Академический IELTS (Уровень 6-7) - Politics

a system of government based on the vote of the public who choose their representatives periodically by free election

демократия

the process by which all the people of a country have the opportunity to vote on a single political question

референдум, народное голосование

a political system in which a central government controls the affairs of each self-governed state

федерализм

a system of governing that is authoritarian and usually not selected in a fair election

режим, власть

a set of beliefs or principles that guide a community or nation

мировоззрение

someone who attempts to persuade politicians to agree or disagree with a law being made or changed

лоббист

the main political party opposed to the government

оппозиция

a system of government or a country or state that is ruled by a king or queen

монархия

a group of people in a specific area who elect a representative to a legislative position

избиратели округа

arguments and disagreements between small groups of people within a political party or an organization

фракция, разногласия

a piece of paper on which a vote is written

бюллетень

an alliance between two or more countries or between political parties when forming a government or during elections

коалиция

information and statements that are mostly biased and false and are used to promote a political cause or leader

пропаганда

to refuse to buy, use, or participate in something as a way to show disapproval or to try to bring about a change

бойкотировать

an official order according to which any commercial activity with a particular country is banned

эмбарго

a political and economic principle in which main industries are controlled by the government and that wealth is equally divided among citizens

социализм

an economic and political system in which industry, businesses, and properties belong to the private sector rather than the government

капитализм

the feeling of love or devotion toward one's country, its values, culture, history, and interests

патриотизм, национализм

the political belief that promotes personal freedom, democracy, gradual changes in society, and free trade

либерализм

a political system in which the government controls all industry, every citizen is equally treated, and private ownership does not exist

коммунизм

a rule made by the government, an authority, etc. to control or govern something within a particular area

правило, регулирование

a separate part of a legal document that requires or talks about something specific

статья, пункт

to officially cancel or withdraw something, such as a law, a decision, a license, or a privilege

отменять, аннулировать

to create or bring laws into effect through a formal process

издавать закон

to control or adjust something in a way that agrees with rules and regulations

регулировать

to approve a proposed law

принять

to strongly criticize in an official manner

порицать

a political belief with an inclination to keep the traditional values in a society by avoiding changes

консерватизм

to make something lawful, acceptable, or valid

легитимировать, узаконить