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身体 - 肌肉骨骼系统

在这里您将学习一些与肌肉骨骼系统相关的英语单词,例如“ligament”、“hamstring”和“coccyx”。

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Words Related to Body
bone
[名词]

any of the hard pieces making up the skeleton in humans and some animals

骨头, 骨骼

骨头, 骨骼

Ex: The surgeon performed a bone graft to repair the bone.
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joint
[名词]

a place in the body where two bones meet, enabling one of them to bend or move around

关节, 接头

关节, 接头

Ex: He underwent surgery to repair a joint in his thumb , restoring functionality and relieving pain .
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cartilage
[名词]

an elastic tissue that supports or connects joints in an infant and turns into skeleton during growth

软骨, 软组织

软骨, 软组织

Ex: Chondrocytes are cells responsible for producing and cartilage.
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a transformed cartilaginous structure that has undergone ossification

软骨骨, 软骨化骨

软骨骨, 软骨化骨

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ligament
[名词]

(anatomy) a strong band of tissue which connects two bones or cartilages or keeps organs in place

韧带, 韧带组织

韧带, 韧带组织

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bursa
[名词]

a fluid-filled sac that reduces friction between tissues such as bones, tendons, and muscles

囊肿, 滑囊

囊肿, 滑囊

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the central part of the skeleton that includes the skull, vertebral column, and ribcage

轴骨骼, 主轴骨骼

轴骨骼, 主轴骨骼

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axial muscle
[名词]

a single muscle that is located along the central axis of the body, including the head, neck, and trunk

轴肌, 轴向肌肉

轴肌, 轴向肌肉

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a tendon in the leg that attaches the muscles of the calf to the bone of the heel

阿基里斯腱, 跟腱

阿基里斯腱, 跟腱

Ex: Stretching and strengthening exercises can help prevent injuries to Achilles tendon by improving flexibility and resilience .
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tendon
[名词]

(anatomy) an elastic cord or band that connects a muscle to a bone

腱, 肌腱

腱, 肌腱

Ex: Tendons are composed primarily of collagen fibers .
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skull
[名词]

the bony structure that surrounds and provides protection for a person's or animal's brain

颅骨, 头骨

颅骨, 头骨

Ex: skull protects the brain , one of the most vital organs in the body .
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muscle
[名词]

a piece of body tissue that is made tight or relaxed when we want to move a particular part of our body

肌肉, 肉汁

肌肉, 肉汁

Ex: The weightlifter 's muscles helped him lift heavy weights .
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hamstring
[名词]

(anatomy) one of the five tendons at the back of someone's knee

腿筋, 腘绳肌

腿筋, 腘绳肌

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abductor
[名词]

(anatomy) a muscle that moves a part of the body away from its normal position by contraction

外展肌, 外展者

外展肌, 外展者

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backbone
[名词]

a line of connected bones going down from your neck to tail bone in the middle of the back

脊柱, 脊椎

脊柱, 脊椎

Ex: The yoga instructor emphasized the importance of stretching backbone in class .
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biceps
[名词]

the large muscle at the front of the upper part of the arm, which flexes the forearm

肱二头肌, 二头肌

肱二头肌, 二头肌

Ex: Swelling and pain in biceps can result from overuse or injury .
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breastbone
[名词]

a long flat bone at the center of the chest that connects the ribs and the shoulder girdle

胸骨, 胸前骨

胸骨, 胸前骨

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cheekbone
[名词]

the bone that is just below the eye

颧骨, 脸颊骨

颧骨, 脸颊骨

Ex: She admired her grandmother 's cheekbones, a trait that seemed to run in the family .
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ciliary body
[名词]

(anatomy) the structure that encloses the inner surface of the eye which consists of the muscle which makes the eye move

睫状体, 睫毛体

睫状体, 睫毛体

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clavicle
[名词]

(anatomy) a bone of the shoulder girdle that connects the breastbone to the shoulder bone

锁骨, 胸骨

锁骨, 胸骨

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collarbone
[名词]

either of the pair of bones that go across the top of the chest from the base of the neck to the shoulders

锁骨, 肩锁骨

锁骨, 肩锁骨

Ex: The athlete 's collarbone structure helped support the weight of heavy lifting .
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cranium
[名词]

(anatomy) the bone structure that surrounds and protects the brain

颅骨, 头盖骨

颅骨, 头盖骨

Ex: cranium is essential for maintaining the shape and structure of the head .
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deltoid
[名词]

(anatomy) a large muscle, triangular in shape that covers the shoulder joint and helps the arm to abduct and rotate

三角肌, 肩峰肌

三角肌, 肩峰肌

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extensor
[名词]

a muscle that helps a body part or limb be stretched out by contraction

伸展肌, 扩展肌

伸展肌, 扩展肌

Ex: Physical therapy exercises focused on strengthening the extensor muscles following the patient's knee surgery.
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femur
[名词]

(anatomy) the longest bone in the top part of the human leg between the hip and the knee

股骨, 大腿骨

股骨, 大腿骨

Ex: femur plays a crucial role in supporting the weight of the body and enabling activities such as walking , running , and jumping .
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humerus
[名词]

(anatomy) a long bone in the arm that extends from the shoulder to the elbow

肱骨, 上臂骨

肱骨, 上臂骨

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fibula
[名词]

(anatomy) the outer and narrower of the two bones between the ankle and the knee

腓骨, 小腿骨

腓骨, 小腿骨

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flexor
[名词]

(anatomy) a muscle that allows one to bend a limb or body part by contraction

屈肌, 弯曲肌

屈肌, 弯曲肌

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jawbone
[名词]

either of the bones that form the jaw, particularly the lower jaw

下颌骨, 颚骨

下颌骨, 颚骨

Ex: The chewing motion of jawbone allows for the grinding and breaking down of food during digestion .
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kneecap
[名词]

a small bone that covers the front of the knee joint

膝盖骨, 髌骨

膝盖骨, 髌骨

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mandible
[名词]

(anatomy) (zoology) either half of the jawbone, especially the lower jawbone that helps a vertebrate open and close its mouth

下颌骨, 下颌

下颌骨, 下颌

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metatarsal
[名词]

(anatomy) any of the five bones of the foot between the ankle and the toes

趾骨, 跖骨

趾骨, 跖骨

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musculature
[名词]

(biology) the overall arrangement or the system of muscles in a human or an animal's body

肌肉系统, 肌肉结构

肌肉系统, 肌肉结构

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(anatomy) the trapezoidal bone that is at the base and lower back of the cranium, though which the spinal cord passes

枕骨, 后头骨

枕骨, 后头骨

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frontal bone
[名词]

the singular bone located at the front of the skull, forming the forehead and upper eye sockets for structural support and protection

额骨, 前骨

额骨, 前骨

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a cranial bone that forms the sides and roof of the skull, offering protection for the brain

顶骨, 顶颅骨

顶骨, 顶颅骨

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a butterfly-shaped bone, contributing to its structure and housing important structures

蝶骨, 蝶形骨

蝶骨, 蝶形骨

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a cranial bone located on the sides and base of the skull, housing the ear structures and contributing to jaw movement

颞骨, 太阳骨

颞骨, 太阳骨

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zygoma
[名词]

a facial bone that forms the prominence of the cheek and connects various other facial bones

颧骨, 面颧骨

颧骨, 面颧骨

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a facial bone that contributes to the structure of the cheek and forms part of the eye socket

颧骨, 颧骨头

颧骨, 颧骨头

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maxilla
[名词]

a facial bone that forms the central part of the face, supporting the upper teeth

上颌骨, 上颌

上颌骨, 上颌

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patella
[名词]

(anatomy) a small bone triangular in shape that covers and protects the front part of the knee joint

髌骨, 膝盖骨

髌骨, 膝盖骨

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pelvis
[名词]

(anatomy) the large round bone structure that the limbs and the spine are joined to, which also protects the abdominal organs

骨盆, 盆骨

骨盆, 盆骨

Ex: pelvis is a key component of the human skeletal system , providing support and protection to internal organs .
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quadriceps
[名词]

(anatomy) any of the four large muscles at the front of the thigh that allow the knee joint to stretch

股四头肌, 大腿前肌

股四头肌, 大腿前肌

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quad
[名词]

a muscle at the front of the thigh that helps the knee joint stretch

股四头肌, 前股肌

股四头肌, 前股肌

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radius
[名词]

(anatomy) the larger and thicker bone of the human forearm extending from the elbow to the thumb side of the wrist

桡骨, 半径

桡骨, 半径

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rib
[名词]

each of the curved bones surrounding the chest to protect the organs inside

肋骨, 肋部

肋骨, 肋部

Ex: The boxer wore protective padding around ribs to minimize the risk of injury during the match .
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ribcage
[名词]

(anatomy) the bony structure in the chest formed by the ribs which protects organs in the thoracic cavity

胸腔, 肋骨架

胸腔, 肋骨架

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sacrum
[名词]

(anatomy) a large bone at the lower part of the spinal column between the two hip bones of the pelvis

骶骨, 骶

骶骨, 骶

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shin bone
[名词]

the inner and larger bone of the pair of bones between the ankle and the knee

胫骨, 小腿骨

胫骨, 小腿骨

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scapula
[名词]

(anatomy) each of the pair of triangular bones that connect the humerus to the clavicle

肩胛骨, 肩骨

肩胛骨, 肩骨

Ex: scapula has several important bony landmarks , including the acromion and the coracoid process , which serve as attachment points for muscles and ligaments .
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each of the pair of triangular bones that connect the upper arm bone with the collar bone

肩胛骨, 肩甲骨

肩胛骨, 肩甲骨

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sinew
[名词]

an elastic cord or band that connects a muscle to a bone

腱, 韧带

腱, 韧带

Ex: The sinew plays a crucial role in the body’s mechanics, functioning as the connector between muscle and bone.
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skeleton
[名词]

the structure of bones supporting the body of an animal or a person

骨骼, 骷髅

骨骼, 骷髅

Ex: Scientists discovered a skeleton in the desert .
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spine
[名词]

the row of small bones that are joined together down the center of the back of the body

脊柱, 脊椎

脊柱, 脊椎

Ex: In yoga , many poses are designed to improve flexibility and strength in spine.
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sphincter
[名词]

(anatomy) a ring of muscle that can open or close an opening, such as anus, in the body

括约肌, 肛门括约肌

括约肌, 肛门括约肌

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sternum
[名词]

(anatomy) a long flat bone at the center of the chest that connects the ribs to the shoulder girdle

胸骨, 胸部骨

胸骨, 胸部骨

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tail bone
[名词]

the small triangular bone at the end of the spinal column in humans or tailless primates

尾骨, 尾椎

尾骨, 尾椎

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tarsal
[名词]

(anatomy) any of the cluster of seven small bones in the foot between the ankle and upper foot

跗骨, 足骨

跗骨, 足骨

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thighbone
[名词]

the longest bone in the human skeleton which is between the hip and the knee

大腿骨, 股骨

大腿骨, 股骨

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tibia
[名词]

(anatomy) the inner and larger of the two bones between the ankle and the knee

胫骨, 小腿骨

胫骨, 小腿骨

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triceps
[名词]

(anatomy) the three-headed muscle of the arm that functions as the extensor of the elbow joint

肱三头肌, 三头肌

肱三头肌, 三头肌

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ulna
[名词]

(anatomy) the thinner and longer bone of the human forearm extending from the elbow to the wrist

尺骨, 肱尺骨

尺骨, 肱尺骨

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vertebra
[名词]

(anatomy) any of the bony segments and cartilages of the spinal column

椎骨, 脊椎骨

椎骨, 脊椎骨

Ex: The human spine consists of vertebra, including the coccyx and sacrum .
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ossicle
[名词]

a small bone found in the middle ear that helps transmit sound vibrations and facilitate hearing

小骨, 耳小骨

小骨, 耳小骨

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fenestra
[名词]

an opening or a hole, particularly in a bone structure

窗孔, 孔隙

窗孔, 孔隙

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jaw
[名词]

the lower bone of the face containing the chin and the bottom teeth

下颌, 颚

下颌, 颚

Ex: Chewing gum for too long can sometimes cause soreness in jaw.
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