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IELTS Academicの語彙 (スコア5) - Physics

ここでは、基本的なアカデミックIELTS試験に必要な物理学に関連するいくつかの英語の単語を学びます。

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Vocabulary for IELTS Academic (Band 5)
electron
[名詞]

a small particle in an atom with negative charge

電子, 負の電荷を持つ原子内の小さな粒子

電子, 負の電荷を持つ原子内の小さな粒子

Ex: MRI machines track the spin of electrons to create detailed body images .MRI装置は、体の詳細な画像を作成するために**電子**のスピンを追跡します。
proton
[名詞]

a small positively charged particle present in atoms

陽子

陽子

Ex: Without protons, atoms would have no positive charge to balance electrons .**陽子**がなければ、原子は電子をバランスさせる正の電荷を持たない。
neutron
[名詞]

a small particle with no charge present in atoms

中性子, 中性粒子

中性子, 中性粒子

Ex: Free neutrons decay into protons after ~15 minutes outside an atom .自由**中性子**は、原子の外で約15分後に陽子に崩壊します。
quantum
[名詞]

the smallest possible amount of a particular quantity that cannot be divided any further

量子, これ以上分割できない最小量

量子, これ以上分割できない最小量

Ex: Quantum electrodynamics is a quantum field theory that describes the interactions between electromagnetic fields and charged particles, such as electrons and photons.**量子電気力学**は、電磁場と電子や光子などの荷電粒子との間の相互作用を記述する量子場の理論です。
energy
[名詞]

(physics) a source of power that is required to do any work that may exist in potential, kinetic, thermal and other forms

エネルギー, 力

エネルギー, 力

Ex: Chemical energy stored in batteries powers electronic devices.バッテリーに蓄えられた化学**エネルギー**が電子機器に電力を供給します。
force
[名詞]

(physics) an effect that causes a body to move or change direction

力

Ex: She applied a force of 10 newtons to push the box across the floor .彼女は箱を床の上で押すために10ニュートンの**力**を加えた。
gravity
[名詞]

(physics) the universal force of attraction between any pair of objects with mass

重力

重力

Ex: The strength of gravity on Earth 's surface is approximately 9.81 meters per second squared ( m / s² ) .
wave
[名詞]

(physics) an oscillating movement by which energy is transferred without the transport of matter, such as light and sound

波, 振動

波, 振動

Ex: The amplitude of a wave affects its energy .**波**の振幅はそのエネルギーに影響を与えます。
tension
[名詞]

(physics) the state of being under pressure as a result of getting stretched

張力, 圧力

張力, 圧力

Ex: When two teams tug a rope equally , the tension at the center is zero .
pressure
[名詞]

(physics) the amount of force exerted per area that is measured in pascal, newton per square meter, etc.

圧力, 物理的圧力

圧力, 物理的圧力

Ex: Submarines withstand immense water pressure at great depths .潜水艦は、深い深度で巨大な水の**圧力**に耐えます。
elasticity
[名詞]

the ability to go back to the original form after being stretched

弾力性

弾力性

Ex: Engineers test the elasticity of materials to ensure durability .エンジニアは材料の**弾力性**をテストして耐久性を確保します。
density
[名詞]

(physics) the degree to which a substance is compacted, measured by dividing its mass by its volume

密度, 体積密度

密度, 体積密度

Ex: To determine the density of an object , you divide its mass by its volume .物体の**密度**を決定するには、その質量を体積で割ります。
fusion
[名詞]

(physics) a nuclear reaction by which the nuclei of atoms combine and form a heavier nucleus, producing nuclear energy

融合, 核融合

融合, 核融合

Ex: The ITER project tests magnetic confinement for controlled fusion.ITERプロジェクトは、制御された**核融合**のための磁気閉じ込めをテストしています。
relativity
[名詞]

a theory that explains the relationship between motion, space, and time

相対性

相対性

Ex: Mercury 's orbit confirmed general relativity's accuracy .
potential
[名詞]

the energy difference that drives current, typically measured in volts

電位, 電圧

電位, 電圧

Ex: The technician adjusted the circuit to maintain a consistent potential throughout the system .技術者は、システム全体で一貫した**電位**を維持するために回路を調整しました。
particle
[名詞]

(physics) any of the smallest units that energy or matter consists of, such as electrons, atoms, molecules, etc.

粒子

粒子

Ex: Scientists study the movement and interactions of particles to understand the fundamental forces of nature .科学者たちは、自然の基本的な力を理解するために**粒子**の運動と相互作用を研究します。
magnetism
[名詞]

a phenomenon of attracting and repulsing forces that a moving electrical charge produces

磁気, 磁力

磁気, 磁力

Ex: The lecture explained how magnetism and electricity are intertwined .
current
[名詞]

a flow of electricity resulted from the movement of electrically charged particles in a direction

電流, 電気の流れ

電流, 電気の流れ

Ex: The alternator produces a current by moving charged particles within its magnetic field .オルタネーターは、磁場内で荷電粒子を移動させることで**電流**を生成します。
voltage
[名詞]

total potential energy provided by a power source

電圧, ボルテージ

電圧, ボルテージ

Ex: Industrial machines require 480V to operate.
IELTS Academicの語彙 (スコア5)
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