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Scienze Naturali SAT - Botanica e Giardinaggio

Qui imparerai alcune parole inglesi relative alla botanica e al giardinaggio, come "biennale", "micologia", "sepalo", ecc., che ti serviranno per superare i tuoi SAT.

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SAT Vocabulary for Natural Sciences
botanist
[sostantivo]

a student of or specialist in the scientific study of plants, their structure, genetics, classification, etc.

botanico

botanico

Ex: The botanist worked with conservationists to protect endangered plant species from habitat loss due to deforestation .Il **botanico** ha lavorato con i conservazionisti per proteggere le specie vegetali in via di estinzione dalla perdita di habitat a causa della deforestazione.
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biennial
[sostantivo]

a plant that lives for two years and in its second year produces seeds and flowers

biennale

biennale

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evergreen
[sostantivo]

any type of plant with leaves that remain green throughout the year

sempreverde

sempreverde

Ex: The old cemetery was surrounded by tall evergreens, their steady presence offering a sense of peace and continuity.Il vecchio cimitero era circondato da alti **alberi sempreverdi**, la loro presenza costante offriva un senso di pace e continuità.
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patch
[sostantivo]

a small plot of land that is used for growing a particular type of crops or plants

appezzamento, lotto

appezzamento, lotto

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foliage
[sostantivo]

a plant or tree's branches and leaves collectively

fogliame

fogliame

Ex: In autumn , the foliage of the trees turns brilliant shades of red and orange .In autunno, **il fogliame** degli alberi assume tonalità brillanti di rosso e arancione.
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bulb
[sostantivo]

the ball-shaped root of some plants that grows anew every year

bulbo

bulbo

Ex: The onion bulb grew underground and was harvested for cooking .Il **bulbo** di cipolla è cresciuto sottoterra ed è stato raccolto per cucinare.
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potting soil
[sostantivo]

a specially formulated mixture of organic and inorganic materials used to grow plants in containers

terriccio per vasi, substrato per vasi

terriccio per vasi, substrato per vasi

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crown
[sostantivo]

the top part of a tree or other plant

cima

cima

Ex: The dense crown of the fir tree provided excellent shelter for wildlife during the winter .La **chioma** densa dell'abete forniva un ottimo riparo per la fauna selvatica durante l'inverno.
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terrarium
[sostantivo]

a sealed or open container for growing and displaying small plants, often used as a decorative piece indoors

terrario, giardino in miniatura

terrario, giardino in miniatura

Ex: Terrariums require occasional watering and indirect sunlight to thrive .I **terrari** richiedono annaffiature occasionali e luce solare indiretta per prosperare.
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to prune
[Verbo]

to cut off top part or some branches of trees, bushes, or other plants to help them grow faster

potare, tagliare

potare, tagliare

Ex: He prunes the grapevines in the vineyard to remove excess growth and improve grape quality .Lui **potatura** le viti nel vigneto per rimuovere la crescita in eccesso e migliorare la qualità dell'uva.
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to graft
[Verbo]

to cut and join a piece of a living plant to another plant so that it can continue growing from there

innestare, trapiantare

innestare, trapiantare

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grove
[sostantivo]

a small group of trees planted closely together, often cultivated for their ornamental value or fruit production

boschetto, frutteto

boschetto, frutteto

Ex: Gardeners planted a grove of redwoods to create a shaded retreat in the park .I giardinieri hanno piantato **un boschetto** di sequoie per creare un rifugio ombreggiato nel parco.
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to deposit pollen on a plant or flower so that it can produce new seeds or fruit

impollinare

impollinare

Ex: Some plants , like corn , are pollinated by the wind , while others , like tomatoes , rely on bees .Alcune piante, come il mais, vengono **impollinate** dal vento, mentre altre, come i pomodori, dipendono dalle api.
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photosynthesis
[sostantivo]

a process in green plants during which the plant synthesizes using water and carbon dioxide

fotosintesi

fotosintesi

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vegetation
[sostantivo]

trees and plants in general, particularly those of a specific habitat or area

vegetazione

vegetazione

Ex: The boreal forest 's vegetation, dominated by evergreen conifers , stretches for miles across the northern latitudes , with sparse undergrowth due to the harsh climate .La **vegetazione** della foresta boreale, dominata da conifere sempreverdi, si estende per miglia attraverso le latitudini settentrionali, con una rada sottobosco a causa del clima rigido.
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phytoremediation
[sostantivo]

the use of plants to clean up soil, water, and air contaminated with hazardous pollutants

fitodepurazione, bonifica tramite piante

fitodepurazione, bonifica tramite piante

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mycology
[sostantivo]

the scientific study of fungi, including their taxonomy, biology, ecology, and uses

micologia

micologia

Ex: A course in mycology covers topics such as fungal morphology , reproduction , and cultivation techniques .Un corso di **micologia** tratta argomenti come la morfologia fungina, la riproduzione e le tecniche di coltivazione.
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spore germination
[sostantivo]

the process by which the reproductive unit of the plants or fungi begins to grow and develop into a new organism

germinazione delle spore, processo di germinazione delle spore

germinazione delle spore, processo di germinazione delle spore

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phototropism
[sostantivo]

the tendency of plants to grow toward or away from light, influenced by the direction and intensity of light

fototropismo, tropismo verso la luce

fototropismo, tropismo verso la luce

Ex: Farmers use knowledge of phototropism to optimize crop placement for maximum sunlight exposure .Gli agricoltori utilizzano la conoscenza del **fototropismo** per ottimizzare il posizionamento delle colture al fine di massimizzare l'esposizione alla luce solare.
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stalk
[sostantivo]

the slender, elongated part of a plant that supports leaves, flowers, or fruits

gambo, stelo

gambo, stelo

Ex: They picked the juicy tomatoes , gently twisting the stalks to separate them from the vine .Hanno scelto i pomodori succosi, torcendo delicatamente i **gambi** per separarli dalla vite.
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sprout
[sostantivo]

a new growth or bud on a plant, typically emerging from a seed, bulb, or dormant bud

germoglio, bocciolo

germoglio, bocciolo

Ex: The basil plant had several new sprouts after being pruned .La pianta di basilico aveva diversi nuovi **germogli** dopo essere stata potata.
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taproot
[sostantivo]

the primary, central root of a plant that grows vertically downward, typically thicker than other roots, anchoring the plant and absorbing water and nutrients

radice fittonante, radice principale

radice fittonante, radice principale

Ex: The taproot system of oak trees extends deep into the soil for stability and support .Il sistema di **radice fittonante** delle querce si estende in profondità nel terreno per stabilità e supporto.
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sepal
[sostantivo]

the outermost part of a flower, typically green and leaf-like in appearance, protecting the flower bud before it opens

sepalo, calice

sepalo, calice

Ex: During pollination , sepals may change color or shape to attract pollinators like bees .Durante l'impollinazione, i **sepali** possono cambiare colore o forma per attirare gli impollinatori come le api.
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dandelion
[sostantivo]

a small plant of the daisy family with a yellow flower that turns into a fluffy white ball of seeds

soffione

soffione

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tulip
[sostantivo]

a flower shaped like a cup that has bright colors and blossoms in spring

tulipano

tulipano

Ex: In the spring , the tulip fields stretched as far as the eye could see , attracting many visitors for a picturesque view .In primavera, i campi di **tulipani** si estendevano a perdita d'occhio, attirando molti visitatori per una vista pittoresca.
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stoma
[sostantivo]

a microscopic pore found on the surface of leaves and stems of plants, involved in gas exchange, including the uptake of carbon dioxide and release of oxygen and water vapor

stoma, poro stomatico

stoma, poro stomatico

Ex: The stoma provides a pathway for gases to move in and out of the plant 's tissues during photosynthesis .Lo **stoma** fornisce un percorso per i gas per entrare e uscire dai tessuti della pianta durante la fotosintesi.
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algae
[sostantivo]

plants without true roots, leaves, or stems, which grow in or near a body of water, such as seaweeds

alga

alga

Ex: The scientists studied various types of algae to understand their potential for biofuel production .Gli scienziati hanno studiato vari tipi di **alghe** per comprenderne il potenziale nella produzione di biocarburanti.
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phytoplankton
[sostantivo]

the microscopic, photosynthetic organisms found in aquatic environments, such as oceans, lakes, and rivers, forming the base of the aquatic food chain

fitoplancton, plancton vegetale

fitoplancton, plancton vegetale

Ex: Phytoplankton blooms provide essential nutrients for marine organisms and help regulate Earth 's climate .Le **fioriture di fitoplancton** forniscono nutrienti essenziali per gli organismi marini e aiutano a regolare il clima della Terra.
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viburnum
[sostantivo]

a genus of flowering shrubs and small trees known for their clusters of white or pink flowers, followed by berries, commonly found in temperate regions

viburno, palla di neve

viburno, palla di neve

Ex: Botanists study the diversity of viburnum species across different climatic zones.I botanici studiano la diversità delle specie di **viburno** in diverse zone climatiche.
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moss
[sostantivo]

a small, non-vascular plant that lacks true roots, stems, and leaves, typically forming dense green mats or cushions in damp or shady environments

muschio, briofita

muschio, briofita

Ex: Researchers study moss diversity and adaptation to understand their ecological roles in various habitats.I ricercatori studiano la diversità e l'adattamento del **muschio** per comprenderne i ruoli ecologici in vari habitat.
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seaweed
[sostantivo]

a type of plant that grows in or near the sea

alga marina

alga marina

Ex: The beach was littered with seaweed after the storm , creating a natural carpet of green and brown .La spiaggia era disseminata di **alghe** dopo la tempesta, creando un tappeto naturale di verde e marrone.
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peony
[sostantivo]

a flowering plant known for its large, showy blossoms with lush, often fragrant petals

peonia, rosa cinese

peonia, rosa cinese

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euphorbia
[sostantivo]

a plant in the family Euphorbiaceae, known for their diverse forms from succulents to shrubs, typically characterized by milky sap and unique flower structures

euforbia, pianta della famiglia Euphorbiaceae

euforbia, pianta della famiglia Euphorbiaceae

Ex: Botanists study euphorbias to understand their ecological roles and evolutionary adaptations .I botanici studiano le **euforbie** per comprenderne i ruoli ecologici e gli adattamenti evolutivi.
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sprig
[sostantivo]

a small, slender branch or shoot with leaves, commonly used in decorative arrangements or for propagation in gardening and landscaping

ramoscello, germoglio

ramoscello, germoglio

Ex: A sprig of ivy draped elegantly over the garden trellis , adding a touch of greenery .Un **ramoscello** di edera drappeggiato elegantemente sul traliccio del giardino, aggiungendo un tocco di verde.
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