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El libro English File - Intermedio Alto - Lección 9B

Aquí encontrarás el vocabulario de la Lección 9B del libro de curso English File Upper Intermediate, como "distant", "govern", "ignorance", etc.

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English File - Upper Intermediate
proof
[Sustantivo]

information or evidence that proves the truth or existence of something

prueba

prueba

Ex: She offered proof of her payment by showing the receipt from the transaction .Ella proporcionó **prueba** de su pago mostrando el recibo de la transacción.
able
[Adjetivo]

having the necessary skill, power, resources, etc. for doing something

capaz

capaz

Ex: He is a reliable mechanic and is able to fix any car problem .Es un mecánico confiable y es **capaz** de solucionar cualquier problema del coche.
absent
[Adjetivo]

(of people) not present in a place

ausente

ausente

Ex: The teacher marked John absent because he arrived late to the class.El profesor marcó a John **ausente** porque llegó tarde a la clase.
absence
[Sustantivo]

the state of not being at a place or with a person when it is expected of one

ausencia

ausencia

Ex: The absence of any complaints in the feedback survey suggested that customers were generally satisfied with the service .**La ausencia** de quejas en la encuesta de feedback sugería que los clientes estaban generalmente satisfechos con el servicio.

to provide a place for someone to stay and sleep, usually in a house, hotel, or other lodging facility

alojar, hospedar

alojar, hospedar

Ex: The beach resort can accommodate hundreds of guests during the holiday season .El complejo playero puede **alojar** a cientos de huéspedes durante la temporada de vacaciones.
accommodation
[Sustantivo]

a place where people live, stay, or work in

alojamiento

alojamiento

Ex: They found a cozy cabin as their accommodation for the weekend getaway in the mountains .Encontraron una cabaña acogedora como su **alojamiento** para la escapada de fin de semana en las montañas.
alcohol
[Sustantivo]

any drink that can make people intoxicated, such as wine, beer, etc.

alcohol

alcohol

Ex: He prefers wine over other types of alcohol.Él prefiere el vino sobre otros tipos de **alcohol**.
alcoholism
[Sustantivo]

a medical condition caused by drinking an excessive amounts of alcohol on a regular basis

alcoholismo

alcoholismo

Ex: Research has shown a correlation between stress and an increased risk of alcoholism.La investigación ha mostrado una correlación entre el estrés y un mayor riesgo de **alcoholismo**.
brother
[Sustantivo]

a man who shares a mother and father with us

hermano

hermano

Ex: She does n't have any brothers , but she has a close friend who 's like a brother to her .Ella no tiene ningún **hermano**, pero tiene un amigo cercano que es como un hermano para ella.
brotherhood
[Sustantivo]

the feeling of understanding and friendship between people

hermandad

hermandad

Ex: Brotherhood is not just about family; it’s about building strong, compassionate bonds with others who share your values and goals.La **hermandad** no es solo sobre la familia; se trata de construir lazos fuertes y compasivos con otros que comparten tus valores y metas.
child
[Sustantivo]

a young person who has not reached puberty or adulthood yet

niño

niño

Ex: The school organized a field trip to the zoo , and the children were excited to see the animals up close .La escuela organizó una excursión al zoológico, y los **niños** estaban emocionados de ver a los animales de cerca.
childhood
[Sustantivo]

the period or time of being a child, characterized by significant physical and emotional growth

infancia

infancia

Ex: Emily 's love for reading began in her childhood, when she would lose herself in books for hours on end .El amor de Emily por la lectura comenzó en su **infancia**, cuando se perdía en los libros durante horas.
distant
[Adjetivo]

having a great space or extent between two points

lejano,  distante

lejano, distante

Ex: His distant hometown was far beyond the horizon .Su pueblo natal **lejano** estaba muy más allá del horizonte.
distance
[Sustantivo]

the length of the space that is between two places or points

distancia

distancia

Ex: The telescope allowed astronomers to accurately measure the distance to distant galaxies .El telescopio permitió a los astrónomos medir con precisión la **distancia** a galaxias distantes.
to employ
[Verbo]

to give work to someone and pay them

emplear

emplear

Ex: We are planning to employ a gardener to maintain our large yard .Estamos planeando **emplear** a un jardinero para mantener nuestro gran jardín.
friendly
[Adjetivo]

(of a person or their manner) kind and nice toward other people

simpático

simpático

Ex: Her friendly smile made the difficult conversation feel less awkward .Su sonrisa **amistosa** hizo que la conversación difícil se sintiera menos incómoda.
friendliness
[Sustantivo]

the state of being kind and pleasant toward others

amabilidad,  simpatía

amabilidad, simpatía

Ex: She was known for her friendliness and could always be counted on to brighten up the room with a smile .Era conocida por su **amabilidad** y siempre se podía contar con ella para alegrar la habitación con una sonrisa.
to govern
[Verbo]

to regulate or control a person, course of action or event or the way something happens

dominar

dominar

Ex: The laws of physics govern the way objects move in the universe .Las leyes de la física **gobiernan** la forma en que los objetos se mueven en el universo.
government
[Sustantivo]

the group of politicians in control of a country or state

gobierno

gobierno

Ex: In a democratic system , the government is chosen by the people through free and fair elections .En un sistema democrático, el **gobierno** es elegido por el pueblo a través de elecciones libres y justas.
ignorant
[Adjetivo]

lacking knowledge or awareness about a particular subject or situation

ignorante

ignorante

Ex: Many people are ignorant of the impact their actions have on the environment .Muchas personas son **ignorantes** del impacto que sus acciones tienen en el medio ambiente.
ignorance
[Sustantivo]

the fact or state of not having the necessary information, knowledge, or understanding of something

ignorancia

ignorancia

Ex: The ignorance of some people about climate change highlights the need for more widespread awareness and education on environmental issues .**La ignorancia** de algunas personas sobre el cambio climático resalta la necesidad de una mayor conciencia y educación sobre los problemas ambientales.
to improve
[Verbo]

to make a person or thing better

mejorar, aumentar

mejorar, aumentar

Ex: She took workshops to improve her language skills for career advancement .Ella tomó talleres para **mejorar** sus habilidades lingüísticas para el avance de su carrera.
improvement
[Sustantivo]

the action or process of making something better

mejora

mejora

Ex: Improvement in customer service boosted their reputation .La **mejora** en el servicio al cliente impulsó su reputación.
to intend
[Verbo]

to have something in mind as a plan or purpose

tener la intención de

tener la intención de

Ex: I intend to start exercising regularly to improve my health .**Pretendo** empezar a hacer ejercicio regularmente para mejorar mi salud.
intention
[Sustantivo]

something that one is aiming, wanting, or planning to do

intención

intención

Ex: The defendant claimed that he had no intention of breaking the law , but the evidence suggested otherwise .El acusado afirmó que no tenía ninguna **intención** de infringir la ley, pero la evidencia sugería lo contrario.
loneliness
[Sustantivo]

the state of not having any companions or company

soledad

soledad

Ex: The loneliness of the deserted island was overwhelming , with no signs of human life for miles .La **soledad** de la isla desierta era abrumadora, sin señales de vida humana por millas.
race
[Sustantivo]

(biology) a taxonomic category below species that has a distinct feature from other groups in the same species

raza

raza

racism
[Sustantivo]

harmful or unfair actions, words, or thoughts directed at people of different races, often based on the idea that one’s own race is more intelligent, moral, or worthy

racismo

racismo

Ex: Racism in the police force has been a long-standing issue .El **racismo** en la fuerza policial ha sido un problema de larga data.
to reduce
[Verbo]

to make something smaller in amount, degree, price, etc.

reducir

reducir

Ex: The chef suggested using alternative ingredients to reduce the calorie content of the dish .El chef sugirió usar ingredientes alternativos para **reducir** el contenido calórico del plato.
reduction
[Sustantivo]

a decline in amount, degree, etc. of a particular thing

reducción

reducción

Ex: The reduction in greenhouse gas emissions is crucial for combating climate change .La **reducción** de las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero es crucial para combatir el cambio climático.
ugly
[Adjetivo]

not pleasant to the mind or senses

feo

feo

Ex: The old , torn sweater she wore was ugly and outdated .El viejo suéter desgarrado que llevaba era **feo** y pasado de moda.
ugliness
[Sustantivo]

the state of being not attractive or not pleasing to the eye

fealdad

fealdad

Ex: Despite the ugliness of the storm clouds overhead , the rainbow that appeared afterward brightened the sky .A pesar de la **fealdad** de las nubes de tormenta sobre nosotros, el arcoíris que apareció después iluminó el cielo.
vandal
[Sustantivo]

someone who intentionally damages or destroys public or private property

vándalo, destructor

vándalo, destructor

Ex: As a punishment , the vandal was required to clean up the mess they had made and pay for the repairs .Como castigo, el **vándalo** tuvo que limpiar el desorden que había hecho y pagar por las reparaciones.
vandalism
[Sustantivo]

the illegal act of purposefully damaging a property belonging to another person or organization

vandalismo

vandalismo

Ex: Volunteers organized a cleanup effort to repair the damage caused by vandalism in the local park .Los voluntarios organizaron un esfuerzo de limpieza para reparar el daño causado por el **vandalismo** en el parque local.
lonely
[Adjetivo]

feeling unhappy due to being alone or lacking companionship

solitario, solo

solitario, solo

Ex: Even in a crowd , she sometimes felt lonely and disconnected .Incluso en una multitud, a veces se sentía **sola** y desconectada.
violent
[Adjetivo]

(of a person and their actions) using or involving physical force that is intended to damage or harm

violento

violento

Ex: The violent actions of the attacker were caught on camera .Las acciones **violentas** del atacante fueron captadas en cámara.
violence
[Sustantivo]

a crime that is intentionally directed toward a person or thing to hurt, intimidate, or kill them

violencia

violencia

Ex: The city has seen a rise in violence over the past few months , leading to increased police presence .La ciudad ha experimentado un aumento de la **violencia** en los últimos meses, lo que ha llevado a una mayor presencia policial.
weak
[Adjetivo]

structurally fragile or lacking durability

débil

débil

Ex: The dam failed at its weakest point during the flood.La presa falló en su punto más **débil** durante la inundación.
weakness
[Sustantivo]

a vulnerability or limitation that makes you less strong or effective

debilidad, punto débil

debilidad, punto débil

Ex: She identified her weakness in public speaking and worked to improve it .Ella identificó su **debilidad** en hablar en público y trabajó para mejorarla.
loss
[Sustantivo]

the state or process of losing a person or thing

pérdida

pérdida

Ex: Loss of biodiversity in the region has had detrimental effects on the ecosystem .La **pérdida** de biodiversidad en la región ha tenido efectos perjudiciales en el ecosistema.
to lose
[Verbo]

to be deprived of or stop having someone or something

perder

perder

Ex: If you do n't take precautions , you might lose your belongings in a crowded place .Si no tomas precauciones, podrías **perder** tus pertenencias en un lugar concurrido.
death
[Sustantivo]

the fact or act of dying

muerte

muerte

Ex: There has been an increase in deaths from cancer .Ha habido un aumento en las **muertes** por cáncer.
to die
[Verbo]

to no longer be alive

morir

morir

Ex: The soldier sacrificed his life , willing to die for the safety of his comrades .El soldado sacrificó su vida, dispuesto a **morir** por la seguridad de sus compañeros.
success
[Sustantivo]

the fact of reaching what one tried for or desired

éxito

éxito

Ex: Success comes with patience and effort .El **éxito** llega con paciencia y esfuerzo.
to succeed
[Verbo]

to reach or achieve what one desired or tried for

tener éxito, triunfar, lograr

tener éxito, triunfar, lograr

Ex: He succeeded in winning the championship after years of rigorous training and competition .Él **logró** ganar el campeonato después de años de entrenamiento riguroso y competencia.
thought
[Sustantivo]

something that comes to one's mind, such as, an idea, image, etc.

pensamiento

pensamiento

Ex: She shared her thoughts on the book in a thoughtful review .Ella compartió sus **pensamientos** sobre el libro en una reseña reflexiva.
to think
[Verbo]

to have a type of belief or idea about a person or thing

pensar

pensar

Ex: What do you think of the new employee?¿Qué opinas del nuevo empleado?
belief
[Sustantivo]

a strong feeling of certainty that something or someone exists or is true; a strong feeling that something or someone is right or good

creencia

creencia

Ex: The team 's success was fueled by their collective belief in their ability to overcome challenges .El éxito del equipo fue impulsado por su **creencia** colectiva en su capacidad para superar los desafíos.
to believe
[Verbo]

to accept something to be true even without proof

creer

creer

Ex: You should n't believe everything you see on social media .No deberías **creer** todo lo que ves en las redes sociales.
heat
[Sustantivo]

a state of having a higher than normal temperature

calor

calor

Ex: The heat in the tropical forest was humid and stifling .El **calor** en el bosque tropical era húmedo y sofocante.
warm
[Adjetivo]

having a temperature that is high but not hot, especially in a way that is pleasant

cálido, caliente

cálido, caliente

Ex: They enjoyed a warm summer evening around the campfire .Disfrutaron de una **cálida** tarde de verano alrededor de la fogata.
strength
[Sustantivo]

the quality or state of being physically or mentally strong

fuerza

fuerza

Ex: The company 's financial strength enabled it to withstand economic downturns .La **fuerza** financiera de la empresa le permitió resistir las crisis económicas.
strong
[Adjetivo]

having a lot of physical power

fuerte, poderoso

fuerte, poderoso

Ex: The athlete 's strong legs helped him run faster .Las piernas **fuertes** del atleta lo ayudaron a correr más rápido.
height
[Sustantivo]

the distance from the top to the bottom of something or someone

altura, estatura

altura, estatura

Ex: The height of the tree is approximately 30 meters .La **altura** del árbol es de aproximadamente 30 metros.
high
[Adjetivo]

having a relatively great vertical extent

alto

alto

Ex: The airplane flew at a high altitude , above the clouds .El avión voló a una **alta** altitud, por encima de las nubes.
width
[Sustantivo]

the distance of something from side to side

ancho, anchura

ancho, anchura

Ex: When buying a rug , consider the width of the room for proper coverage .Al comprar una alfombra, considera el **ancho** de la habitación para una cobertura adecuada.
wide
[Adjetivo]

having a large length from side to side

ancho, vasto

ancho, vasto

Ex: The fabric was 45 inches wide, perfect for making a set of curtains .La tela tenía 45 pulgadas de **ancho**, perfecta para hacer un juego de cortinas.
employment
[Sustantivo]

the fact or state of having a regular paid job

empleo

empleo

Ex: Many graduates struggle to find employment in their field immediately after finishing university .Muchos graduados luchan por encontrar **empleo** en su campo inmediatamente después de terminar la universidad.

to amuse someone so that they have an enjoyable time

entretener, divertir

entretener, divertir

Ex: The magician is entertaining the children with his magic tricks .El mago **entretiene** a los niños con sus trucos de magia.
entertainment
[Sustantivo]

movies, television shows, etc. or an activity that is made for people to enjoy

entretenimiento

entretenimiento

Ex: The city offers a wide variety of entertainment options .La ciudad ofrece una amplia variedad de opciones de **entretenimiento**.
to excite
[Verbo]

to make a person feel interested or happy, particularly about something that will happen soon

entusiasmar, emocionar

entusiasmar, emocionar

Ex: The sight of snowflakes falling excited residents, heralding the arrival of winter.La vista de los copos de nieve cayendo **entusiasmó** a los residentes, anunciando la llegada del invierno.
excitement
[Sustantivo]

a strong feeling of enthusiasm and happiness

excitación

excitación

Ex: The rollercoaster lurched forward , screams of excitement echoing through the park as riders plunged down the first drop .La montaña rusa se sacudió hacia adelante, con gritos de **emoción** que resonaban por el parque mientras los pasajeros se lanzaban por la primera caída.
El libro English File - Intermedio Alto
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