Tělo - Muskuloskeletální systém

any of the hard pieces making up the skeleton in humans and some animals

kost

a place in the body where two bones meet, enabling one of them to bend or move around

kloub, spoj

an elastic tissue that supports or connects joints in an infant and turns into skeleton during growth

chrupavka

a transformed cartilaginous structure that has undergone ossification

chrupavčitá kost, kost přeměněná na základě ossifikace

(anatomy) a strong band of tissue which connects two bones or cartilages or keeps organs in place

ligament, vaz

a fluid-filled sac that reduces friction between tissues such as bones, tendons, and muscles

burza, synoviální váček

the central part of the skeleton that includes the skull, vertebral column, and ribcage

axiální kostra, centrální kostra

a single muscle that is located along the central axis of the body, including the head, neck, and trunk

axiální sval, sval osy

a tendon in the leg that attaches the muscles of the calf to the bone of the heel

Achilova šlacha

(anatomy) an elastic cord or band that connects a muscle to a bone

šnůra

the bony structure that surrounds and provides protection for a person's or animal's brain

lebka

a piece of body tissue that is made tight or relaxed when we want to move a particular part of our body

sval

(anatomy) one of the five tendons at the back of someone's knee

sval zadní strany stehna, šlach

(anatomy) a muscle that moves a part of the body away from its normal position by contraction

abduktor

a line of connected bones going down from your neck to tail bone in the middle of the back

páteř, obratlovec

the large muscle at the front of the upper part of the arm, which flexes the forearm

biceps, sval biceps

a long flat bone at the center of the chest that connects the ribs and the shoulder girdle

hrudní kost

the bone that is just below the eye

licní kost, cheekbone

(anatomy) the structure that encloses the inner surface of the eye which consists of the muscle which makes the eye move

cilární tělísko, cilární tělo

(anatomy) a bone of the shoulder girdle that connects the breastbone to the shoulder bone

klíční kost

(anatomy) the small triangular bone at the end of the spinal column in humans or tailless primates

kostrč

either of the pair of bones that go across the top of the chest from the base of the neck to the shoulders

klíční kost, kost klíční

(anatomy) the bone structure that surrounds and protects the brain

lebka, lebeční kost

(anatomy) a large muscle, triangular in shape that covers the shoulder joint and helps the arm to abduct and rotate

deltoid, deltoidní sval

a muscle that helps a body part or limb be stretched out by contraction

extensor, sval extensor

(anatomy) the longest bone in the top part of the human leg between the hip and the knee

stehenní kost

(anatomy) a long bone in the arm that extends from the shoulder to the elbow

humerus

(anatomy) the outer and narrower of the two bones between the ankle and the knee

fíbula, kost lýtková

(anatomy) a muscle that allows one to bend a limb or body part by contraction

flexor

either of the bones that form the jaw, particularly the lower jaw

čelist, kost čelisti

a small bone that covers the front of the knee joint

čéška, patela

(anatomy) (zoology) either half of the jawbone, especially the lower jawbone that helps a vertebrate open and close its mouth

čelist, dolní čelist

(anatomy) any of the five bones of the foot between the ankle and the toes

metatarz, metatarzální kost

(biology) the overall arrangement or the system of muscles in a human or an animal's body

svalstvo, svalová soustava

(anatomy) the trapezoidal bone that is at the base and lower back of the cranium, though which the spinal cord passes

kladivková kost, kost occipitale

the singular bone located at the front of the skull, forming the forehead and upper eye sockets for structural support and protection

čelní kost

a cranial bone that forms the sides and roof of the skull, offering protection for the brain

temenní kost, parietální kost

a butterfly-shaped bone, contributing to its structure and housing important structures

klínová kost, kost ve tvaru motýla

a cranial bone located on the sides and base of the skull, housing the ear structures and contributing to jaw movement

temporalní kost, temporal (kost)

a facial bone that forms the prominence of the cheek and connects various other facial bones

lícná kost, zygoma

a facial bone that contributes to the structure of the cheek and forms part of the eye socket

skulová kost, kost lícní

a facial bone that forms the central part of the face, supporting the upper teeth

maxilla, horní čelist

(anatomy) a small bone triangular in shape that covers and protects the front part of the knee joint

paterč, kolenní čéška

(anatomy) the large round bone structure that the limbs and the spine are joined to, which also protects the abdominal organs

pánev, pánve

(anatomy) any of the four large muscles at the front of the thigh that allow the knee joint to stretch

kvadriceps, čtyřhlavý sval stehna

a muscle at the front of the thigh that helps the knee joint stretch

kvadriceps, sval čtyřhlavý

(anatomy) the larger and thicker bone of the human forearm extending from the elbow to the thumb side of the wrist

rádius, kosti vřetenní

each of the curved bones surrounding the chest to protect the organs inside

žebro, žebra

(anatomy) the bony structure in the chest formed by the ribs which protects organs in the thoracic cavity

hrudník, žebrové pouzdro

(anatomy) a large bone at the lower part of the spinal column between the two hip bones of the pelvis

křížová kost, sacro

the inner and larger bone of the pair of bones between the ankle and the knee

holenní kost, tibia

(anatomy) each of the pair of triangular bones that connect the humerus to the clavicle

lopatka, skalpel

each of the pair of triangular bones that connect the upper arm bone with the collar bone

lopatka, scapula

an elastic cord or band that connects a muscle to a bone

šlacha, svalová vlákna

the structure of bones supporting the body of an animal or a person

kostra

the row of small bones that are joined together down the center of the back of the body

páteř, hřbet

(anatomy) a ring of muscle that can open or close an opening, such as anus, in the body

sfincter, ringová svalovina

(anatomy) a long flat bone at the center of the chest that connects the ribs to the shoulder girdle

sternum

the small triangular bone at the end of the spinal column in humans or tailless primates

kostrč, koksis

(anatomy) any of the cluster of seven small bones in the foot between the ankle and upper foot

tarsálie, kosti tarsu

the longest bone in the human skeleton which is between the hip and the knee

stehenní kost

(anatomy) the inner and larger of the two bones between the ankle and the knee

tibia, holenní kost

(anatomy) the three-headed muscle of the arm that functions as the extensor of the elbow joint

triceps, trojhlavý sval

(anatomy) the thinner and longer bone of the human forearm extending from the elbow to the wrist

ulna

(anatomy) any of the bony segments and cartilages of the spinal column

obratel

a small bone found in the middle ear that helps transmit sound vibrations and facilitate hearing

ossikulum

an opening or a hole, particularly in a bone structure

okno, otvor

the lower bone of the face containing the chin and the bottom teeth

čelist