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Slovní zásoba pro IELTS Academic (Skóre 6-7) - Politics

Zde se naučíte některá anglická slova související s politikou, která jsou nezbytná pro akademickou zkoušku IELTS.

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Vocabulary for Academic IELTS (6-7)
democracy
democracy
[Podstatné jméno]

a form of government where the power is vested in the hands of the people, either directly or through elected representatives

demokracie

demokracie

Ex: In a democracy, all citizens have the right to express their opinions freely and participate in decision-making processes. 
referendum
referendum
[Podstatné jméno]

a vote in which all the people of a country are asked to decide on one political question

referendum, lidové hlasování

referendum, lidové hlasování

Ex: Many people voted in the referendum. 
federalism
federalism
[Podstatné jméno]

a political system in which a central government controls the affairs of each self-governed state

federalismus

federalismus

Ex: Federalism allows for a division of powers between the national government and state governments, promoting a balance of authority. 
regime
regime
[Podstatné jméno]

a system of governing that is authoritarian and usually not selected in a fair election

režim, autoritativní vláda

režim, autoritativní vláda

Ex: The previous regime was known for its human rights violations. 
ideology
ideology
[Podstatné jméno]

a set of beliefs or principles that guide a community or nation

ideologie, doktrína

ideologie, doktrína

Ex: The nation's founding ideology emphasized freedom and equality for all. 
lobbyist
lobbyist
[Podstatné jméno]

someone who attempts to persuade politicians to agree or disagree with a law being made or changed

lobbista, vlivný agent

lobbista, vlivný agent

opposition
opposition
[Podstatné jméno]

the main political party opposed to the government

opozice

opozice

Ex: The opposition criticized the government's handling of the economic crisis. 
monarchy
monarchy
[Podstatné jméno]

a system of government or a country or state that is ruled by a king or queen

monarchie, království

monarchie, království

Ex: The monarchy has existed in the country for centuries, with the king serving as the head of state. 
constituency
constituency
[Podstatné jméno]

a group of people in a specific area who elect a representative to a legislative position

volební obvod, voličstvo

volební obvod, voličstvo

Ex: The candidate promised to address the concerns of their entire constituency. 
faction
faction
[Podstatné jméno]

arguments and disagreements between small groups of people within a political party or an organization

frakce,  rozdělení

frakce, rozdělení

ballot
ballot
[Podstatné jméno]

a document listing the options or candidates used in voting

hlasovací lístek, hlas

hlasovací lístek, hlas

Ex: Voters received their ballot at the polling station. 
coalition
coalition
[Podstatné jméno]

an alliance between two or more countries or between political parties when forming a government or during elections

koalice, aliance

koalice, aliance

Ex: The coalition government was formed by two major political parties to ensure stability and consensus on key policy issues. 
propaganda
propaganda
[Podstatné jméno]

information and statements that are mostly biased and false and are used to promote a political cause or leader

propaganda

propaganda

Ex: The regime used propaganda to control the narrative and maintain public support. 
to boycott
to boycott
[sloveso]

to refuse to buy, use, or participate in something as a way to show disapproval or to try to bring about a change

bojkotovat, zúčastnit se bojkotu

bojkotovat, zúčastnit se bojkotu

Ex: Many customers boycotted the store after its poor customer service. 
embargo
embargo
[Podstatné jméno]

an official order according to which any commercial activity with a particular country is banned

embargo, obchodní zákaz

embargo, obchodní zákaz

socialism
socialism
[Podstatné jméno]

an economic system in which the state owns and manages major resources, industries, or capital

socialismus, kolektivismus

socialismus, kolektivismus

Ex: Socialism ensures that public assets benefit the population. 
capitalism
capitalism
[Podstatné jméno]

an economic and political system in which industry, businesses, and properties belong to the private sector rather than the government

kapitalismus, kapitalistický systém

kapitalismus, kapitalistický systém

Ex: Capitalism is an economic system where private individuals and businesses own the means of production and operate for profit. 
patriotism
patriotism
[Podstatné jméno]

the feeling of love or devotion toward one's country, its values, culture, history, and interests

vlastenectví

vlastenectví

Ex: John's unwavering patriotism led him to serve in the military, defending his country's values and freedoms. 
liberalism
liberalism
[Podstatné jméno]

the political belief that promotes personal freedom, democracy, gradual changes in society, and free trade

liberalismus, liberální doktrína

liberalismus, liberální doktrína

Ex: Liberalism emphasizes the importance of individual rights and freedoms, advocating for a society where people can express their views openly. 
communism
communism
[Podstatné jméno]

a political system in which the government controls all industry, every citizen is equally treated, and private ownership does not exist

komunismus, komunistický systém

komunismus, komunistický systém

Ex: Communism is a political and economic ideology advocating for a classless society where the means of production are owned collectively. 
regulation
regulation
[Podstatné jméno]

a rule made by the government, an authority, etc. to control or govern something within a particular area

nařízení, regulace

nařízení, regulace

Ex: The new regulations require all vehicles to undergo emissions testing annually. 
clause
clause
[Podstatné jméno]

a separate part of a legal document that requires or talks about something specific

klauzule, článek

klauzule, článek

Ex: The rental agreement includes a clause specifying the responsibilities of both the landlord and the tenant. 
to revoke
to revoke
[sloveso]

to officially cancel or withdraw something, such as a law, a decision, a license, or a privilege

zrušit, odvolat

zrušit, odvolat

Ex: The board of directors voted unanimously to revoke the CEO's authority following a series of financial scandals. 
to legislate
to legislate
[sloveso]

to create or bring laws into effect through a formal process

legislativně působit, přijímat zákony

legislativně působit, přijímat zákony

Ex: They are currently legislating new measures to address environmental concerns. 
to regulate
to regulate
[sloveso]

to control or adjust something in a way that agrees with rules and regulations

regulovat, kontrolovat

regulovat, kontrolovat

Ex: The government agency works to regulate environmental policies to protect natural resources. 
to enact
to enact
[sloveso]

to approve a proposed law

schválit, přijmout

schválit, přijmout

Ex: The legislature voted to enact new regulations governing environmental protection. 
to censure
to censure
[sloveso]

to strongly criticize in an official manner

kritizovat, pokárat

kritizovat, pokárat

Ex: The teacher had to censure a student who consistently disrupted the class. 
conservatism
conservatism
[Podstatné jméno]

a political belief with an inclination to keep the traditional values in a society by avoiding changes

konzervatismus

konzervatismus

Ex: Many voters align with conservatism due to its emphasis on preserving traditional values. 
to legitimatize

to make something lawful, acceptable, or valid

legitimizovat, učinit zákonným

legitimizovat, učinit zákonným

Ex: The government sought to legitimize the new law by obtaining approval from the legislature. 
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