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Vocabulario para IELTS Academic (Puntuación 5) - Physics

Aquí, aprenderás algunas palabras en inglés relacionadas con la Física que son necesarias para el examen académico básico de IELTS.

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Vocabulary for IELTS Academic (Band 5)
electron
[Sustantivo]

a small particle in an atom with negative charge

electrónica

electrónica

Ex: MRI machines track the spin of electrons to create detailed body images .Las máquinas de resonancia magnética rastrean el giro de los **electrones** para crear imágenes detalladas del cuerpo.
proton
[Sustantivo]

a small positively charged particle present in atoms

protón

protón

Ex: Without protons, atoms would have no positive charge to balance electrons .Sin **protones**, los átomos no tendrían carga positiva para equilibrar los electrones.
neutron
[Sustantivo]

a small particle with no charge present in atoms

neutrón, partícula neutra

neutrón, partícula neutra

Ex: Free neutrons decay into protons after ~15 minutes outside an atom .Los **neutrones** libres se desintegran en protones después de ~15 minutos fuera de un átomo.
quantum
[Sustantivo]

the smallest possible amount of a particular quantity that cannot be divided any further

cuanto, cantidad mínima indivisible

cuanto, cantidad mínima indivisible

Ex: Quantum electrodynamics is a quantum field theory that describes the interactions between electromagnetic fields and charged particles, such as electrons and photons.La **electrodinámica cuántica** es una teoría cuántica de campos que describe las interacciones entre los campos electromagnéticos y las partículas cargadas, como los electrones y los fotones.
energy
[Sustantivo]

(physics) a source of power that is required to do any work that may exist in potential, kinetic, thermal and other forms

energía

energía

Ex: Chemical energy stored in batteries powers electronic devices.La **energía** química almacenada en las baterías alimenta los dispositivos electrónicos.
force
[Sustantivo]

(physics) an effect that causes a body to move or change direction

fuerza

fuerza

Ex: She applied a force of 10 newtons to push the box across the floor .Aplicó una **fuerza** de 10 newtons para empujar la caja por el suelo.
gravity
[Sustantivo]

(physics) the universal force of attraction between any pair of objects with mass

gravedad

gravedad

Ex: The strength of gravity on Earth 's surface is approximately 9.81 meters per second squared ( m / s² ) .
wave
[Sustantivo]

(physics) an oscillating movement by which energy is transferred without the transport of matter, such as light and sound

onda

onda

Ex: The amplitude of a wave affects its energy .La amplitud de una **onda** afecta su energía.
tension
[Sustantivo]

(physics) the state of being under pressure as a result of getting stretched

tensión, presión

tensión, presión

Ex: When two teams tug a rope equally , the tension at the center is zero .
pressure
[Sustantivo]

(physics) the amount of force exerted per area that is measured in pascal, newton per square meter, etc.

presión

presión

Ex: Submarines withstand immense water pressure at great depths .Los submarinos resisten una inmensa **presión** del agua a grandes profundidades.
elasticity
[Sustantivo]

the ability to go back to the original form after being stretched

elasticidad

elasticidad

Ex: Engineers test the elasticity of materials to ensure durability .Los ingenieros prueban **la elasticidad** de los materiales para garantizar su durabilidad.
density
[Sustantivo]

(physics) the degree to which a substance is compacted, measured by dividing its mass by its volume

densidad

densidad

Ex: To determine the density of an object , you divide its mass by its volume .Para determinar la **densidad** de un objeto, divides su masa por su volumen.
fusion
[Sustantivo]

(physics) a nuclear reaction by which the nuclei of atoms combine and form a heavier nucleus, producing nuclear energy

fusión

fusión

Ex: The ITER project tests magnetic confinement for controlled fusion.El proyecto ITER prueba el confinamiento magnético para la **fusión** controlada.
relativity
[Sustantivo]

a theory that explains the relationship between motion, space, and time

relatividad

relatividad

Ex: Mercury 's orbit confirmed general relativity's accuracy .
potential
[Sustantivo]

the energy difference that drives current, typically measured in volts

potencial, tensión

potencial, tensión

Ex: The technician adjusted the circuit to maintain a consistent potential throughout the system .El técnico ajustó el circuito para mantener un **potencial** constante en todo el sistema.
particle
[Sustantivo]

(physics) any of the smallest units that energy or matter consists of, such as electrons, atoms, molecules, etc.

partícula

partícula

Ex: Scientists study the movement and interactions of particles to understand the fundamental forces of nature .Los científicos estudian el movimiento y las interacciones de las **partículas** para comprender las fuerzas fundamentales de la naturaleza.
magnetism
[Sustantivo]

a phenomenon of attracting and repulsing forces that a moving electrical charge produces

magnetismo, fuerza magnética

magnetismo, fuerza magnética

Ex: The lecture explained how magnetism and electricity are intertwined .
current
[Sustantivo]

a flow of electricity resulted from the movement of electrically charged particles in a direction

corriente

corriente

Ex: The alternator produces a current by moving charged particles within its magnetic field .El alternador produce una **corriente** moviendo partículas cargadas dentro de su campo magnético.
voltage
[Sustantivo]

total potential energy provided by a power source

voltaje

voltaje

Ex: Industrial machines require 480V to operate.
Vocabulario para IELTS Academic (Puntuación 5)
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