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كتاب English File - فوق المتوسط - الدرس 9B

هنا ستجد المفردات من الدرس 9B في كتاب English File Upper Intermediate، مثل "بعيد"، "يحكم"، "جهل"، إلخ.

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English File - Upper Intermediate
proof
proof
[اسم]

evidence that establishes or strongly demonstrates that something is true or exists

Ex: You may need to show proof of identity at the front desk. 
able
able
[صفة]

having the necessary skill, power, resources, etc. for doing something

قادر, ماهر

قادر, ماهر

Ex: He is a reliable mechanic and is able to fix any car problem. 

إنه ميكانيكي موثوق به وقادر على إصلاح أي مشكلة في السيارة.

absent
absent
[صفة]

not present in a place where someone is expected to be

غائب

غائب

Ex: He has been absent from work since Monday. 
absence
absence
[اسم]

the state of not being at a place or with a person when it is expected of one

غياب

غياب

Ex: During her absence, the team had to manage the workload on their own without her input. 
to accommodate

to provide someone with a place to live or stay

يستوعب

يستوعب

Ex: We were accommodated in a small guesthouse near the station. 
accommodation

a place where people live, stay, or work in

إقامة, سكن

إقامة, سكن

Ex: They found a cozy cabin as their accommodation for the weekend getaway in the mountains. 

وجدوا كوخًا مريحًا كـ إقامة لهم في رحلة نهاية الأسبوع في الجبال.

alcohol
alcohol
[اسم]

any drink that can make people intoxicated, such as wine, beer, etc.

كحول

كحول

Ex: She enjoys sipping a glass of alcohol in the evening as a way to unwind. 
alcoholism
alcoholism
[اسم]

a medical condition caused by drinking an excessive amounts of alcohol on a regular basis

إدمان الكحول, الكحولية

إدمان الكحول, الكحولية

Ex: Research has shown a correlation between stress and an increased risk of alcoholism. 

أظهر البحث وجود علاقة بين التوتر وزيادة خطر إدمان الكحول.

brother
brother
[اسم]

a man who shares a mother and father with us

أخ, شقيق

أخ, شقيق

Ex: My brother is younger than me and always makes me laugh. 
brotherhood
brotherhood
[اسم]

the feeling of understanding and friendship between people

أخوة, رفقة

أخوة, رفقة

Ex: Brotherhood is not just about family; it’s about building strong, compassionate bonds with others who share your values and goals. 

الأخوة ليست مجرد مسألة عائلية؛ إنها تتعلق ببناء روابط قوية ورحيمة مع الآخرين الذين يتشاركون قيمك وأهدافك.

child
child
[اسم]

a young person who has not reached puberty or adulthood yet

طفل, صغير

طفل, صغير

Ex: The children played happily in the park, swinging on the swings and running around. 
childhood
childhood
[اسم]

the period of a person's life when they are a child

Ex: Regular exercise during childhood can help establish healthy habits. 
distant
distant
[صفة]

having a great space or extent between two points

بعيد,  نائي

بعيد, نائي

Ex: His distant hometown was far beyond the horizon. 

كانت مسقط رأسه البعيدة بعيدة جدًا وراء الأفق.

distance
distance
[اسم]

the length of the space that is between two places or points

مسافة

مسافة

Ex: They maintained a long-distance relationship for several years before getting married. 
to employ
to employ
[فعل]

to give work to someone and pay them

توظيف, تشغيل

توظيف, تشغيل

Ex: The firm employs skilled craftsmen to make its products. 
friendly
friendly
[صفة]

(of a person or their manner) kind and nice toward other people

ودود, لطيف

ودود, لطيف

Ex: She was always friendly to everyone she met, making new friends easily. 
friendliness
friendliness
[اسم]

the state of being kind and pleasant toward others

الود,  اللطف

الود, اللطف

Ex: She was known for her friendliness and could always be counted on to brighten up the room with a smile. 

كانت معروفة بـ ودودتها ويمكن الاعتماد عليها دائمًا لإضاءة الغرفة بابتسامة.

to govern
to govern
[فعل]

to control or determine how an activity, process, or situation operates or develops

يحكم,  ينظم

يحكم, ينظم

Ex: Safety regulations have governed the operation of the plant for decades. 
government
government
[اسم]

the group of politicians in control of a country or state

حكومة, إدارة

حكومة, إدارة

Ex: The government provided disaster relief funds to help communities affected by the recent flood. 
ignorant
ignorant
[صفة]

lacking sophistication, worldly experience, or social refinement

جاهل, ساذج

جاهل, ساذج

Ex: The diplomat was frustrated by the ignorant questions from the audience. 

كان الدبلوماسي محبطًا بسبب الأسئلة الجاهلة من الجمهور.

ignorance
ignorance
[اسم]

the fact or state of not having the necessary information, knowledge, or understanding of something

جهل

جهل

Ex: The ignorance of some people about climate change highlights the need for more widespread awareness and education on environmental issues. 

الجهل لدى بعض الأشخاص بشأن تغير المناخ يسلط الضوء على الحاجة إلى مزيد من الوعي والتعليم على نطاق واسع بشأن القضايا البيئية.

to improve
to improve
[فعل]

to make a person or thing better

تحسين, تحسين

تحسين, تحسين

Ex: The new software update aims to improve the performance and user experience. 
improvement
improvement
[اسم]

the action or process of making something better

تحسين, تقدم

تحسين, تقدم

Ex: The software update resulted in a noticeable improvement in speed and functionality. 
to intend
to intend
[فعل]

to have something in mind as a plan or purpose

ينوي, يعتزم

ينوي, يعتزم

Ex: The company intends to launch a new product line next year. 
intention
intention
[اسم]

something that one is aiming, wanting, or planning to do

نية, قصد

نية, قصد

Ex: Despite her intention to save money, she found herself spending more than planned on unnecessary items. 
loneliness
loneliness
[اسم]

the state of not having any companions or company

الوحدة

الوحدة

Ex: The loneliness of the deserted island was overwhelming, with no signs of human life for miles. 

كان الوحدة للجزيرة المهجورة ساحقًا، دون أي علامات على الحياة البشرية لأميال.

race
race
[اسم]

(biology) a taxonomic category below species that has a distinct feature from other groups in the same species

عرق, نوع فرعي

عرق, نوع فرعي

Ex: The term race has historically been used for certain populations within a species. 
racism
racism
[اسم]

harmful or unfair actions, words, or thoughts directed at people of different races, often based on the idea that one’s own race is more intelligent, moral, or worthy

العنصرية, التمييز العنصري

العنصرية, التمييز العنصري

Ex: She was shocked by the racism she faced at the store. 

لقد صُدمت من العنصرية التي واجهتها في المتجر.

to reduce
to reduce
[فعل]

to make something smaller in amount, degree, price, etc.

يقلل, يخفض

يقلل, يخفض

Ex: Cutting unnecessary expenses is one way to reduce financial stress. 
reduction
reduction
[اسم]

a decline in amount, degree, etc. of a particular thing

تخفيض, انخفاض

تخفيض, انخفاض

Ex: The government announced a reduction in taxes to stimulate economic growth. 
ugly
ugly
[صفة]

very unattractive or unpleasant in appearance

Ex: An ugly stain covered the front of the sofa. 
ugliness
ugliness
[اسم]

the state of being not attractive or not pleasing to the eye

القبح, البشاعة

القبح, البشاعة

Ex: Despite the ugliness of the storm clouds overhead, the rainbow that appeared afterward brightened the sky. 

على الرغم من قبح غيوم العاصفة فوق الرأس، فإن قوس قزح الذي ظهر بعد ذلك أضاء السماء.

vandal
vandal
[اسم]

someone who intentionally damages or destroys public or private property

مخرب, مدمر للممتلكات

مخرب, مدمر للممتلكات

Ex: As a punishment, the vandal was required to clean up the mess they had made and pay for the repairs. 

كعقاب، طُلب من المخرب تنظيف الفوضى التي أحدثها ودفع ثمن الإصلاحات.

vandalism
vandalism
[اسم]

the illegal act of purposefully damaging a property belonging to another person or organization

تخريب

تخريب

Ex: Volunteers organized a cleanup effort to repair the damage caused by vandalism in the local park. 

نظم المتطوعون جهدًا تنظيفيًا لإصلاح الضرر الناجم عن التخريب في الحديقة المحلية.

lonely
lonely
[صفة]

unhappy because of being alone or lacking companionship

Ex: Living alone can make some people feel lonely. 
violent
violent
[صفة]

(of a person and their actions) using or involving physical force that is intended to damage or harm

عنيف, عدواني

عنيف, عدواني

Ex: The violent criminal threatened others with a knife during the robbery. 

هدد المجرم العنيف الآخرين بسكين أثناء السرقة.

violence
violence
[اسم]

a crime that is intentionally directed toward a person or thing to hurt, intimidate, or kill them

عنف, وحشية

عنف, وحشية

Ex: Authorities are working to address the root causes of violence in high-crime neighborhoods. 
weak
weak
[صفة]

structurally fragile or lacking durability

ضعيف, هش

ضعيف, هش

Ex: He pointed to a weak section in the wall that needed reinforcement. 
weakness
weakness
[اسم]

a lack of power, influence, or ability to act effectively

ضعف, ضعف

ضعف, ضعف

Ex: The army took advantage of the weakness of its opponent. 
loss
loss
[اسم]

the act or process of no longer having someone or something

خسارة, ضياع

خسارة, ضياع

Ex: He felt a profound loss when his job ended. 
to lose
to lose
[فعل]

to be deprived of or stop having someone or something

يفقد, يحرم من

يفقد, يحرم من

Ex: After a bout of illness, he temporarily lost his appetite but soon recovered. 
death
death
[اسم]

the fact or act of dying

موت, وفاة

موت, وفاة

Ex: The family was deeply saddened by his death. 
to die
to die
[فعل]

to no longer be alive

يموت,  يتوفى

يموت, يتوفى

Ex: Tragically, several people died in the car accident on the highway. 
success
success
[اسم]

the fact of reaching what one tried for or desired

نجاح, إنجاز

نجاح, إنجاز

Ex: Despite initial setbacks, the team's collaborative efforts ultimately culminated in a resounding success. 
to succeed
to succeed
[فعل]

to reach or achieve what one desired or tried for

نجح, حقق النجاح

نجح, حقق النجاح

Ex: With creativity and innovation, the team succeeded in developing a groundbreaking technology. 
thought
thought
[اسم]

something that comes to one's mind, such as, an idea, image, etc.

فكرة, خاطرة

فكرة, خاطرة

Ex: Deep thoughts about the universe occupied his mind late into the night. 
to think
to think
[فعل]

to have a type of belief or idea about a person or thing

يعتقد, يفكر

يعتقد, يفكر

Ex: She thinks that the book is much better than the movie. 
belief
belief
[اسم]

a strong feeling of certainty that something or someone exists or is true; a strong feeling that something or someone is right or good

اعتقاد, إيمان

اعتقاد, إيمان

Ex: Cultural beliefs shape the traditions and practices of societies around the world. 
to believe
to believe
[فعل]

to accept something to be true even without proof

يصدق, يثق

يصدق, يثق

Ex: They were misled into believing the product was a miracle cure. 
heat
heat
[اسم]

a state of having a higher than normal temperature

حرارة, حر

حرارة, حر

Ex: The heat can be oppressive in the city, especially for the elderly. 
warm
warm
[صفة]

having a temperature that is high but not hot, especially in a way that is pleasant

دافئ, معتدل

دافئ, معتدل

Ex: The warm weather was perfect for a day at the beach. 
strength
strength
[اسم]

the quality or state of being physically or mentally strong

قوة, صلابة

قوة, صلابة

Ex: Meditation and yoga have helped him develop inner strength and resilience. 
strong
strong
[صفة]

having a lot of physical power

قوي, شديد

قوي, شديد

Ex: The strong muscles of the tiger enabled it to bring down its prey with ease. 
height
height
[اسم]

the distance from the top to the bottom of something or someone

ارتفاع

ارتفاع

Ex: The height of the basketball hoop is ten feet. 
high
high
[صفة]

having a relatively great vertical extent

عالي

عالي

Ex: She climbed to a high branch to get a better view of the sunset. 
width
width
[اسم]

the measurement of something from one side or edge to the other

عرض

عرض

Ex: Emily compared the width of the two shelves before choosing one. 
wide
wide
[صفة]

having a large length from side to side

واسع, عريض

واسع, عريض

Ex: The river was wide, spanning several hundred meters across. 
employment
employment
[اسم]

the fact or state of having a regular paid job

توظيف,  عمل

توظيف, عمل

Ex: The program helps young people move into employment. 
to entertain
to entertain
[فعل]

to amuse or interest someone so that they enjoy themselves

يسلي

يسلي

Ex: The performers entertained thousands of visitors during the festival. 
entertainment

activities, performances, films, shows, or other things provided for people's enjoyment

ترفيه, تسلية

ترفيه, تسلية

Ex: The event included music, games, and other entertainment. 
to excite
to excite
[فعل]

to make a person feel interested or happy, particularly about something that will happen soon

يثير, يحمّس

يثير, يحمّس

Ex: The sight of snowflakes falling excited residents, heralding the arrival of winter. 

منظر رقاقات الثلج المتساقطة أثار سكان المنطقة، مبشراً بقدوم الشتاء.

excitement
excitement
[اسم]

a strong feeling of enthusiasm, eagerness, or emotional stimulation

Ex: The team's victory caused great excitement among the fans. 
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