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Přírodní Vědy SAT - Botanika a Zahradnictví

Zde se naučíte některá anglická slova související s botanikou a zahradnictvím, jako je "dvouletý", "mykologie", "kališní lístek" atd., která budete potřebovat k úspěšnému složení SAT.

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SAT Vocabulary for Natural Sciences
botanist
botanist
[Podstatné jméno]

a student of or specialist in the scientific study of plants, their structure, genetics, classification, etc.

botanik, specialista na botaniku

botanik, specialista na botaniku

Ex: The botanist spent years cataloging rare plant species in the Amazon rainforest to understand their ecological role. 
biennial
biennial
[Podstatné jméno]

a plant that lives for two years and in its second year produces seeds and flowers

dvouletka, dvouletá rostlina

dvouletka, dvouletá rostlina

evergreen
evergreen
[Podstatné jméno]

any type of plant with leaves that remain green throughout the year

stálezelená rostlina, jehličnan

stálezelená rostlina, jehličnan

Ex: They admired the row of evergreens lining the driveway, adding year-round beauty and privacy. 
patch
patch
[Podstatné jméno]

a small plot of land that is used for growing a particular type of crops or plants

parcela, pole

parcela, pole

foliage
foliage
[Podstatné jméno]

a plant or tree's branches and leaves collectively

listí, vegetace

listí, vegetace

Ex: The dense foliage provided a cool shade on a hot day. 
bulb
bulb
[Podstatné jméno]

the ball-shaped root of some plants that grows anew every year

cibule, hlíza

cibule, hlíza

Ex: She discovered a forgotten bulb of garlic in the pantry and decided to use it in her recipe. 
potting soil
potting soil
[Podstatné jméno]

a specially formulated mixture of organic and inorganic materials used to grow plants in containers

květinový substrát, směs pro pěstování v nádobách

květinový substrát, směs pro pěstování v nádobách

crown
crown
[Podstatné jméno]

the top part of a tree or other plant

koruna, vrchol

koruna, vrchol

Ex: The bird built its nest in the crown of the tall oak tree, safe from predators. 
terrarium
terrarium
[Podstatné jméno]

a sealed or open container for growing and displaying small plants, often used as a decorative piece indoors

terárium, miniaturní zahrada

terárium, miniaturní zahrada

Ex: She created a beautiful terrarium with succulents and moss on her windowsill. 
to prune
to prune
[sloveso]

to cut off top part or some branches of trees, bushes, or other plants to help them grow faster

prořezávat, stříhat

prořezávat, stříhat

Ex: She prunes the rose bushes in the garden to encourage more blooms. 
to graft
to graft
[sloveso]

to cut and join a piece of a living plant to another plant so that it can continue growing from there

roubovat, přesazovat

roubovat, přesazovat

grove
grove
[Podstatné jméno]

a small group of trees planted closely together, often cultivated for their ornamental value or fruit production

háj, ovocný sad

háj, ovocný sad

Ex: The olive grove stretched across the hillside, producing a bounty of fruits each year. 
to pollinate
to pollinate
[sloveso]

to deposit pollen on a plant or flower so that it can produce new seeds or fruit

opylovat, oplodňovat

opylovat, oplodňovat

Ex: Bees pollinate flowers as they collect nectar, aiding in the reproduction of plants. 
photosynthesis
photosynthesis
[Podstatné jméno]

a process in green plants during which the plant synthesizes using water and carbon dioxide

fotosyntéza

fotosyntéza

Ex: Photosynthesis in leaves produces the oxygen we breathe. 
vegetation
vegetation
[Podstatné jméno]

trees and plants in general, particularly those of a specific habitat or area

vegetace, flóra

vegetace, flóra

Ex: The dense vegetation in the tropical rainforest creates a lush canopy that filters sunlight and supports a myriad of wildlife. 
phytoremediation
phytoremediation
[Podstatné jméno]

the use of plants to clean up soil, water, and air contaminated with hazardous pollutants

fytoremediace, čištění pomocí rostlin

fytoremediace, čištění pomocí rostlin

mycology
mycology
[Podstatné jméno]

the scientific study of fungi, including their taxonomy, biology, ecology, and uses

mykologie

mykologie

Ex: Mycology research focuses on understanding fungal diversity and evolution. 
spore germination
spore germination
[Podstatné jméno]

the process by which the reproductive unit of the plants or fungi begins to grow and develop into a new organism

klíčení spor, proces klíčení spor

klíčení spor, proces klíčení spor

phototropism
phototropism
[Podstatné jméno]

the tendency of plants to grow toward or away from light, influenced by the direction and intensity of light

fototropismus, světelný tropismus

fototropismus, světelný tropismus

Ex: Sunflowers exhibit phototropism by turning their heads to face the sun throughout the day. 
stalk
stalk
[Podstatné jméno]

the slender, elongated part of a plant that supports leaves, flowers, or fruits

stonek, řapík

stonek, řapík

Ex: As she prepared the celery for a salad, she trimmed the leafy stalks and discarded the tougher parts. 
sprout
sprout
[Podstatné jméno]

a new growth or bud on a plant, typically emerging from a seed, bulb, or dormant bud

klíček, výhonek

klíček, výhonek

Ex: The garden was filled with tiny sprouts pushing through the soil after the rain. 
taproot
taproot
[Podstatné jméno]

the primary, central root of a plant that grows vertically downward, typically thicker than other roots, anchoring the plant and absorbing water and nutrients

hlavní kořen, kůlový kořen

hlavní kořen, kůlový kořen

Ex: Carrots are known for their taproots, which store nutrients for the plant. 
sepal
sepal
[Podstatné jméno]

the outermost part of a flower, typically green and leaf-like in appearance, protecting the flower bud before it opens

kališní lístek, kalich

kališní lístek, kalich

Ex: The sepals of the rose flower were tinged with pink, contrasting with its petals. 
dandelion
dandelion
[Podstatné jméno]

a small plant with yellow flowers that turn into round, fluffy seed heads

pampeliška, smetánka

pampeliška, smetánka

Ex: Children blew the seeds off a dandelion. 
tulip
tulip
[Podstatné jméno]

a flower shaped like a cup that has bright colors and blossoms in spring

tulipán, květina ve tvaru poháru s jasnými barvami

tulipán, květina ve tvaru poháru s jasnými barvami

Ex: The garden was adorned with a variety of tulips, creating a vibrant display of red, yellow, and pink flowers. 
stoma
stoma
[Podstatné jméno]

a microscopic pore found on the surface of leaves and stems of plants, involved in gas exchange, including the uptake of carbon dioxide and release of oxygen and water vapor

průduch, stoma

průduch, stoma

Ex: Each stoma on the leaf's surface opens and closes to regulate the plant's water balance. 
algae
algae
[Podstatné jméno]

plants without true roots, leaves, or stems, which grow in or near a body of water, such as seaweeds

řasy, vodní rostliny

řasy, vodní rostliny

Ex: Some vegan cheeses use algae-based ingredients to achieve a creamy texture and unique flavor. 
phytoplankton
phytoplankton
[Podstatné jméno]

the microscopic, photosynthetic organisms found in aquatic environments, such as oceans, lakes, and rivers, forming the base of the aquatic food chain

fytoplankton, rostlinný plankton

fytoplankton, rostlinný plankton

Ex: Phytoplankton are crucial producers in marine ecosystems, converting sunlight into energy. 
viburnum
viburnum
[Podstatné jméno]

a genus of flowering shrubs and small trees known for their clusters of white or pink flowers, followed by berries, commonly found in temperate regions

kalina, sněhová koule

kalina, sněhová koule

Ex: The viburnum bush in our garden blooms with fragrant white flowers every spring. 
moss
moss
[Podstatné jméno]

a small, non-vascular plant that lacks true roots, stems, and leaves, typically forming dense green mats or cushions in damp or shady environments

mech, bryofyt

mech, bryofyt

Ex: The moss covered the forest floor in a soft carpet of green. 
seaweed
seaweed
[Podstatné jméno]

a type of plant that grows in or near the sea

mořská řasa, řasy

mořská řasa, řasy

Ex: I enjoy the refreshing taste of seaweed salad. 
peony
peony
[Podstatné jméno]

a flowering plant known for its large, showy blossoms with lush, often fragrant petals

pivoňka, čínská růže

pivoňka, čínská růže

euphorbia
euphorbia
[Podstatné jméno]

a plant in the family Euphorbiaceae, known for their diverse forms from succulents to shrubs, typically characterized by milky sap and unique flower structures

pryšec, rostlina z čeledi pryšcovitých

pryšec, rostlina z čeledi pryšcovitých

Ex: The euphorbia in the garden had bright yellow flowers and thick, fleshy leaves. 
sprig
sprig
[Podstatné jméno]

a small, slender branch or shoot with leaves, commonly used in decorative arrangements or for propagation in gardening and landscaping

větvička, výhonek

větvička, výhonek

Ex: She placed a sprig of cherry blossoms in a vase to brighten up the room. 
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