ভাষাতত্ত্ব - Sociolinguistics

the spoken form of a language specific to a certain region or people which is slightly different from the standard form in words and grammar

বাক্যভঙ্গি

a manner of speaking that indicates social class, nationality, or locality of the speaker

উচ্চারণ, স্বরের সুর

the everyday language spoken by a particular group of people in a specific region or community

বর্নাকুলার, দেশীয় ভাষা

a regulated and accepted form of a language that is widely used in formal settings, education, government, and media

মানক ভাষা, নিয়মিত ভাষা

(linguistics) a variety of language that is used in a particular social context, based on the communicative purpose and social status of the user

রেজিস্টার, ভাষার রেজিস্টার

words, phrases, and expressions used by a specific group or profession, which are incomprehensible to others

জার্গন, বিশেষ বক্তৃতা

the unique language variety or style of an individual speaker

আইডিওলেক্ট, আইডিওলেক্ট (একক বক্তার অনন্য ভাষার বৈচিত্র্য)

the phenomenon in which multiple forms or variants of a linguistic element, such as a phoneme, morpheme, or word, can be used interchangeably without affecting the meaning or grammaticality of a sentence

মুক্ত ভিন্নতা, নির্বাচনীয় ভিন্নতা

a variety of a language that is spoken in a specific geographical region

আঞ্চলিক উপভাষা, স্থানীয় উপভাষা

a variation of a language associated with a specific social group or class, characterized by distinct linguistic features influenced by social factors

সামাজিক উপভাষা, সামাজিক ভাষার পরিবর্তন

the first language or mother tongue that a person acquires naturally from birth or early childhood and is typically the language they are most proficient in

মাতৃভাষা, স্থানীয় ভাষা

the social value and perceived status associated with a particular language, dialect, or speech variety

প্রতিষ্ঠা, সম্মান

a prestigious and historically influential accent and pronunciation variant of Standard British English, commonly associated with educated speakers in the United Kingdom

প্রাপ্ত উচ্চারণ, মানক উচ্চারণ

a group of people who share a common language or variety of a language and interact with one another using that language or variety

ভাষা সম্প্রদায়, বক্তৃতা সম্প্রদায়

the ability of speakers of different but related languages or dialects to understand each other to a certain degree due to similarities in their linguistic structures and vocabulary

পারস্পরিক বোঝাপড়া, মিউচুয়াল ইন্টেলিজিবিলিটি

a geographic boundary that marks the linguistic feature or variation in pronunciation, vocabulary, or grammar between different dialects or language varieties

ইজোগ্লস, ভাষাগত সীমানা

a sociolinguistic situation where two distinct varieties or registers of a language are used in different social contexts or for different purposes, typically one being a high-prestige, formal variety and the other a low-prestige, informal variety

ডিগ্লসিয়া

the process of reducing linguistic differences between dialects, resulting in a more standardized variety of a language

অভাষার সমতলীকরণ, ভাষার সমমিতি

a group of closely related dialects that share significant linguistic similarities, often found in a specific geographical or cultural region

উপভাষা গুচ্ছ, গোত্রীয় উপভাষা

a language or a simplified communication system that is used as a common means of communication between speakers of different native languages

লিঙ্গুয়া ফ্রাঙ্কা, জীবন্ত যোগাযোগের ভাষা

a set of interconnected or related language varieties, including dialects, registers, and other linguistic variants, that are used by a particular speech community or within a specific linguistic context

ডায়াসিস্টেম

a range of dialects that are mutually intelligible to some degree, where each adjacent dialect shares similarities and gradually transitions into the next one

উপভাষাগত চলমানতা, উপভাষার ক্রম

a simplified language made up of two or more languages used as a means of communication among people who do not share a common language but need to talk, for example for trading

পিডজিন

the process in which a simplified form of language, known as a pidgin, emerges as a means of communication between groups of people who do not share a common language

পিডজিনাইজেশন, পিডজিন এই প্রক্রিয়া

a constructed language designed to serve as a communication tool within a specific geographic region or zone

জোনাল সহায়ক ভাষা, অঞ্চলীয় সহায়ক ভাষা

a language that has been evolved from a mixture of a European and a local language, spoken as a mother tongue

ক্রীয়োল, ক্রেওল ভাষা

the process through which a new language, known as a creole, emerges as a result of contact between different languages, typically in situations of colonization, slavery, or migration

ক্রীল ভাষার সৃষ্টি, ক্রীলায়ন প্রক্রিয়া

the process whereby a creole language undergoes changes that make it more similar to its lexifier language or other dominant languages in the surrounding linguistic environment

ডেক্রিওলাইজেশন, ডেক্রিওলার প্রক্রিয়া

the spectrum of language varieties that emerge and evolve in a community following the formation of a creole language, ranging from more creole-like forms to more standard-like forms

পোস্ট-ক্রীল কন্টিনিউয়াম, পোস্ট-ক্রীল বর্ণালী

a constructed language that aims to resemble and function like a natural language, typically developed with the goal of facilitating international communication and cultural exchange

প্রাকৃতিক পরিকল্পিত ভাষা, নির্মিত প্রাকৃতিক ভাষা

the movement or desire for a particular linguistic group to secede or break away from a larger language or linguistic community to establish their own independent language or dialect

ভাষায় বিচ্ছিন্নতাবাদ, ভাষার বিচ্ছিন্নতা

the phenomenon of switching between two or more languages or language varieties within a conversation or discourse, often influenced by social, cultural, or linguistic factors

কোড সুইচিং, ভাষা পরিবর্তন

a distinct form or type of a language, such as a regional variety, social variety, or stylistic variety, which may differ in terms of pronunciation, vocabulary, grammar, and usage

প্রকার, প্রনালী

the main language that makes it difficult to learn or understand a simplified language that developed from a mix of different languages

লেক্সিফায়ার

the phenomenon of changing one's language or speech style based on different social contexts, audiences, or situations, often involving the use of different registers, dialects, or levels of formality

শৈলী পরিবর্তন, শৈলীর বৈচিত্র্য

the social value or status attached to non-standard or stigmatized forms of language, often within specific subcultures or communities, despite their lack of recognition or validation in broader society

গোপন মর্যাদা, অদৃশ্য মর্যাদা

a language that is native to a particular region or territory and has been traditionally spoken by the indigenous or native population of that area

আদি ভাষা, স্থানীয় ভাষা

words or expressions that are very informal and more common in spoken form, used especially by a particular group of people, such as criminals, children, etc.

স্ল্যাং, অলংকারিক শব্দ

words, expressions, or topics that are considered socially or culturally inappropriate or offensive and are typically avoided or restricted in polite conversation

তাবু ভাষা, নিষিদ্ধ শব্দ

the English language as used in the United Kingdom

ব্রিটিশ ইংরেজি, যুক্তরাজ্যের ইংরেজি

the variety of English language used primarily in the United States, characterized by its distinct pronunciation, vocabulary, and grammar conventions

আমেরিকান ইংরেজি, যুক্তরাষ্ট্রের ইংরেজি

a variety of English spoken predominantly by African Americans in the United States

এবোনিক্স, আফ্রো-আমেরিকান ইংরেজি

an individual who is proficient in and able to switch between two distinct dialects or varieties of a language, typically based on regional or social factors

দ্বিদলীয় , দ্বৈত উপভাষিক

a linguistic phenomenon where speakers or writers overcompensate for a perceived error or nonstandard usage by using a form that is actually incorrect or nonstandard

অতিরিক্ত সংশোধন

a linguistic feature that distinguishes between formal and informal forms of address in language, often indicating social status or hierarchy

টি-বি পার্থক্য, গাম্ভীর্য ও অগম্ভীর্য পার্থক্য

a word, phrase, or grammatical construction that is borrowed from the English language into another language

অ্যাংলিকিজম, ইংরেজি থেকে ধারকরা শব্দ

a word, phrase, pronunciation, or cultural trait that is specific to or associated with British English or British culture

ব্রিটিশিজম, ব্রিটিশ শব্দ

speech in which every declarative clause, sentence, etc. ends with a rising intonation, as if a question

উত্তোরধ্বনি, জিজ্ঞাসা উচ্চারণ

the linguistic system that emerges during second language acquisition, characterized by a combination of the learner's native language and the target language, incorporating both correct and incorrect features as the learner progresses towards proficiency

মধ্যভাষা, অন্তর্বাসা

the intentional actions taken to shape or control how a language is used in a community or society

ভাষা পরিকল্পনা, ভাষার ব্যবস্থাপনা

the process of evaluating an individual's language proficiency or abilities through various tests, examinations, or evaluations

ভাষা মূল্যায়ন, ভাষার মূল্যায়ন

a word or phrase with a predetermined meaning that is used instead of the usual name or word for something

কোড শব্দ, রহস্য শব্দ

the advocacy or belief in preserving or purifying a language by purging it of foreign or non-standard elements, often aiming for linguistic preservation and cultural identity

ভাষাগত খাঁটি ভাবনা, ভাষা শুদ্ধীকরণ

a distinct layer or level within a language system, such as different dialects, sociolects, or registers, that are associated with specific social groups, regions, or levels of formality

স্তর, স্তরবিশেষ

the linguistic influence of a less prestigious language on a dominant language in contact, resulting in the adoption or transfer of phonological, morphological, syntactic, or lexical features

সাবস্ট্রেট, সাবস্ট্র্যাট