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Vocabular pentru IELTS Academic (Scor 6-7) - Politics

Aici, vei învăța câteva cuvinte în engleză legate de politică care sunt necesare pentru examenul academic IELTS.

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Vocabulary for Academic IELTS (6-7)
democracy
democracy
[substantiv]

a form of government where the power is vested in the hands of the people, either directly or through elected representatives

democrație

democrație

Ex: In a democracy, all citizens have the right to express their opinions freely and participate in decision-making processes. 
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referendum
referendum
[substantiv]

a vote in which all the people of a country are asked to decide on one political question

referendum, consultare populară

referendum, consultare populară

Ex: Many people voted in the referendum. 
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federalism
federalism
[substantiv]

a political system in which a central government controls the affairs of each self-governed state

federalism

federalism

Ex: Federalism allows for a division of powers between the national government and state governments, promoting a balance of authority. 
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regime
regime
[substantiv]

a system of governing that is authoritarian and usually not selected in a fair election

regim, guvern autoritar

regim, guvern autoritar

Ex: The previous regime was known for its human rights violations. 
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ideology
ideology
[substantiv]

a set of beliefs or principles that guide a community or nation

ideologie, doctrină

ideologie, doctrină

Ex: The nation's founding ideology emphasized freedom and equality for all. 
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lobbyist
lobbyist
[substantiv]

someone who attempts to persuade politicians to agree or disagree with a law being made or changed

lobbyist, agent de influență

lobbyist, agent de influență

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opposition
opposition
[substantiv]

the main political party opposed to the government

opozitie

opozitie

Ex: The opposition criticized the government's handling of the economic crisis. 
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monarchy
monarchy
[substantiv]

a system of government or a country or state that is ruled by a king or queen

monarhie, regat

monarhie, regat

Ex: The monarchy has existed in the country for centuries, with the king serving as the head of state. 
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constituency
constituency
[substantiv]

a group of people in a specific area who elect a representative to a legislative position

circumscripție electorală, electorat

circumscripție electorală, electorat

Ex: The candidate promised to address the concerns of their entire constituency. 
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faction
faction
[substantiv]

arguments and disagreements between small groups of people within a political party or an organization

facțiune,  diviziune

facțiune, diviziune

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ballot
ballot
[substantiv]

a document listing the options or candidates used in voting

buletin de vot, vot

buletin de vot, vot

Ex: Voters received their ballot at the polling station. 
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coalition
coalition
[substantiv]

an alliance between two or more countries or between political parties when forming a government or during elections

coaliție, alianță

coaliție, alianță

Ex: The coalition government was formed by two major political parties to ensure stability and consensus on key policy issues. 
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propaganda
propaganda
[substantiv]

information and statements that are mostly biased and false and are used to promote a political cause or leader

propagandă

propagandă

Ex: The regime used propaganda to control the narrative and maintain public support. 
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to boycott

to refuse to buy, use, or participate in something as a way to show disapproval or to try to bring about a change

boicota, a participa la un boicot

boicota, a participa la un boicot

Ex: Many customers boycotted the store after its poor customer service. 
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embargo
embargo
[substantiv]

an official order according to which any commercial activity with a particular country is banned

embargo, interzicere comercială

embargo, interzicere comercială

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socialism
socialism
[substantiv]

an economic system in which the state owns and manages major resources, industries, or capital

socialism, colectivism

socialism, colectivism

Ex: Socialism ensures that public assets benefit the population. 
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capitalism
capitalism
[substantiv]

an economic and political system in which industry, businesses, and properties belong to the private sector rather than the government

capitalism, sistem capitalist

capitalism, sistem capitalist

Ex: Capitalism is an economic system where private individuals and businesses own the means of production and operate for profit. 
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patriotism
patriotism
[substantiv]

the feeling of love or devotion toward one's country, its values, culture, history, and interests

patriotism

patriotism

Ex: John's unwavering patriotism led him to serve in the military, defending his country's values and freedoms. 
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liberalism
liberalism
[substantiv]

the political belief that promotes personal freedom, democracy, gradual changes in society, and free trade

liberalism, doctrina liberală

liberalism, doctrina liberală

Ex: Liberalism emphasizes the importance of individual rights and freedoms, advocating for a society where people can express their views openly. 
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communism
communism
[substantiv]

a political system in which the government controls all industry, every citizen is equally treated, and private ownership does not exist

comunism, sistem comunist

comunism, sistem comunist

Ex: Communism is a political and economic ideology advocating for a classless society where the means of production are owned collectively. 
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regulation
regulation
[substantiv]

a rule made by the government, an authority, etc. to control or govern something within a particular area

regulament, reglementare

regulament, reglementare

Ex: The new regulations require all vehicles to undergo emissions testing annually. 
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clause
clause
[substantiv]

a separate part of a legal document that requires or talks about something specific

clauză, articol

clauză, articol

Ex: The rental agreement includes a clause specifying the responsibilities of both the landlord and the tenant. 
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to revoke
to revoke
[verb]

to officially cancel or withdraw something, such as a law, a decision, a license, or a privilege

revoca, anula

revoca, anula

Ex: The board of directors voted unanimously to revoke the CEO's authority following a series of financial scandals. 
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to legislate

to create or bring laws into effect through a formal process

a legifera, a elabora legi

a legifera, a elabora legi

Ex: They are currently legislating new measures to address environmental concerns. 
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to regulate

to control or adjust something in a way that agrees with rules and regulations

reglementa, controla

reglementa, controla

Ex: The government agency works to regulate environmental policies to protect natural resources. 
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to enact
to enact
[verb]

to approve a proposed law

adopta, promulga

adopta, promulga

Ex: The legislature voted to enact new regulations governing environmental protection. 
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to censure

to strongly criticize in an official manner

a mustra, a critica

a mustra, a critica

Ex: The teacher had to censure a student who consistently disrupted the class. 
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conservatism
conservatism
[substantiv]

a political belief with an inclination to keep the traditional values in a society by avoiding changes

conservatorism

conservatorism

Ex: Many voters align with conservatism due to its emphasis on preserving traditional values. 
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to legitimatize

to make something lawful, acceptable, or valid

legitima, face legal

legitima, face legal

Ex: The government sought to legitimize the new law by obtaining approval from the legislature. 
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