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Sciences Naturelles SAT - Botanique et Jardinage

Ici, vous apprendrez quelques mots anglais liés à la botanique et au jardinage, tels que "biennal", "mycologie", "sépale", etc., dont vous aurez besoin pour réussir vos SATs.

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SAT Vocabulary for Natural Sciences
botanist

a student of or specialist in the scientific study of plants, their structure, genetics, classification, etc.

botaniste, spécialiste en botanique

botaniste, spécialiste en botanique

Ex: The botanist spent years cataloging rare plant species in the Amazon rainforest to understand their ecological role. 
biennial

a plant that lives for two years and in its second year produces seeds and flowers

bisannuel

bisannuel

evergreen

any type of plant with leaves that remain green throughout the year

plante à feuilles persistantes, conifère

plante à feuilles persistantes, conifère

Ex: They admired the row of evergreens lining the driveway, adding year-round beauty and privacy. 
patch
patch
[nom]

a small plot of land that is used for growing a particular type of crops or plants

carré, parcelle

carré, parcelle

foliage
foliage
[nom]

a plant or tree's branches and leaves collectively

feuillage

feuillage

Ex: The dense foliage provided a cool shade on a hot day. 
bulb
bulb
[nom]

the ball-shaped root of some plants that grows anew every year

bulbe, oignon

bulbe, oignon

Ex: She discovered a forgotten bulb of garlic in the pantry and decided to use it in her recipe. 
potting soil

a specially formulated mixture of organic and inorganic materials used to grow plants in containers

terreau pour pots, substrat de rempotage

terreau pour pots, substrat de rempotage

crown
crown
[nom]

the top part of a tree or other plant

couronne

couronne

Ex: The bird built its nest in the crown of the tall oak tree, safe from predators. 
terrarium

a sealed or open container for growing and displaying small plants, often used as a decorative piece indoors

terrarium, jardin miniature sous verre

terrarium, jardin miniature sous verre

Ex: She created a beautiful terrarium with succulents and moss on her windowsill. 
to prune
to prune
[verbe]

to cut off top part or some branches of trees, bushes, or other plants to help them grow faster

tailler, élaguer

tailler, élaguer

Ex: She prunes the rose bushes in the garden to encourage more blooms. 
to graft
to graft
[verbe]

to cut and join a piece of a living plant to another plant so that it can continue growing from there

greffer

greffer

grove
grove
[nom]

a small group of trees planted closely together, often cultivated for their ornamental value or fruit production

bosquet, verger

bosquet, verger

Ex: The olive grove stretched across the hillside, producing a bounty of fruits each year. 
to pollinate

to deposit pollen on a plant or flower so that it can produce new seeds or fruit

polliniser

polliniser

Ex: Bees pollinate flowers as they collect nectar, aiding in the reproduction of plants. 
photosynthesis

a process in green plants during which the plant synthesizes using water and carbon dioxide

photosynthèse

photosynthèse

Ex: Photosynthesis in leaves produces the oxygen we breathe. 
vegetation

trees and plants in general, particularly those of a specific habitat or area

végétation

végétation

Ex: The dense vegetation in the tropical rainforest creates a lush canopy that filters sunlight and supports a myriad of wildlife. 
phytoremediation

the use of plants to clean up soil, water, and air contaminated with hazardous pollutants

phytoremédiation, dépollution par les plantes

phytoremédiation, dépollution par les plantes

mycology

the scientific study of fungi, including their taxonomy, biology, ecology, and uses

mycologie

mycologie

Ex: Mycology research focuses on understanding fungal diversity and evolution. 
spore germination

the process by which the reproductive unit of the plants or fungi begins to grow and develop into a new organism

germination des spores, processus de germination des spores

germination des spores, processus de germination des spores

phototropism

the tendency of plants to grow toward or away from light, influenced by the direction and intensity of light

phototropisme, tropisme photique

phototropisme, tropisme photique

Ex: Sunflowers exhibit phototropism by turning their heads to face the sun throughout the day. 
stalk
stalk
[nom]

the slender, elongated part of a plant that supports leaves, flowers, or fruits

tige, queue

tige, queue

Ex: As she prepared the celery for a salad, she trimmed the leafy stalks and discarded the tougher parts. 
sprout
sprout
[nom]

a new growth or bud on a plant, typically emerging from a seed, bulb, or dormant bud

germe, pousse

germe, pousse

Ex: The garden was filled with tiny sprouts pushing through the soil after the rain. 
taproot
taproot
[nom]

the primary, central root of a plant that grows vertically downward, typically thicker than other roots, anchoring the plant and absorbing water and nutrients

racine pivotante, racine principale

racine pivotante, racine principale

Ex: Carrots are known for their taproots, which store nutrients for the plant. 
sepal
sepal
[nom]

the outermost part of a flower, typically green and leaf-like in appearance, protecting the flower bud before it opens

sépale, calice

sépale, calice

Ex: The sepals of the rose flower were tinged with pink, contrasting with its petals. 
dandelion

a small plant with yellow flowers that turn into round, fluffy seed heads

pissenlit, dent-de-lion

pissenlit, dent-de-lion

Ex: Children blew the seeds off a dandelion. 
tulip
tulip
[nom]

a flower shaped like a cup that has bright colors and blossoms in spring

tulipe

tulipe

Ex: The garden was adorned with a variety of tulips, creating a vibrant display of red, yellow, and pink flowers. 
stoma
stoma
[nom]

a microscopic pore found on the surface of leaves and stems of plants, involved in gas exchange, including the uptake of carbon dioxide and release of oxygen and water vapor

stomate, pore stomatique

stomate, pore stomatique

Ex: Each stoma on the leaf's surface opens and closes to regulate the plant's water balance. 
algae
algae
[nom]

plants without true roots, leaves, or stems, which grow in or near a body of water, such as seaweeds

algues

algues

Ex: Some vegan cheeses use algae-based ingredients to achieve a creamy texture and unique flavor. 
phytoplankton

the microscopic, photosynthetic organisms found in aquatic environments, such as oceans, lakes, and rivers, forming the base of the aquatic food chain

phytoplancton, plancton végétal

phytoplancton, plancton végétal

Ex: Phytoplankton are crucial producers in marine ecosystems, converting sunlight into energy. 
viburnum

a genus of flowering shrubs and small trees known for their clusters of white or pink flowers, followed by berries, commonly found in temperate regions

viorne, obier

viorne, obier

Ex: The viburnum bush in our garden blooms with fragrant white flowers every spring. 
moss
moss
[nom]

a small, non-vascular plant that lacks true roots, stems, and leaves, typically forming dense green mats or cushions in damp or shady environments

mousse, bryophyte

mousse, bryophyte

Ex: The moss covered the forest floor in a soft carpet of green. 
seaweed
seaweed
[nom]

a type of plant that grows in or near the sea

algues

algues

Ex: I enjoy the refreshing taste of seaweed salad. 
peony
peony
[nom]

a flowering plant known for its large, showy blossoms with lush, often fragrant petals

pivoine, rose de Chine

pivoine, rose de Chine

euphorbia

a plant in the family Euphorbiaceae, known for their diverse forms from succulents to shrubs, typically characterized by milky sap and unique flower structures

euphorbe, plante de la famille des Euphorbiacées

euphorbe, plante de la famille des Euphorbiacées

Ex: The euphorbia in the garden had bright yellow flowers and thick, fleshy leaves. 
sprig
sprig
[nom]

a small, slender branch or shoot with leaves, commonly used in decorative arrangements or for propagation in gardening and landscaping

brindille, rameau

brindille, rameau

Ex: She placed a sprig of cherry blossoms in a vase to brighten up the room. 
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