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Aklat English File - Itaas na Intermediate - Aralin 9B

Dito mo makikita ang bokabularyo mula sa Lesson 9B sa English File Upper Intermediate coursebook, tulad ng "distant", "govern", "ignorance", atbp.

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English File - Upper Intermediate
proof
proof
[Pangngalan]

information or evidence that proves the truth or existence of something

patunay, ebidensya

patunay, ebidensya

Ex: She offered proof of her payment by showing the receipt from the transaction .

Nagbigay siya ng patunay ng kanyang pagbabayad sa pamamagitan ng pagpapakita ng resibo mula sa transaksyon.

able
able
[pang-uri]

having the necessary skill, power, resources, etc. for doing something

may kakayahan, sanay

may kakayahan, sanay

Ex: He is a reliable mechanic and is able to fix any car problem .

Siya ay isang maaasahang mekaniko at may kakayahan na ayusin ang anumang problema sa kotse.

absent
absent
[pang-uri]

(of people) not present in a place

liban

liban

Ex: The teacher marked John absent because he arrived late to the class.

Minarkahan ng guro si John na absent dahil nahuli siya sa klase.

absence
absence
[Pangngalan]

the state of not being at a place or with a person when it is expected of one

kawalan

kawalan

Ex: The absence of any complaints in the feedback survey suggested that customers were generally satisfied with the service .

Ang kawalan ng anumang reklamo sa survey ng feedback ay nagmungkahi na ang mga customer ay karaniwang nasiyahan sa serbisyo.

to accommodate

to provide a place for someone to stay and sleep, usually in a house, hotel, or other lodging facility

tumanggap, magpatuloy

tumanggap, magpatuloy

Ex: The beach resort can accommodate hundreds of guests during the holiday season .

Ang beach resort ay maaaring tumanggap ng daan-daang panauhin sa panahon ng bakasyon.

accommodation
accommodation
[Pangngalan]

a place where people live, stay, or work in

tirahan, akomodasyon

tirahan, akomodasyon

Ex: They found a cozy cabin as their accommodation for the weekend getaway in the mountains .

Nakahanap sila ng isang komportableng cabin bilang kanilang tirahan para sa weekend getaway sa bundok.

alcohol
alcohol
[Pangngalan]

any drink that can make people intoxicated, such as wine, beer, etc.

alak

alak

Ex: He prefers wine over other types of alcohol.

Mas gusto niya ang alak kaysa sa ibang uri ng alkohol.

alcoholism
alcoholism
[Pangngalan]

a medical condition caused by drinking an excessive amounts of alcohol on a regular basis

alkoholismo, pagkakalulong sa alak

alkoholismo, pagkakalulong sa alak

Ex: Research has shown a correlation between stress and an increased risk of alcoholism.

Ang pananaliksik ay nagpakita ng ugnayan sa pagitan ng stress at isang mas mataas na panganib ng alkoholismo.

brother
brother
[Pangngalan]

a man who shares a mother and father with us

kapatid na lalaki, kuya

kapatid na lalaki, kuya

Ex: She does n't have any brothers , but she has a close friend who 's like a brother to her .

Wala siyang kuya, ngunit mayroon siyang malapit na kaibigan na parang kapatid na lalaki sa kanya.

brotherhood
brotherhood
[Pangngalan]

the feeling of understanding and friendship between people

kapatiran, pakikipagkaibigan

kapatiran, pakikipagkaibigan

Ex: Brotherhood is not just about family; it’s about building strong, compassionate bonds with others who share your values and goals.

Ang kapatiran ay hindi lamang tungkol sa pamilya; ito ay tungkol sa pagbuo ng malakas, mapagmahal na ugnayan sa iba na nagbabahagi ng iyong mga halaga at layunin.

child
child
[Pangngalan]

a young person who has not reached puberty or adulthood yet

bata, anak

bata, anak

Ex: The school organized a field trip to the zoo , and the children were excited to see the animals up close .

Ang paaralan ay nag-organisa ng isang field trip sa zoo, at ang mga bata ay nasasabik na makita ang mga hayop nang malapitan.

childhood
childhood
[Pangngalan]

the period or time of being a child, characterized by significant physical and emotional growth

kabataan, panahon ng pagkabata

kabataan, panahon ng pagkabata

Ex: Emily 's love for reading began in her childhood, when she would lose herself in books for hours on end .

Ang pagmamahal ni Emily sa pagbabasa ay nagsimula sa kanyang kabataan, noong siya ay nawawala sa mga libro nang ilang oras.

distant
distant
[pang-uri]

having a great space or extent between two points

malayo,  malayong

malayo, malayong

Ex: His distant hometown was far beyond the horizon .

Ang kanyang malayong bayang sinilangan ay nasa malayo pa sa abot-tanaw.

distance
distance
[Pangngalan]

the length of the space that is between two places or points

distansya

distansya

Ex: The telescope allowed astronomers to accurately measure the distance to distant galaxies .

Ang teleskopyo ay nagbigay-daan sa mga astronomo na tumpak na sukatin ang distansya sa malalayong kalawakan.

to employ
to employ
[Pandiwa]

to give work to someone and pay them

umupa, mag-empleo

umupa, mag-empleo

Ex: We are planning to employ a gardener to maintain our large yard .

Plano naming umupa ng isang hardinero para alagaan ang aming malaking yard.

friendly
friendly
[pang-uri]

(of a person or their manner) kind and nice toward other people

palakaibigan, mabait

palakaibigan, mabait

Ex: Her friendly smile made the difficult conversation feel less awkward .

Ang kanyang palakaibigan na ngiti ay nagpabawas ng awkwardness sa mahirap na usapan.

friendliness
friendliness
[Pangngalan]

the state of being kind and pleasant toward others

pagiging palakaibigan,  kabaitan

pagiging palakaibigan, kabaitan

Ex: She was known for her friendliness and could always be counted on to brighten up the room with a smile .

Kilala siya sa kanyang pagkamagiliw at palaging maaasahan upang pasayahin ang silid ng isang ngiti.

to govern
to govern
[Pandiwa]

to regulate or control a person, course of action or event or the way something happens

regulahin, kontrolin

regulahin, kontrolin

Ex: The laws of physics govern the way objects move in the universe .

Ang mga batas ng pisika ang naghahari sa paraan ng paggalaw ng mga bagay sa sansinukob.

government
government
[Pangngalan]

the group of politicians in control of a country or state

pamahalaan, administrasyon

pamahalaan, administrasyon

Ex: In a democratic system , the government is chosen by the people through free and fair elections .

Sa isang demokratikong sistema, ang pamahalaan ay pinili ng mga tao sa pamamagitan ng malaya at patas na halalan.

ignorant
ignorant
[pang-uri]

lacking sophistication, worldly experience, or social refinement

mangmang, walang muwang

mangmang, walang muwang

Ex: The diplomat was frustrated by the ignorant questions from the audience .

Nabigo ang diplomatiko sa mga mangmang na tanong mula sa madla.

ignorance
ignorance
[Pangngalan]

the fact or state of not having the necessary information, knowledge, or understanding of something

kawalang-alam

kawalang-alam

Ex: The ignorance of some people about climate change highlights the need for more widespread awareness and education on environmental issues .

Ang kamangmangan ng ilang tao tungkol sa pagbabago ng klima ay nagpapakita ng pangangailangan para sa mas malawak na kamalayan at edukasyon sa mga isyung pangkapaligiran.

to improve
to improve
[Pandiwa]

to make a person or thing better

pagbutihin, pahusayin

pagbutihin, pahusayin

Ex: She took workshops to improve her language skills for career advancement .

Sumali siya sa mga workshop upang mapabuti ang kanyang mga kasanayan sa wika para sa pag-unlad ng karera.

improvement
improvement
[Pangngalan]

the action or process of making something better

pagpapabuti, pag-unlad

pagpapabuti, pag-unlad

Ex: Improvement in customer service boosted their reputation .

Ang pagpapabuti sa serbisyo sa customer ay nagpataas ng kanilang reputasyon.

to intend
to intend
[Pandiwa]

to have something in mind as a plan or purpose

balak, plano

balak, plano

Ex: I intend to start exercising regularly to improve my health .

Balak kong magsimulang mag-ehersisyo nang regular para mapabuti ang aking kalusugan.

intention
intention
[Pangngalan]

something that one is aiming, wanting, or planning to do

intensyon, layunin

intensyon, layunin

Ex: The defendant claimed that he had no intention of breaking the law , but the evidence suggested otherwise .

Ang akusado ay nag-angkin na wala siyang intensyon na labagin ang batas, ngunit ang ebidensya ay nagmumungkahi ng kabaligtaran.

loneliness
loneliness
[Pangngalan]

the state of not having any companions or company

kalungkutan

kalungkutan

Ex: The loneliness of the deserted island was overwhelming , with no signs of human life for miles .

Ang kalungkutan ng desyerto na isla ay napakalaki, na walang mga palatandaan ng buhay ng tao sa milya-milya.

race
race
[Pangngalan]

(biology) a taxonomic category below species that has a distinct feature from other groups in the same species

lahi, subspecies

lahi, subspecies

racism
racism
[Pangngalan]

harmful or unfair actions, words, or thoughts directed at people of different races, often based on the idea that one’s own race is more intelligent, moral, or worthy

rasismo, diskriminasyon sa lahi

rasismo, diskriminasyon sa lahi

Ex: Racism in the police force has been a long-standing issue .

Ang rasismo sa puwersa ng pulisya ay isang matagal nang isyu.

to reduce
to reduce
[Pandiwa]

to make something smaller in amount, degree, price, etc.

bawasan, pababain

bawasan, pababain

Ex: The chef suggested using alternative ingredients to reduce the calorie content of the dish .

Iminungkahi ng chef ang paggamit ng mga alternatibong sangkap upang bawasan ang calorie content ng ulam.

reduction
reduction
[Pangngalan]

a decline in amount, degree, etc. of a particular thing

pagbabawas, pag-unti

pagbabawas, pag-unti

Ex: The reduction in greenhouse gas emissions is crucial for combating climate change .

Ang pagbabawas ng mga emisyon ng greenhouse gas ay mahalaga para labanan ang pagbabago ng klima.

ugly
ugly
[pang-uri]

not pleasant to the mind or senses

pangit, nakakasuklam

pangit, nakakasuklam

Ex: The old , torn sweater she wore was ugly and outdated .

Ang lumang, punit-punit na suweter na kanyang suot ay pangit at lipas na.

ugliness
ugliness
[Pangngalan]

the state of being not attractive or not pleasing to the eye

pangit, kagaspangan

pangit, kagaspangan

Ex: Despite the ugliness of the storm clouds overhead , the rainbow that appeared afterward brightened the sky .

Sa kabila ng kapangitan ng mga ulap ng bagyo sa itaas, ang bahaghari na lumitaw pagkatapos ay nagpaliwanag sa kalangitan.

vandal
vandal
[Pangngalan]

someone who intentionally damages or destroys public or private property

bandal, taong sinadyang sumira ng ari-arian

bandal, taong sinadyang sumira ng ari-arian

Ex: As a punishment , the vandal was required to clean up the mess they had made and pay for the repairs .

Bilang parusa, ang vandal ay kinailangang linisin ang gulo na kanyang ginawa at bayaran ang mga pag-aayos.

vandalism
vandalism
[Pangngalan]

the illegal act of purposefully damaging a property belonging to another person or organization

pambababoy

pambababoy

Ex: Volunteers organized a cleanup effort to repair the damage caused by vandalism in the local park .

Ang mga boluntaryo ay nag-organisa ng isang cleanup effort upang ayusin ang pinsala na dulot ng vandalism sa lokal na parke.

lonely
lonely
[pang-uri]

feeling unhappy due to being alone or lacking companionship

malungkot, nag-iisa

malungkot, nag-iisa

Ex: Even in a crowd , she sometimes felt lonely and disconnected .

Kahit sa isang madla, minsan ay nakaramdam siya ng kalungkutan at hiwalay.

violent
violent
[pang-uri]

(of a person and their actions) using or involving physical force that is intended to damage or harm

marahas, agresibo

marahas, agresibo

Ex: The violent actions of the attacker were caught on camera .

Ang marahas na mga aksyon ng umaatake ay nahuli sa camera.

violence
violence
[Pangngalan]

a crime that is intentionally directed toward a person or thing to hurt, intimidate, or kill them

karahasan, kalupitan

karahasan, kalupitan

Ex: The city has seen a rise in violence over the past few months , leading to increased police presence .

Ang lungsod ay nakakita ng pagtaas sa karahasan sa nakaraang ilang buwan, na nagdulot ng mas maraming presensya ng pulisya.

weak
weak
[pang-uri]

structurally fragile or lacking durability

mahina, marupok

mahina, marupok

Ex: The dam failed at its weakest point during the flood.

Nabigo ang dam sa pinakamahina nitong punto sa panahon ng baha.

weakness
weakness
[Pangngalan]

lack of power or ability to act effectively

kahinaan, kahinaan ng kakayahan

kahinaan, kahinaan ng kakayahan

Ex: The company 's weakness became apparent in the crisis .

Ang kahinaan ng kumpanya ay naging maliwanag sa krisis.

loss
loss
[Pangngalan]

the act or process of no longer having someone or something

pagkawala, pagkalimot

pagkawala, pagkalimot

Ex: The storm resulted in a loss of crops .

Ang bagyo ay nagresulta sa pagkawala ng mga pananim.

to lose
to lose
[Pandiwa]

to be deprived of or stop having someone or something

mawala, mawalan

mawala, mawalan

Ex: If you do n't take precautions , you might lose your belongings in a crowded place .

Kung hindi ka mag-iingat, maaari mong mawala ang iyong mga gamit sa isang mataong lugar.

death
death
[Pangngalan]

the fact or act of dying

kamatayan, pagkamatay

kamatayan, pagkamatay

Ex: There has been an increase in deaths from cancer .

May pagtaas sa kamatayan dahil sa kanser.

to die
to die
[Pandiwa]

to no longer be alive

mamatay,  pumanaw

mamatay, pumanaw

Ex: The soldier sacrificed his life , willing to die for the safety of his comrades .

Ang sundalo ay nag-alay ng kanyang buhay, handang mamatay para sa kaligtasan ng kanyang mga kasamahan.

success
success
[Pangngalan]

the fact of reaching what one tried for or desired

tagumpay, pagkakamit

tagumpay, pagkakamit

Ex: Success comes with patience and effort .

Ang tagumpay ay dumarating sa pasensya at pagsisikap.

to succeed
to succeed
[Pandiwa]

to reach or achieve what one desired or tried for

magtagumpay, makaabot

magtagumpay, makaabot

Ex: He succeeded in winning the championship after years of rigorous training and competition .

Siya ay nagtagumpay sa pagwawagi ng kampeonato pagkatapos ng mga taon ng mahigpit na pagsasanay at kompetisyon.

thought
thought
[Pangngalan]

something that comes to one's mind, such as, an idea, image, etc.

isip, ideya

isip, ideya

Ex: She shared her thoughts on the book in a thoughtful review .

Ibinahagi niya ang kanyang mga saloobin tungkol sa libro sa isang maingat na pagsusuri.

to think
to think
[Pandiwa]

to have a type of belief or idea about a person or thing

mag-isip, maniwala

mag-isip, maniwala

Ex: What do you think of the new employee?

Ano ang iniisip mo tungkol sa bagong empleyado?

belief
belief
[Pangngalan]

a strong feeling of certainty that something or someone exists or is true; a strong feeling that something or someone is right or good

paniniwala, pananampalataya

paniniwala, pananampalataya

Ex: The team 's success was fueled by their collective belief in their ability to overcome challenges .

Ang tagumpay ng koponan ay pinalakas ng kanilang sama-samang paniniwala sa kanilang kakayahang malampasan ang mga hamon.

to believe
to believe
[Pandiwa]

to accept something to be true even without proof

maniwala, magtiwala

maniwala, magtiwala

Ex: You should n't believe everything you see on social media .

Hindi mo dapat paniwalaan ang lahat ng nakikita mo sa social media.

heat
heat
[Pangngalan]

a state of having a higher than normal temperature

init, alinsangan

init, alinsangan

Ex: The heat in the tropical forest was humid and stifling .

Ang init sa tropikal na gubat ay mahalumigmig at nakakasakal.

warm
warm
[pang-uri]

having a temperature that is high but not hot, especially in a way that is pleasant

mainit, maligamgam

mainit, maligamgam

Ex: They enjoyed a warm summer evening around the campfire .

Nasiyahan sila sa isang mainit na gabi ng tag-init sa paligid ng kampo.

strength
strength
[Pangngalan]

the quality or state of being physically or mentally strong

lakas, tatag

lakas, tatag

Ex: The company 's financial strength enabled it to withstand economic downturns .

Ang lakas pinansyal ng kumpanya ay nagbigay-daan dito upang makayanan ang mga pagbagsak ng ekonomiya.

strong
strong
[pang-uri]

having a lot of physical power

malakas, matatag

malakas, matatag

Ex: The athlete 's strong legs helped him run faster .

Ang malakas na mga binti ng atleta ay nakatulong sa kanya na tumakbo nang mas mabilis.

height
height
[Pangngalan]

the distance from the top to the bottom of something or someone

taas

taas

Ex: The height of the tree is approximately 30 meters .

Ang taas ng puno ay humigit-kumulang 30 metro.

high
high
[pang-uri]

having a relatively great vertical extent

mataas

mataas

Ex: The airplane flew at a high altitude , above the clouds .

Ang eroplano ay lumipad sa isang mataas na altitude, sa itaas ng mga ulap.

width
width
[Pangngalan]

the distance of something from side to side

lapad, lawak

lapad, lawak

Ex: When buying a rug , consider the width of the room for proper coverage .

Kapag bumili ng alpombra, isaalang-alang ang lapad ng silid para sa tamang saklaw.

wide
wide
[pang-uri]

having a large length from side to side

malawak, malapad

malawak, malapad

Ex: The fabric was 45 inches wide, perfect for making a set of curtains .

Ang tela ay 45 pulgada ang lapad, perpekto para sa paggawa ng isang set ng kurtina.

employment
employment
[Pangngalan]

the fact or state of having a regular paid job

empleo,  trabaho

empleo, trabaho

Ex: Many graduates struggle to find employment in their field immediately after finishing university .

Maraming nagtapos ang nahihirapang makahanap ng trabaho sa kanilang larangan kaagad pagkatapos ng unibersidad.

to entertain
to entertain
[Pandiwa]

to amuse someone so that they have an enjoyable time

aliw, libangin

aliw, libangin

Ex: The magician is entertaining the children with his magic tricks .

Ang salamangkero ay nag-e-entertain sa mga bata gamit ang kanyang mga magic trick.

entertainment
entertainment
[Pangngalan]

movies, television shows, etc. or an activity that is made for people to enjoy

aliwan

aliwan

Ex: The city offers a wide variety of entertainment options .

Ang lungsod ay nag-aalok ng iba't ibang opsyon sa libangan.

to excite
to excite
[Pandiwa]

to make a person feel interested or happy, particularly about something that will happen soon

pasiglahin, galakin

pasiglahin, galakin

Ex: The sight of snowflakes falling excited residents, heralding the arrival of winter.

Ang tanawin ng mga snowflakes na bumabagsak ay nagpasigla sa mga residente, na naghuhudyat ng pagdating ng taglamig.

excitement
excitement
[Pangngalan]

a strong feeling of enthusiasm and happiness

kagalakan, sigla

kagalakan, sigla

Ex: The rollercoaster lurched forward , screams of excitement echoing through the park as riders plunged down the first drop .

Ang rollercoaster ay biglang umusad pasulong, mga sigaw ng kagalakan ang umalingawngaw sa parke habang ang mga sakay ay bumabagsak sa unang pagbagsak.

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