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Vocabular pentru IELTS Academic (Scor 6-7) - Politică

Aici, vei învăța câteva cuvinte în engleză legate de politică care sunt necesare pentru examenul academic IELTS.

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Vocabulary for Academic IELTS (6-7)
democracy
democracy
[substantiv]

a form of government where the power is vested in the hands of the people, either directly or through elected representatives

democrație

democrație

Ex: The democracy allows citizens to participate in free and fair elections. 
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referendum
referendum
[substantiv]

a public vote in which people in a country or area decide or express their opinion on an important political or social question

referendum,  plebiscit

referendum, plebiscit

Ex: The government announced a referendum on the proposed constitutional change. 
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federalism
federalism
[substantiv]

a political system in which a central government controls the affairs of each self-governed state

federalism

federalism

Ex: Federalism allows for a division of powers between the national government and state governments, promoting a balance of authority. 

Federalismul permite o împărțire a puterilor între guvernul național și guvernele statelor, promovând un echilibru al autorității.

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regime
regime
[substantiv]

a system of governing that is authoritarian and usually not selected in a fair election

regim, guvern autoritar

regim, guvern autoritar

Ex: The previous regime was known for its human rights violations. 
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ideology
ideology
[substantiv]

a system of beliefs or principles on which the views and actions of a group, society, or political organization are based

ideologie

ideologie

Ex: The movement developed an ideology centered on individual freedom. 
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lobbyist
lobbyist
[substantiv]

someone who attempts to persuade politicians to agree or disagree with a law being made or changed

lobbyist, agent de influență

lobbyist, agent de influență

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opposition
opposition
[substantiv]

the main political party opposed to the government

opozitie

opozitie

Ex: The leader of the opposition promised to hold the government accountable for its actions. 
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monarchy
monarchy
[substantiv]

a system of government or a country or state that is ruled by a king or queen

monarhie, regat

monarhie, regat

Ex: The monarchy has existed in the country for centuries, with the king serving as the head of state. 

Monarhia există în țară de secole, regele servind ca șef al statului.

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constituency
constituency
[substantiv]

the people in a particular area who are represented by an elected member of a parliament or legislature

circumscripție electorală,  electorat

circumscripție electorală, electorat

Ex: The representative regularly meets with members of her constituency. 
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faction
faction
[substantiv]

conflict or disagreement between opposing groups within an organization or community

Ex: Years of faction weakened the organization from within. 
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ballot
ballot
[substantiv]

a document listing the options or candidates used in voting

buletin de vot, vot

buletin de vot, vot

Ex: Voters received their ballot at the polling station. 

Alegătorii și-au primit buletinul de vot la secția de votare.

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coalition
coalition
[substantiv]

an alliance of different groups, political parties, or countries formed to work together for a particular purpose

coaliție,  alianță

coaliție, alianță

Ex: The two parties formed a coalition after the election. 
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propaganda
propaganda
[substantiv]

information and statements that are mostly biased and false and are used to promote a political cause or leader

propagandă

propagandă

Ex: The regime used propaganda to control the narrative and maintain public support. 
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to boycott

to refuse to buy, use, or participate in something as a way to show disapproval or to try to bring about a change

boicota, a participa la un boicot

boicota, a participa la un boicot

Ex: Many customers boycotted the store after its poor customer service. 

Mulți clienți au boicotat magazinul după serviciul său slab pentru clienți.

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embargo
embargo
[substantiv]

an official order according to which any commercial activity with a particular country is banned

embargo, interzicere comercială

embargo, interzicere comercială

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socialism
socialism
[substantiv]

an economic and political system in which major resources and means of production are owned or controlled collectively or publicly

socialism

socialism

Ex: The country adopted elements of socialism during the twentieth century. 
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capitalism
capitalism
[substantiv]

an economic system in which property and businesses are primarily privately owned and operated for profit

capitalism

capitalism

Ex: The country's economy combines capitalism with extensive public services. 
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patriotism
patriotism
[substantiv]

the feeling of love or devotion toward one's country, its values, culture, history, and interests

patriotism

patriotism

Ex: Mary's patriotism was evident in her active participation in community service projects aimed at improving her country. 

Patriotismul Mariei era evident în participarea ei activă la proiecte de serviciu comunitar menite să îmbunătățească țara ei.

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liberalism
liberalism
[substantiv]

the political belief that promotes personal freedom, democracy, gradual changes in society, and free trade

liberalism, doctrina liberală

liberalism, doctrina liberală

Ex: Liberalism emphasizes the importance of individual rights and freedoms, advocating for a society where people can express their views openly. 

Liberalismul subliniază importanța drepturilor și libertăților individuale, pledând pentru o societate în care oamenii își pot exprima opiniile în mod deschis.

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communism
communism
[substantiv]

a political system in which the government controls all industry, every citizen is equally treated, and private ownership does not exist

comunism, sistem comunist

comunism, sistem comunist

Ex: Communism is a political and economic ideology advocating for a classless society where the means of production are owned collectively. 

Comunismul este o ideologie politică și economică care susține o societate fără clase în care mijloacele de producție sunt deținute în comun.

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regulation
regulation
[substantiv]

a rule made by the government, an authority, etc. to control or govern something within a particular area

regulament, reglementare

regulament, reglementare

Ex: Financial regulations aim to ensure fair and transparent practices in the banking industry. 
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clause
clause
[substantiv]

a separate part of a legal document that requires or talks about something specific

clauză, articol

clauză, articol

Ex: The contract contains a confidentiality clause that prohibits the disclosure of sensitive information to third parties. 
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to revoke
to revoke
[verb]

to officially cancel or withdraw something, such as a law, a decision, a license, or a privilege

revoca, anula

revoca, anula

Ex: The government decided to revoke the controversial law due to public protests. 

Guvernul a decis să revoce legea controversată din cauza protestelor publice.

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to legislate

to create or bring laws into effect through a formal process

a legifera, a elabora legi

a legifera, a elabora legi

Ex: They are currently legislating new measures to address environmental concerns. 

Ei legiferează în prezent noi măsuri pentru a aborda preocupările legate de mediu.

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to regulate

to control an activity or process by means of rules, laws, or official requirements

reglementa

reglementa

Ex: The agency regulates the sale of certain products. 
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to enact
to enact
[verb]

to approve a proposed law

adopta, promulga

adopta, promulga

Ex: The legislature voted to enact new regulations governing environmental protection. 

Legislativul a votat pentru adoptarea unor noi reglementări care guvernează protecția mediului.

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to censure

to strongly criticize in an official manner

a mustra, a critica

a mustra, a critica

Ex: The teacher had to censure a student who consistently disrupted the class. 

Profesorul a trebuit să mustreze un elev care perturba constant ora.

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conservatism
conservatism
[substantiv]

a political belief with an inclination to keep the traditional values in a society by avoiding changes

conservatorism

conservatorism

Ex: Many voters align with conservatism due to its emphasis on preserving traditional values. 

Mulți alegători se aliniază cu conservatorismul datorită accentului său pe păstrarea valorilor tradiționale.

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to legitimatize

to make something lawful, acceptable, or valid

legitima, face legal

legitima, face legal

Ex: The government sought to legitimize the new law by obtaining approval from the legislature. 

Guvernul a încercat să legitimeze noua lege prin obținerea aprobării legislativului.

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