matiyak ang madaling access para sa mga emergency vehicle.
law
[Pangngalan]

a country's rules that all of its citizens are required to obey

batas, ley

batas, ley

Ex: It 's important to know your rights under the law.Mahalagang malaman ang iyong mga karapatan sa ilalim ng **batas**.
to pass
[Pandiwa]

to make or accept a law by voting or by decree

ipasa, aprubahan

ipasa, aprubahan

Ex: The United Nations Security Council has passed a resolution asking the two countries to resume peace negotiations .Ang United Nations Security Council ay **nagpasa** ng isang resolusyon na humihiling sa dalawang bansa na ipagpatuloy ang mga negosasyon sa kapayapaan.
unmarried
[pang-uri]

not having a legal or official romantic partner

soltero, hindi kasal

soltero, hindi kasal

Ex: Many unmarried couples choose to cohabit without formalizing their relationship through marriage .Maraming mga **hindi kasal** na mag-asawa ang pinipiling mamuhay nang magkasama nang hindi pormal na inaayos ang kanilang relasyon sa pamamagitan ng kasal.
parachuting
[Pangngalan]

the activity of jumping down from a flying plane with a parachute

parasyuting, paglundag na may parasyut

parasyuting, paglundag na may parasyut

Ex: Parachuting competitions test participants on precision landing and freefall maneuvers .Sinusubok ng mga paligsahan sa **parachuting** ang mga kalahok sa tumpak na pag-landing at mga maneuver sa freefall.
illegal
[pang-uri]

forbidden by the law

ilegal, ipinagbabawal ng batas

ilegal, ipinagbabawal ng batas

Ex: Employers who discriminate against employees based on race or gender are engaging in illegal behavior .Ang mga employer na nagtatangi laban sa mga empleyado batay sa lahi o kasarian ay nakikibahagi sa **ilegal** na pag-uugali.
pigeon
[Pangngalan]

a bird with short legs and a short beak which typically has gray and white feathers

kalapati, pigeon

kalapati, pigeon

Ex: She took a photo of a pigeon sitting on a statue .Kumuha siya ng litrato ng isang **kalapati** na nakaupo sa isang estatwa.
unattended
[pang-uri]

not being taken care of or looked after, especially due to a lack of attention or absence of a responsible person

hindi nakatutok, walang bantay

hindi nakatutok, walang bantay

Ex: The unattended store counter led to a few items being stolen .Ang **walang bantay** na counter ng tindahan ay nagdulot ng pagkawala ng ilang mga item.
vehicle
[Pangngalan]

a means of transportation used to carry people or goods from one place to another, typically on roads or tracks

sasakyan, transportasyon

sasakyan, transportasyon

Ex: The accident involved three vehicles.Ang aksidente ay may kinalaman sa tatlong **sasakyan**.
to pretend
[Pandiwa]

to act in a specific way in order to make others believe that something is the case when actually it is not so

magkunwari, magpanggap

magkunwari, magpanggap

Ex: The spy pretended to be a tourist while gathering information in a foreign country .Ang espiya ay **nagkunwari** bilang isang turista habang kumukuha ng impormasyon sa isang banyagang bansa.
rule
[Pangngalan]

an instruction that says what is or is not allowed in a given situation or while playing a game

tuntunin, panuntunan

tuntunin, panuntunan

Ex: The new rule requires everyone to wear masks in public spaces .Ang bagong **tuntunin** ay nangangailangan na lahat ay magsuot ng mask sa mga pampublikong lugar.
regulation
[Pangngalan]

a rule made by the government, an authority, etc. to control or govern something within a particular area

regulasyon, batas

regulasyon, batas

Ex: Environmental regulations limit the amount of pollutants that factories can release into the air and water .Ang mga **regulasyon** sa kapaligiran ay naglilimita sa dami ng mga pollutant na maaaring ilabas ng mga pabrika sa hangin at tubig.
to install
[Pandiwa]

to set a piece of equipment in place and make it ready for use

mag-install, ikabit

mag-install, ikabit

Ex: To enhance energy efficiency , they decided to install solar panels on the roof .Upang mapahusay ang kahusayan sa enerhiya, nagpasya silang **mag-install** ng solar panels sa bubong.
soundproof
[pang-uri]

preventing sound from entering or leaving a room or space, typically through the use of special materials or construction techniques

soundproof, hindi tinatablan ng tunog

soundproof, hindi tinatablan ng tunog

Ex: He wore soundproof headphones to concentrate in the noisy environment .Suot niya ang **soundproof** na headphones para makapag-concentrate sa maingay na kapaligiran.
to permit
[Pandiwa]

to allow something or someone to do something

pahintulutan, payagan

pahintulutan, payagan

Ex: The manager permits employees to take an extra break if needed .Ang manager ay **nagpapahintulot** sa mga empleyado na kumuha ng dagdag na pahinga kung kinakailangan.
owner
[Pangngalan]

a person, entity, or organization that possesses, controls, or has legal rights to something

may-ari, nagmamay-ari

may-ari, nagmamay-ari

Ex: The software owner is responsible for maintaining and updating the application .Ang **may-ari** ng software ang responsable sa pagpapanatili at pag-update ng application.
leash
[Pangngalan]

a long piece of rope, leather strap or light chain used for guiding and controlling a dog or other animals

tali, kadena

tali, kadena

Ex: He forgot to bring a leash and had to carry the small dog in his arms .Nakalimutan niyang magdala ng **tali** at kailangan niyang buhatin ang maliit na aso sa kanyang mga bisig.
litter
[Pangngalan]

waste such as bottles, papers, etc. that people throw on a sidewalk, park, or other public place

basura, mga dumi

basura, mga dumi

Ex: The city fined him for throwing litter out of his car window .Pinagmulta siya ng lungsod dahil sa pagtapon ng **basura** mula sa bintana ng kanyang kotse.
helmet
[Pangngalan]

a hard hat worn by soldiers, bikers, etc. for protection

helmet, hard hat

helmet, hard hat

Ex: The astronaut secured her space helmet before stepping onto the launchpad.Inayos ng astronaut ang kanyang **helmet** sa kalawakan bago tumuntong sa launchpad.
controversial
[pang-uri]

causing a lot of strong public disagreement or discussion

kontrobersyal,  maingay

kontrobersyal, maingay

Ex: She made a controversial claim about the health benefits of the diet .Gumawa siya ng isang **kontrobersyal** na pahayag tungkol sa mga benepisyo sa kalusugan ng diyeta.
community
[Pangngalan]

a group of people who live in the same area

komunidad, pamayanan

komunidad, pamayanan

Ex: They moved to a new city and quickly became involved in their new community.Lumipat sila sa isang bagong lungsod at mabilis na naging kasangkot sa kanilang bagong **komunidad**.
issue
[Pangngalan]

problems or difficulties that arise, especially in relation to a service or facility, which require resolution or attention

problema, kahirapan

problema, kahirapan

Ex: The bank faced an issue with its online banking portal , causing inconvenience to users .Ang bangko ay nakaranas ng **problema** sa online banking portal nito, na nagdulot ng abala sa mga gumagamit.
to bully
[Pandiwa]

to use power or influence to frighten or harm someone weaker or more vulnerable

pang-api, manakot

pang-api, manakot

Ex: The online troll would bully people on social media , leaving hurtful comments and spreading negativity .Ang online troll ay **nambu-bully** sa mga tao sa social media, nag-iiwan ng masasakit na komento at nagkakalat ng negatibidad.
homelessness
[Pangngalan]

the fact or condition of not having a home

kawalan ng tahanan, pagiging walang bahay

kawalan ng tahanan, pagiging walang bahay

Ex: She dedicated her career to raising awareness about homelessness and advocating for policy changes .Inialay niya ang kanyang karera sa pagpapataas ng kamalayan tungkol sa **kawalan ng tirahan** at pagtataguyod ng mga pagbabago sa patakaran.
inadequate
[pang-uri]

not having the required amount or quality

hindi sapat, hindi angkop

hindi sapat, hindi angkop

Ex: The hospital faced criticism for its inadequate medical supplies .Ang ospital ay nakaharap sa pagpuna dahil sa **hindi sapat** na mga suplay medikal nito.
irregular
[pang-uri]

not conforming to established rules, patterns, or norms

hindi regular, hindi pangkaraniwan

hindi regular, hindi pangkaraniwan

Ex: Her irregular speech pattern puzzled her colleagues , who found it difficult to understand her .Ang kanyang **hindi regular** na pattern ng pagsasalita ay nagtaka sa kanyang mga kasamahan, na nahirapang intindihin siya.
trash collection
[Pangngalan]

the process of picking up garbage and waste from households or public areas for disposal or recycling

koleksyon ng basura, pagtitipon ng basura

koleksyon ng basura, pagtitipon ng basura

Ex: Many people move to rural areas to escape noise pollution.Maraming tao ang lumilipat sa mga lugar na rural upang makatakas sa polusyon sa ingay.
lack
[Pangngalan]

the absence or insufficiency of something, often implying a deficiency or shortage

kakulangan, kawalan

kakulangan, kawalan

Ex: The community faced a severe lack of healthcare resources .Ang komunidad ay nakaranas ng malubhang **kakulangan** ng mga mapagkukunan ng pangangalagang pangkalusugan.
affordable
[pang-uri]

having a price that a person can pay without experiencing financial difficulties

abot-kaya, kaya ng bulsa

abot-kaya, kaya ng bulsa

Ex: The online retailer specializes in affordable electronic gadgets and accessories .Ang online retailer ay dalubhasa sa mga **abot-kayang** electronic gadget at accessories.
noise pollution
[Pangngalan]

any unwanted or excessive sound that may cause harm or disturbance to human or animal life

polusyon sa ingay, polusyon ng ingay

polusyon sa ingay, polusyon ng ingay

Ex: Experts warn that noise pollution impacts mental health .Babala ng mga eksperto na ang **polusyon sa ingay** ay nakakaapekto sa kalusugan ng isip.
overcrowded
[pang-uri]

(of a space or area) filled with too many people or things, causing discomfort or lack of space

sobrang siksikan, puno ng tao

sobrang siksikan, puno ng tao

Ex: The train was overcrowded, and there was barely enough room to stand .Ang tren ay **sobrang puno**, at halos walang sapat na puwang para tumayo.
stray
[pang-uri]

(with reference to an animal) lost or wandered away from its home or natural habitat

ligaw, nawawala

ligaw, nawawala

crime
[Pangngalan]

an unlawful act that is punishable by the legal system

krimen,  kasalanan

krimen, kasalanan

Ex: The increase in violent crime has made residents feel unsafe .Ang pagtaas ng marahas na **krimen** ay nagpafeeling unsafe sa mga residente.
vandalism
[Pangngalan]

the illegal act of purposefully damaging a property belonging to another person or organization

pambababoy

pambababoy

Ex: Volunteers organized a cleanup effort to repair the damage caused by vandalism in the local park .Ang mga boluntaryo ay nag-organisa ng isang cleanup effort upang ayusin ang pinsala na dulot ng **vandalism** sa lokal na parke.
mayor
[Pangngalan]

someone who is elected to be the head of a town or city

alkalde, punong-lungsod

alkalde, punong-lungsod

Ex: A new mayor will be chosen in the upcoming election .Isang bagong **alkalde** ang pipiliin sa darating na eleksyon.
persuasive
[pang-uri]

capable of convincing others to do or believe something particular

nakakahimok, nakakumbinsi

nakakahimok, nakakumbinsi

Ex: The speaker gave a persuasive argument that won over the audience .Ang nagsasalita ay nagbigay ng **nakakumbinsi** na argumento na nakuha ang loob ng madla.
plagiarism
[Pangngalan]

the act of using someone else's work or ideas without giving them proper credit or permission

pangongopya, pandaraya

pangongopya, pandaraya

Ex: Many universities use software to check for plagiarism.Maraming unibersidad ang gumagamit ng software upang suriin ang **plagiarism**.
aside
[pang-abay]

toward the side and away from the main path

sa tabi, palayo

sa tabi, palayo

Ex: She cleared the clutter off the table and pushed it aside.Inalis niya ang kalat sa mesa at itinulak ito **palayo**.
to suspect
[Pandiwa]

to think that something is probably true, especially something bad, without having proof

maghinala, hinalaan

maghinala, hinalaan

Ex: They suspect the company may be hiding some important information .**Pinaghihinalaan** nila na maaaring may itinatago ang kumpanya ng ilang mahalagang impormasyon.
available
[pang-uri]

ready for being used or acquired

available, libre

available, libre

Ex: We have made the necessary documents available for download on our website .Ginawa naming **available** ang mga kinakailangang dokumento para ma-download sa aming website.
to commit
[Pandiwa]

to do a particular thing that is unlawful or wrong

gumawa, isagawa

gumawa, isagawa

Ex: The hacker was apprehended for committing cybercrimes , including unauthorized access to sensitive information .Nahuli ang hacker dahil sa **pagkasala** ng mga cybercrime, kasama ang hindi awtorisadong pag-access sa sensitibong impormasyon.
various
[pang-uri]

several and of different types or kinds

iba't ibang, marami

iba't ibang, marami

Ex: The library offers various genres of books to cater to different interests .Ang aklatan ay nag-aalok ng **iba't ibang** uri ng mga libro upang matugunan ang iba't ibang interes.
article
[Pangngalan]

a piece of writing about a particular subject on a website, in a newspaper, magazine, or other publication

artikulo, sulat

artikulo, sulat

Ex: The science journal published an article on recent discoveries in space exploration .Ang journal ng agham ay naglathala ng isang **artikulo** tungkol sa mga kamakailang tuklas sa paggalugad ng espasyo.
property
[Pangngalan]

a thing or all the things that a person owns

ari-arian, pag-aari

ari-arian, pag-aari

Ex: She inherited a large amount of property from her grandparents .Nagmana siya ng malaking halaga ng **ari-arian** mula sa kanyang mga lolo't lola.
source
[Pangngalan]

a book or a document that supplies information in a research and is referred to

pinagmulan, sanggunian

pinagmulan, sanggunian

Ex: Wikipedia is not always a reliable source for academic work .Ang Wikipedia ay hindi laging isang maaasahang **pinagmulan** para sa akademikong gawain.
to combine
[Pandiwa]

(of different elements) to come together in order to shape a single unit or a group

pagsamahin, pag-isahin

pagsamahin, pag-isahin

Ex: In team sports , individual skills and strategies combine to achieve victory on the field .Sa mga isports ng koponan, ang mga indibidwal na kasanayan at estratehiya ay **nagkakaisa** upang makamit ang tagumpay sa larangan.
to approach
[Pandiwa]

to go close or closer to something or someone

lumapit, mag-approach

lumapit, mag-approach

Ex: Last night , the police approached the suspect 's house with caution .Kagabi, **lumapit** ang pulisya sa bahay ng suspek nang maingat.
consequence
[Pangngalan]

a result, particularly an unpleasant one

konsikwensya, bunga

konsikwensya, bunga

Ex: He was unprepared for the financial consequences of his spending habits .Hindi siya handa para sa mga **konsekwensya** sa pananalapi ng kanyang mga gawi sa paggastos.
childcare
[Pangngalan]

the act of looking after children, especially while their parents are working

pangangalaga sa bata, daycare

pangangalaga sa bata, daycare

Ex: Some parents prefer home-based childcare over daycare centers .Ang ilang mga magulang ay mas gusto ang home-based na **pangangalaga ng bata** kaysa sa mga daycare center.
healthcare
[Pangngalan]

the health services and treatments given to people

pangangalagang pangkalusugan, serbisyong pangkalusugan

pangangalagang pangkalusugan, serbisyong pangkalusugan

Ex: Advances in technology have revolutionized modern healthcare, making treatments more effective and accessible .Ang mga pagsulong sa teknolohiya ay nagrebolusyon sa modernong **pangangalagang pangkalusugan**, na ginawang mas epektibo at naa-access ang mga paggamot.
Aklat Interchange - Itaas na Intermediate
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