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Ciało - Układ mięśniowo-szkieletowy

Tutaj nauczysz się kilku angielskich słów związanych z układem mięśniowo-szkieletowym, takich jak „więzadło”, „ścięgno” i „kość ogonowa”.

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Words Related to Body
bone

any of the hard pieces making up the skeleton in humans and some animals

kość

kość

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joint

a place in the body where two bones meet, enabling one of them to bend or move around

staw

staw

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cartilage

an elastic tissue that supports or connects joints in an infant and turns into skeleton during growth

chrząstka

chrząstka

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cartilage bone

a transformed cartilaginous structure that has undergone ossification

kość chrzęstna

kość chrzęstna

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ligament

(anatomy) a strong band of tissue which connects two bones or cartilages or keeps organs in place

więzadło

więzadło

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bursa

a fluid-filled sac that reduces friction between tissues such as bones, tendons, and muscles

bursa

bursa

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axial skeleton

the central part of the skeleton that includes the skull, vertebral column, and ribcage

szkielet osiowy

szkielet osiowy

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axial muscle

a single muscle that is located along the central axis of the body, including the head, neck, and trunk

mięsień osiowy

mięsień osiowy

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Achilles tendon

a tendon in the leg that attaches the muscles of the calf to the bone of the heel

ścięgno Achillesa

ścięgno Achillesa

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tendon

(anatomy) an elastic cord or band that connects a muscle to a bone

ścięgno

ścięgno

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skull

the bony structure that surrounds and provides protection for a person's or animal's brain

czaszka

czaszka

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muscle

a piece of body tissue that is made tight or relaxed when we want to move a particular part of our body

mięsień

mięsień

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hamstring

(anatomy) one of the five tendons at the back of someone's knee

ścięgno podkolanowe

ścięgno podkolanowe

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abductor

(anatomy) a muscle that moves a part of the body away from its normal position by contraction

abduktor

abduktor

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backbone

a line of connected bones going down from your neck to tail bone in the middle of the back

kręgosłup

kręgosłup

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biceps

the large muscle at the front of the upper part of the arm, which flexes the forearm

biceps

biceps

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breastbone

a long flat bone at the center of the chest that connects the ribs and the shoulder girdle

mostek

mostek

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cheekbone

the bone that is just below the eye

kość policzkowa

kość policzkowa

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ciliary body

(anatomy) the structure that encloses the inner surface of the eye which consists of the muscle which makes the eye move

ciało rzęskowe

ciało rzęskowe

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clavicle

(anatomy) a bone of the shoulder girdle that connects the breastbone to the shoulder bone

obojczyk

obojczyk

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coccyx

(anatomy) the small triangular bone at the end of the spinal column in humans or tailless primates

kość ogonowa

kość ogonowa

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collarbone

either of the pair of bones that go across the top of the chest from the base of the neck to the shoulders

obojczyk

obojczyk

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cranium

(anatomy) the bone structure that surrounds and protects the brain

czaszka

czaszka

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deltoid

(anatomy) a large muscle, triangular in shape that covers the shoulder joint and helps the arm to abduct and rotate

deltowy

deltowy

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extensor

a muscle that helps a body part or limb be stretched out by contraction

ekstensor

ekstensor

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femur

(anatomy) the longest bone in the top part of the human leg between the hip and the knee

kość udowa

kość udowa

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humerus

(anatomy) a long bone in the arm that extends from the shoulder to the elbow

ramię

ramię

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fibula

(anatomy) the outer and narrower of the two bones between the ankle and the knee

fibula

fibula

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flexor

(anatomy) a muscle that allows one to bend a limb or body part by contraction

mięsień zginacz

mięsień zginacz

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jawbone

either of the bones that form the jaw, particularly the lower jaw

żuchwa

żuchwa

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kneecap

a small bone that covers the front of the knee joint

rzepka

rzepka

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mandible

(anatomy) (zoology) either half of the jawbone, especially the lower jawbone that helps a vertebrate open and close its mouth

żuchwa

żuchwa

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metatarsal

(anatomy) any of the five bones of the foot between the ankle and the toes

kość śródstopia

kość śródstopia

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musculature

(biology) the overall arrangement or the system of muscles in a human or an animal's body

mięśniówka

mięśniówka

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occipital bone

(anatomy) the trapezoidal bone that is at the base and lower back of the cranium, though which the spinal cord passes

kość potyliczna

kość potyliczna

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frontal bone

the singular bone located at the front of the skull, forming the forehead and upper eye sockets for structural support and protection

kość czołowa

kość czołowa

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parietal bone

a cranial bone that forms the sides and roof of the skull, offering protection for the brain

kość ciemieniowa

kość ciemieniowa

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sphenoid bone

a butterfly-shaped bone, contributing to its structure and housing important structures

kość klinowa

kość klinowa

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temporal bone

a cranial bone located on the sides and base of the skull, housing the ear structures and contributing to jaw movement

kość skroniowa

kość skroniowa

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zygoma

a facial bone that forms the prominence of the cheek and connects various other facial bones

kość jarzmowa

kość jarzmowa

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zygomatic bone

a facial bone that contributes to the structure of the cheek and forms part of the eye socket

kość jarzmowa

kość jarzmowa

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maxilla

a facial bone that forms the central part of the face, supporting the upper teeth

maxilla

maxilla

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patella

(anatomy) a small bone triangular in shape that covers and protects the front part of the knee joint

rzepka

rzepka

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pelvis

(anatomy) the large round bone structure that the limbs and the spine are joined to, which also protects the abdominal organs

miednica

miednica

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quadriceps

(anatomy) any of the four large muscles at the front of the thigh that allow the knee joint to stretch

czworogłowy

czworogłowy

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quad

a muscle at the front of the thigh that helps the knee joint stretch

czworogłowy

czworogłowy

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radius

(anatomy) the larger and thicker bone of the human forearm extending from the elbow to the thumb side of the wrist

promień

promień

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rib

each of the curved bones surrounding the chest to protect the organs inside

żebro

żebro

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ribcage

(anatomy) the bony structure in the chest formed by the ribs which protects organs in the thoracic cavity

klatka piersiowa

klatka piersiowa

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sacrum

(anatomy) a large bone at the lower part of the spinal column between the two hip bones of the pelvis

kość krzyżowa

kość krzyżowa

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shin bone

the inner and larger bone of the pair of bones between the ankle and the knee

kość piszczelowa

kość piszczelowa

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scapula

(anatomy) each of the pair of triangular bones that connect the humerus to the clavicle

łopatka

łopatka

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shoulder blade

each of the pair of triangular bones that connect the upper arm bone with the collar bone

łopatka

łopatka

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sinew

an elastic cord or band that connects a muscle to a bone

ścięgno

ścięgno

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skeleton

the structure of bones supporting the body of an animal or a person

szkielet

szkielet

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spine

the row of small bones that are joined together down the center of the back of the body

kręgosłup

kręgosłup

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sphincter

(anatomy) a ring of muscle that can open or close an opening, such as anus, in the body

zwieracz

zwieracz

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sternum

(anatomy) a long flat bone at the center of the chest that connects the ribs to the shoulder girdle

mostek

mostek

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tail bone

the small triangular bone at the end of the spinal column in humans or tailless primates

kość ogonowa

kość ogonowa

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tarsal

(anatomy) any of the cluster of seven small bones in the foot between the ankle and upper foot

kości stępu

kości stępu

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thighbone

the longest bone in the human skeleton which is between the hip and the knee

kość udowa

kość udowa

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tibia

(anatomy) the inner and larger of the two bones between the ankle and the knee

piszczel

piszczel

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triceps

(anatomy) the three-headed muscle of the arm that functions as the extensor of the elbow joint

triceps

triceps

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ulna

(anatomy) the thinner and longer bone of the human forearm extending from the elbow to the wrist

łokciowa

łokciowa

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vertebra

(anatomy) any of the bony segments and cartilages of the spinal column

kręg

kręg

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ossicle

a small bone found in the middle ear that helps transmit sound vibrations and facilitate hearing

ossikulum

ossikulum

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fenestra

an opening or a hole, particularly in a bone structure

okno

okno

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jaw

the lower bone of the face containing the chin and the bottom teeth

szczęka

szczęka

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