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Ciencias Naturales SAT - Botánica y Jardinería

Aquí aprenderás algunas palabras en inglés relacionadas con la botánica y la jardinería, como "bienal", "micología", "sépalo", etc., que necesitarás para superar tus SATs.

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SAT Vocabulary for Natural Sciences
botanist
[Sustantivo]

a student of or specialist in the scientific study of plants, their structure, genetics, classification, etc.

botánico, especialista en botánica

botánico, especialista en botánica

Ex: The botanist worked with conservationists to protect endangered plant species from habitat loss due to deforestation .El **botánico** trabajó con conservacionistas para proteger especies de plantas en peligro de extinción por la pérdida de hábitat debido a la deforestación.
biennial
[Sustantivo]

a plant that lives for two years and in its second year produces seeds and flowers

planta bienal

planta bienal

evergreen
[Sustantivo]

any type of plant with leaves that remain green throughout the year

árbol de hoja perenne

árbol de hoja perenne

Ex: The old cemetery was surrounded by tall evergreens, their steady presence offering a sense of peace and continuity.El antiguo cementerio estaba rodeado de altos **árboles de hoja perenne**, su presencia constante ofreciendo una sensación de paz y continuidad.
patch
[Sustantivo]

a small plot of land that is used for growing a particular type of crops or plants

terreno, parcela

terreno, parcela

foliage
[Sustantivo]

a plant or tree's branches and leaves collectively

follaje

follaje

Ex: In autumn , the foliage of the trees turns brilliant shades of red and orange .En otoño, **el follaje** de los árboles adquiere tonos brillantes de rojo y naranja.
bulb
[Sustantivo]

the ball-shaped root of some plants that grows anew every year

bulbo

bulbo

Ex: The onion bulb grew underground and was harvested for cooking .El **bulbo** de cebolla creció bajo tierra y fue cosechado para cocinar.
potting soil
[Sustantivo]

a specially formulated mixture of organic and inorganic materials used to grow plants in containers

tierra para macetas, sustrato para macetas

tierra para macetas, sustrato para macetas

crown
[Sustantivo]

the top part of a tree or other plant

copa

copa

Ex: The dense crown of the fir tree provided excellent shelter for wildlife during the winter .La **copa** densa del abeto proporcionó un excelente refugio para la vida silvestre durante el invierno.
terrarium
[Sustantivo]

a sealed or open container for growing and displaying small plants, often used as a decorative piece indoors

terrario, jardín en miniatura

terrario, jardín en miniatura

Ex: Terrariums require occasional watering and indirect sunlight to thrive .Los **terrarios** requieren riego ocasional y luz solar indirecta para prosperar.
to prune
[Verbo]

to cut off top part or some branches of trees, bushes, or other plants to help them grow faster

podar

podar

Ex: He prunes the grapevines in the vineyard to remove excess growth and improve grape quality .Él **poda** las vides en el viñedo para eliminar el crecimiento excesivo y mejorar la calidad de la uva.
to graft
[Verbo]

to cut and join a piece of a living plant to another plant so that it can continue growing from there

injertar

injertar

grove
[Sustantivo]

a small group of trees planted closely together, often cultivated for their ornamental value or fruit production

arboleda, huerto

arboleda, huerto

Ex: Gardeners planted a grove of redwoods to create a shaded retreat in the park .Los jardineros plantaron **un bosquecillo** de secuoyas para crear un refugio sombreado en el parque.

to deposit pollen on a plant or flower so that it can produce new seeds or fruit

polinizar

polinizar

Ex: Some plants , like corn , are pollinated by the wind , while others , like tomatoes , rely on bees .Algunas plantas, como el maíz, son **polinizadas** por el viento, mientras que otras, como los tomates, dependen de las abejas.
photosynthesis
[Sustantivo]

a process in green plants during which the plant synthesizes using water and carbon dioxide

fotosíntesis

fotosíntesis

vegetation
[Sustantivo]

trees and plants in general, particularly those of a specific habitat or area

vegetación

vegetación

Ex: The boreal forest 's vegetation, dominated by evergreen conifers , stretches for miles across the northern latitudes , with sparse undergrowth due to the harsh climate .La **vegetación** del bosque boreal, dominada por coníferas perennes, se extiende por millas a través de las latitudes del norte, con un sotobosque escaso debido al clima severo.
phytoremediation
[Sustantivo]

the use of plants to clean up soil, water, and air contaminated with hazardous pollutants

fitorremediación, descontaminación por plantas

fitorremediación, descontaminación por plantas

mycology
[Sustantivo]

the scientific study of fungi, including their taxonomy, biology, ecology, and uses

micología

micología

Ex: A course in mycology covers topics such as fungal morphology , reproduction , and cultivation techniques .Un curso de **micología** cubre temas como la morfología fúngica, la reproducción y las técnicas de cultivo.
spore germination
[Sustantivo]

the process by which the reproductive unit of the plants or fungi begins to grow and develop into a new organism

germinación de esporas, proceso de germinación de esporas

germinación de esporas, proceso de germinación de esporas

phototropism
[Sustantivo]

the tendency of plants to grow toward or away from light, influenced by the direction and intensity of light

fototropismo, tropismo hacia la luz

fototropismo, tropismo hacia la luz

Ex: Farmers use knowledge of phototropism to optimize crop placement for maximum sunlight exposure .Los agricultores utilizan el conocimiento del **fototropismo** para optimizar la ubicación de los cultivos y maximizar la exposición a la luz solar.
stalk
[Sustantivo]

the slender, elongated part of a plant that supports leaves, flowers, or fruits

tallo, rabillo

tallo, rabillo

Ex: They picked the juicy tomatoes , gently twisting the stalks to separate them from the vine .Escogieron los tomates jugosos, torciendo suavemente los **tallos** para separarlos de la vid.
sprout
[Sustantivo]

a new growth or bud on a plant, typically emerging from a seed, bulb, or dormant bud

brote, germen

brote, germen

Ex: The basil plant had several new sprouts after being pruned .La planta de albahaca tenía varios nuevos **brotes** después de ser podada.
taproot
[Sustantivo]

the primary, central root of a plant that grows vertically downward, typically thicker than other roots, anchoring the plant and absorbing water and nutrients

raíz pivotante, raíz principal

raíz pivotante, raíz principal

Ex: The taproot system of oak trees extends deep into the soil for stability and support .El sistema de **raíz principal** de los robles se extiende profundamente en el suelo para estabilidad y soporte.
sepal
[Sustantivo]

the outermost part of a flower, typically green and leaf-like in appearance, protecting the flower bud before it opens

sépalo, cáliz

sépalo, cáliz

Ex: During pollination , sepals may change color or shape to attract pollinators like bees .Durante la polinización, los **sépalos** pueden cambiar de color o forma para atraer polinizadores como las abejas.
dandelion
[Sustantivo]

a small plant of the daisy family with a yellow flower that turns into a fluffy white ball of seeds

diente de león

diente de león

tulip
[Sustantivo]

a flower shaped like a cup that has bright colors and blossoms in spring

tulipán

tulipán

Ex: In the spring , the tulip fields stretched as far as the eye could see , attracting many visitors for a picturesque view .En primavera, los campos de **tulipanes** se extendían hasta donde alcanzaba la vista, atrayendo a muchos visitantes por una vista pintoresca.
stoma
[Sustantivo]

a microscopic pore found on the surface of leaves and stems of plants, involved in gas exchange, including the uptake of carbon dioxide and release of oxygen and water vapor

estoma, poro estomático

estoma, poro estomático

Ex: The stoma provides a pathway for gases to move in and out of the plant 's tissues during photosynthesis .El **estoma** proporciona un camino para que los gases entren y salgan de los tejidos de la planta durante la fotosíntesis.
algae
[Sustantivo]

plants without true roots, leaves, or stems, which grow in or near a body of water, such as seaweeds

alga

alga

Ex: The scientists studied various types of algae to understand their potential for biofuel production .Los científicos estudiaron varios tipos de **algas** para comprender su potencial en la producción de biocombustibles.
phytoplankton
[Sustantivo]

the microscopic, photosynthetic organisms found in aquatic environments, such as oceans, lakes, and rivers, forming the base of the aquatic food chain

fitoplancton, plancton vegetal

fitoplancton, plancton vegetal

Ex: Phytoplankton blooms provide essential nutrients for marine organisms and help regulate Earth 's climate .Los **florecimientos de fitoplancton** proporcionan nutrientes esenciales para los organismos marinos y ayudan a regular el clima de la Tierra.
viburnum
[Sustantivo]

a genus of flowering shrubs and small trees known for their clusters of white or pink flowers, followed by berries, commonly found in temperate regions

viburno, mundillo

viburno, mundillo

Ex: Botanists study the diversity of viburnum species across different climatic zones.Los botánicos estudian la diversidad de especies de **viburnum** en diferentes zonas climáticas.
moss
[Sustantivo]

a small, non-vascular plant that lacks true roots, stems, and leaves, typically forming dense green mats or cushions in damp or shady environments

musgo, briofito

musgo, briofito

Ex: Researchers study moss diversity and adaptation to understand their ecological roles in various habitats.Los investigadores estudian la diversidad y adaptación del **musgo** para comprender sus roles ecológicos en diversos hábitats.
seaweed
[Sustantivo]

a type of plant that grows in or near the sea

alga, alga marina

alga, alga marina

Ex: The beach was littered with seaweed after the storm , creating a natural carpet of green and brown .La playa estaba llena de **algas** después de la tormenta, creando una alfombra natural de verde y marrón.
peony
[Sustantivo]

a flowering plant known for its large, showy blossoms with lush, often fragrant petals

peonía, rosa de China

peonía, rosa de China

euphorbia
[Sustantivo]

a plant in the family Euphorbiaceae, known for their diverse forms from succulents to shrubs, typically characterized by milky sap and unique flower structures

euforbia, planta de la familia Euphorbiaceae

euforbia, planta de la familia Euphorbiaceae

Ex: Botanists study euphorbias to understand their ecological roles and evolutionary adaptations .Los botánicos estudian las **euforbias** para comprender sus roles ecológicos y adaptaciones evolutivas.
sprig
[Sustantivo]

a small, slender branch or shoot with leaves, commonly used in decorative arrangements or for propagation in gardening and landscaping

ramita, retoño

ramita, retoño

Ex: A sprig of ivy draped elegantly over the garden trellis , adding a touch of greenery .Una **ramita** de hiedra colgaba elegantemente sobre el enrejado del jardín, añadiendo un toque de verdor.
Ciencias Naturales SAT
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