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Slovní zásoba pro IELTS Academic (Skóre 5) - Physics

Zde se naučíte některá anglická slova související s fyzikou, která jsou nezbytná pro základní akademickou zkoušku IELTS.

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Vocabulary for IELTS Academic (Band 5)
electron
electron
[Podstatné jméno]

a small particle in an atom with negative charge

elektron, malá částice v atomu se záporným nábojem

elektron, malá částice v atomu se záporným nábojem

Ex: Electrons flow through wires to create electric current. 
proton
proton
[Podstatné jméno]

a small positively charged particle present in atoms

proton

proton

Ex: The number of protons in an atom defines its atomic number. 
neutron
neutron
[Podstatné jméno]

a small particle with no charge present in atoms

neutron, neutrální částice

neutron, neutrální částice

Ex: Neutrons act as "glue" in the nucleus, preventing proton repulsion. 
quantum
quantum
[Podstatné jméno]

the smallest possible amount of a particular quantity that cannot be divided any further

kvantum, nejmenší možná nedělitelná množství

kvantum, nejmenší možná nedělitelná množství

Ex: The behavior of subatomic particles is governed by the principles of quantum mechanics. 
energy
energy
[Podstatné jméno]

(physics) a source of power that is required to do any work that may exist in potential, kinetic, thermal and other forms

energie, výkon

energie, výkon

Ex: The energy required to lift the box depends on its weight and the height it is lifted. 
force
force
[Podstatné jméno]

(physics) an effect that causes a body to move or change direction

síla

síla

Ex: Gravity is the force that keeps planets in orbit around the sun. 
gravity
gravity
[Podstatné jméno]

(physics) the universal force of attraction between any pair of objects with mass

gravitace

gravitace

Ex: Gravity is what keeps the planets in orbit around the Sun and the Moon in orbit around the Earth. 
wave
wave
[Podstatné jméno]

(physics) an oscillating movement by which energy is transferred without the transport of matter, such as light and sound

vlna, kmitání

vlna, kmitání

Ex: Light travels through space in the form of a wave. 
tension
tension
[Podstatné jméno]

(physics) the state of being under pressure as a result of getting stretched

napětí, tlak

napětí, tlak

Ex: The tension in the rope increased as the weight was lifted. 
pressure
pressure
[Podstatné jméno]

(physics) the amount of force exerted per area that is measured in pascal, newton per square meter, etc.

tlak, fyzikální tlak

tlak, fyzikální tlak

Ex: The pressure inside the scuba tank reached 200 atmospheres. 
elasticity
elasticity
[Podstatné jméno]

the ability to go back to the original form after being stretched

elasticita

elasticita

Ex: The elasticity of the rubber band allowed it to snap back into place. 
density
density
[Podstatné jméno]

(physics) the degree to which a substance is compacted, measured by dividing its mass by its volume

hustota, objemová hmotnost

hustota, objemová hmotnost

Ex: The density of water is approximately 1 gram per cubic centimeter (g/cm³). 
fusion
fusion
[Podstatné jméno]

(physics) a nuclear reaction by which the nuclei of atoms combine and form a heavier nucleus, producing nuclear energy

fúze, jaderná fúze

fúze, jaderná fúze

Ex: The sun's energy comes from hydrogen fusion into helium. 
relativity
relativity
[Podstatné jméno]

a theory that explains the relationship between motion, space, and time

relativita

relativita

Ex: Relativity explains why GPS satellites must adjust their clocks for Earth's gravity. 
potential
potential
[Podstatné jméno]

the energy difference that drives current, typically measured in volts

potenciál, napětí

potenciál, napětí

Ex: The potential across the battery terminals was measured at 12 volts. 
particle
particle
[Podstatné jméno]

(physics) any of the smallest units that energy or matter consists of, such as electrons, atoms, molecules, etc.

částice

částice

Ex: Electrons are fundamental particles with a negative electric charge. 
magnetism
magnetism
[Podstatné jméno]

a phenomenon of attracting and repulsing forces that a moving electrical charge produces

magnetismus, magnetická síla

magnetismus, magnetická síla

Ex: Earth's magnetism guides compass needles toward the north pole. 
current
current
[Podstatné jméno]

a flow of electricity resulted from the movement of electrically charged particles in a direction

proud, elektrický proud

proud, elektrický proud

Ex: An alternating current is commonly used to power household appliances. 
voltage
voltage
[Podstatné jméno]

total potential energy provided by a power source

napětí, voltáž

napětí, voltáž

Ex: This power outlet delivers 120V, but your device needs 240V. 
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