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Přírodní Vědy SAT - Botanika a zahradnictví

Zde se naučíte některá anglická slova související s botanikou a zahradnictvím, jako je „biennial“, „mycology“, „sepal“ atd., která budete potřebovat, abyste zvládli své SAT.

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SAT Vocabulary for Natural Sciences
botanist
[Podstatné jméno]

a student of or specialist in the scientific study of plants, their structure, genetics, classification, etc.

botanik, botanika

botanik, botanika

Ex: botanist worked with conservationists to protect endangered plant species from habitat loss due to deforestation .
biennial
[Podstatné jméno]

a plant that lives for two years and in its second year produces seeds and flowers

dvouletá rostlina, dvouletka

dvouletá rostlina, dvouletka

evergreen
[Podstatné jméno]

any type of plant with leaves that remain green throughout the year

stálezelený, jehličnan

stálezelený, jehličnan

Ex: The old cemetery was surrounded by tall evergreens, their steady presence offering a sense of peace and continuity.
patch
[Podstatné jméno]

a small plot of land that is used for growing a particular type of crops or plants

záhon, pole

záhon, pole

foliage
[Podstatné jméno]

a plant or tree's branches and leaves collectively

listoví, zeleň

listoví, zeleň

Ex: In autumn , foliage of the trees turns brilliant shades of red and orange .
bulb
[Podstatné jméno]

the ball-shaped root of some plants that grows anew every year

cesnaková cibule, cibule

cesnaková cibule, cibule

Ex: The bulb grew underground and was harvested for cooking .
potting soil
[Podstatné jméno]

a specially formulated mixture of organic and inorganic materials used to grow plants in containers

substrát na květiny, půda na přesazení

substrát na květiny, půda na přesazení

crown
[Podstatné jméno]

the top part of a tree or other plant

koruna, vrcholek

koruna, vrcholek

Ex: The crown of the fir tree provided excellent shelter for wildlife during the winter .
terrarium
[Podstatné jméno]

a sealed or open container for growing and displaying small plants, often used as a decorative piece indoors

terárium, skleník

terárium, skleník

Ex: Terrariums require occasional watering and indirect sunlight to thrive .
to prune
[sloveso]

to cut off top part or some branches of trees, bushes, or other plants to help them grow faster

zastřihnout, ořezat

zastřihnout, ořezat

Ex: prunes the grapevines in the vineyard to remove excess growth and improve grape quality .
to graft
[sloveso]

to cut and join a piece of a living plant to another plant so that it can continue growing from there

štěpit, graftovat

štěpit, graftovat

grove
[Podstatné jméno]

a small group of trees planted closely together, often cultivated for their ornamental value or fruit production

hájek, sady

hájek, sady

Ex: Gardeners planted grove of redwoods to create a shaded retreat in the park .
to pollinate
[sloveso]

to deposit pollen on a plant or flower so that it can produce new seeds or fruit

opýlit, oplodnit

opýlit, oplodnit

Ex: Some plants , like corn , pollinated by the wind , while others , like tomatoes , rely on bees .
photosynthesis
[Podstatné jméno]

a process in green plants during which the plant synthesizes using water and carbon dioxide

fotosyntéza, fotochemická syntéza

fotosyntéza, fotochemická syntéza

vegetation
[Podstatné jméno]

trees and plants in general, particularly those of a specific habitat or area

vegetace, rostlinstvo

vegetace, rostlinstvo

Ex: The boreal forestvegetation, dominated by evergreen conifers , stretches for miles across the northern latitudes , with sparse undergrowth due to the harsh climate .
phytoremediation
[Podstatné jméno]

the use of plants to clean up soil, water, and air contaminated with hazardous pollutants

fytoremediace, fytoremediace půdy

fytoremediace, fytoremediace půdy

mycology
[Podstatné jméno]

the scientific study of fungi, including their taxonomy, biology, ecology, and uses

mykologie, studium hub

mykologie, studium hub

Ex: A course mycology covers topics such as fungal morphology , reproduction , and cultivation techniques .
spore germination
[Podstatné jméno]

the process by which the reproductive unit of the plants or fungi begins to grow and develop into a new organism

klíčení spor, germinace spor

klíčení spor, germinace spor

phototropism
[Podstatné jméno]

the tendency of plants to grow toward or away from light, influenced by the direction and intensity of light

fototropismus, fototropie

fototropismus, fototropie

Ex: Farmers use knowledge phototropism to optimize crop placement for maximum sunlight exposure .
stalk
[Podstatné jméno]

the slender, elongated part of a plant that supports leaves, flowers, or fruits

stvol, stonek

stvol, stonek

Ex: They picked the juicy tomatoes , gently twisting stalks to separate them from the vine .
sprout
[Podstatné jméno]

a new growth or bud on a plant, typically emerging from a seed, bulb, or dormant bud

výhonek, klíček

výhonek, klíček

Ex: The basil plant had several sprouts after being pruned .
taproot
[Podstatné jméno]

the primary, central root of a plant that grows vertically downward, typically thicker than other roots, anchoring the plant and absorbing water and nutrients

hlavní kořen, taproot

hlavní kořen, taproot

Ex: taproot system of oak trees extends deep into the soil for stability and support .
sepal
[Podstatné jméno]

the outermost part of a flower, typically green and leaf-like in appearance, protecting the flower bud before it opens

palisty, zelený okvětní lístek

palisty, zelený okvětní lístek

Ex: During pollinationsepals may change color or shape to attract pollinators like bees .
dandelion
[Podstatné jméno]

a small plant of the daisy family with a yellow flower that turns into a fluffy white ball of seeds

 pampeliška, pampeliškovi květ

pampeliška, pampeliškovi květ

tulip
[Podstatné jméno]

a flower shaped like a cup that has bright colors and blossoms in spring

tulipán, tulip

tulipán, tulip

Ex: In the spring , tulip fields stretched as far as the eye could see , attracting many visitors for a picturesque view .
stoma
[Podstatné jméno]

a microscopic pore found on the surface of leaves and stems of plants, involved in gas exchange, including the uptake of carbon dioxide and release of oxygen and water vapor

stoma, stróma

stoma, stróma

Ex: stoma provides a pathway for gases to move in and out of the plant 's tissues during photosynthesis .
algae
[Podstatné jméno]

plants without true roots, leaves, or stems, which grow in or near a body of water, such as seaweeds

řasy, alga

řasy, alga

Ex: The scientists studied various types algae to understand their potential for biofuel production .
phytoplankton
[Podstatné jméno]

the microscopic, photosynthetic organisms found in aquatic environments, such as oceans, lakes, and rivers, forming the base of the aquatic food chain

fytoplankton, fytoplanktonové organismy

fytoplankton, fytoplanktonové organismy

Ex: Phytoplankton blooms provide essential nutrients for marine organisms and help regulate Earth 's climate .
viburnum
[Podstatné jméno]

a genus of flowering shrubs and small trees known for their clusters of white or pink flowers, followed by berries, commonly found in temperate regions

kalina, kalina obecná

kalina, kalina obecná

Ex: Botanists study the diversity of viburnum species across different climatic zones.
moss
[Podstatné jméno]

a small, non-vascular plant that lacks true roots, stems, and leaves, typically forming dense green mats or cushions in damp or shady environments

mech, mechy

mech, mechy

Ex: Researchers study moss diversity and adaptation to understand their ecological roles in various habitats.
seaweed
[Podstatné jméno]

a type of plant that grows in or near the sea

řasa, mořská řasa

řasa, mořská řasa

Ex: The beach was littered seaweed after the storm , creating a natural carpet of green and brown .
peony
[Podstatné jméno]

a flowering plant known for its large, showy blossoms with lush, often fragrant petals

pivoňka, pivonka

pivoňka, pivonka

euphorbia
[Podstatné jméno]

a plant in the family Euphorbiaceae, known for their diverse forms from succulents to shrubs, typically characterized by milky sap and unique flower structures

eufórbie, euforbie

eufórbie, euforbie

Ex: Botanists euphorbias to understand their ecological roles and evolutionary adaptations .
sprig
[Podstatné jméno]

a small, slender branch or shoot with leaves, commonly used in decorative arrangements or for propagation in gardening and landscaping

výhonek, větvička

výhonek, větvička

Ex: sprig of ivy draped elegantly over the garden trellis , adding a touch of greenery .
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