یقین و تردید - ارزیابی و گمانه‌زنی 3

در اینجا شما برخی از کلمات انگلیسی مربوط به ارزیابی و حدس را یاد خواهید گرفت، مانند "حدس زدن"، "دست کم گرفتن" و "پیش بینی".

مرور

فلش‌کارت‌ها

املای کلمه

آزمون

شروع یادگیری

to [miss] the mark [عبارت]

to fail in achieving the desired result

موفق نشدن

Ex: Her speech missed the mark and failed to generate the public support she had been hoping for .

notional [صفت]

being solely based on imagination or theory rather that reality

ذهنی

Ex: The notional model of the universe was intriguing but lacked practical application .

مدل نظری جهان جذاب بود اما فاقد کاربرد عملی بود.

off the mark [عبارت]

wrong and inaccurate

نادرست

Ex: Bedini and Curzi were probably not far off the mark in their analysis .

off the top of {one's} head [عبارت]

from one's memory, without spending time to carefully consider or think

همین‌جوری

Ex: It was the best I could think of off the top of my head .

to overrate [فعل]

to give something or someone more credit than is deserved

به چیزی بیش از حد بها دادن

Ex: Many people overrate luxury brands , assuming higher prices mean better quality .

بیش‌ازحد ارزش‌گذاری می‌کنند بسیاری از افراد برندهای لوکس را، با این فرض که قیمت‌های بالاتر به معنای کیفیت بهتر است.

to predict [فعل]

to say that something is going to happen before it actually takes place

پیش‌بینی کردن

Ex: The meteorologist predicted rain for the weekend based on weather patterns .

هواشناس بر اساس الگوهای آب‌وهوایی باران را برای آخر هفته پیش‌بینی کرد.

prediction [اسم]

the act of saying what one thinks is going to happen in the future or what the outcome of something will be

پیش‌بینی

Ex: Her prediction about the weather was surprisingly accurate .

پیش‌بینی او در مورد هوا به طور شگفت‌انگیزی دقیق بود.

to [put] two and two together [عبارت]

to evaluate the situation and all its possible outcomes in order to draw a conclusion

دو دو تا چهار تا کردن

Ex: When I saw her carrying an umbrella and wearing rain boots , I put two and two together and realized it was going to rain .

to reappraise [فعل]

to review someone or something to see whether one's opinion was correct or not

دوباره ارزیابی کردن

to reassess [فعل]

to put something under further consideration or evaluation

دوباره ارزیابی کردن

reassessment [اسم]

the reevaluation someone or reconsideration of one's opinion of something to see whether it needs revising

ارزیابی مجدد

to reevaluate [فعل]

to reconsider something, especially with the intention to make changes or form another opinion about it

مجدداً ارزیابی کردن

to reexamine [فعل]

to inspect something in detail, especially to confirm or change the previously held opinion

مجدداً بررسی کردن

to [read] {one's} (mind|thoughts) [عبارت]

to know what another person is thinking

ذهن (کسی را) خواندن

Ex: Tell me what you want — I ca n't read your mind !

re-evaluation [اسم]

‌the act of reconsidering something, especially with the intention to make changes or form another opinion about it

ارزیابی مجدد

re-examination [اسم]

a process that involves detailed inspection of something, especially to confirm or change the previously held opinion

بررسی مجدد

to second-guess [فعل]

to predict or anticipate an event or someone's reaction

پیش‌بینی کردن

Ex: You can't second-guess how the team will react to the new strategy until they try it.

شما نمی‌توانید پیش‌بینی کنید که تیم چگونه به استراتژی جدید واکنش نشان خواهد داد تا زمانی که آن را امتحان کنند.

(shot|stab) in the dark [عبارت]

an attempt to guess or do something without having sufficient information or knowing the consequences

تیری در تاریکی

Ex: I had no idea how to fix the leaky faucet , so I made a stab in the dark and tried adjusting the valve , and it worked .

to speculate [فعل]

to form a theory or opinion about a subject without knowing all the facts

حدس زدن

Ex: Observing the unusual behavior , scientists began to speculate about the potential causes of the phenomenon .

با مشاهده رفتار غیرمعمول، دانشمندان شروع به حدس زدن در مورد دلایل احتمالی این پدیده کردند.

speculation [اسم]

the creation of theories or opinions about something with no fact or proof

گمان

Ex: The stock market is often influenced by speculation about future trends .

بازار سهام اغلب تحت تأثیر گمانه‌زنی درباره روندهای آینده قرار می‌گیرد.

speculative [صفت]

according to opinions or guesses instead of facts or evidence

نظری

Ex: The article contained speculative theories about the origins of the universe .

مقاله شامل نظریه‌های حدسی درباره منشأ جهان بود.

speculatively [قید]

in a way that shows one's decisions are merely based on estimations or personal opinions rather than actual facts

از روی حدس و گمان

to surmise [فعل]

to come to a conclusion without enough evidence

حدس زدن

Ex: Unable to find the missing document , he could only surmise that it might have been misplaced .

ناتوان از یافتن سند گمشده، او فقط می‌توانست حدس بزند که ممکن است در جای اشتباهی قرار داده شده باشد.

surmise [اسم]

an idea or conclusion formed on the basis of limited or uncertain evidence

فرض

Ex: His surmise about the cause of the accident proved to be correct .

حدس او درباره علت حادثه درست از آب درآمد.

to suspect [فعل]

to think that something is probably true, especially something bad, without having proof

حدس زدن

Ex: I suspect he 's been lying about where he was last night .

من شک دارم که او در مورد جایی که دیشب بود دروغ گفته است.

to suppose [فعل]

to think or believe that something is possible or true, without being sure

فرض کردن

Ex: I suppose she ’ll be at the meeting since she confirmed her attendance earlier .

من فرض می‌کنم که او در جلسه خواهد بود چون قبلاً حضور خود را تأیید کرده است.

supposition [اسم]

an idea accepted as true without proof, often used as a basis for reasoning

فرضیه

Ex: The theory rests on the supposition that all particles behave identically .

این نظریه بر فرضیه استوار است که همه ذرات به طور یکسان رفتار می‌کنند.

to survey [فعل]

to take a closer look at something, especially thoroughly in order to investigate

با دقت بررسی کردن

Ex: The inspector will survey the building to assess its structural integrity .

بازرس ساختمان را بررسی خواهد کرد تا یکپارچگی ساختاری آن را ارزیابی کند.

survey [اسم]

a collection of opinions or experiences from a specific group, typically gathered via questions

ارزیابی

Ex: The company conducted a survey to measure customer satisfaction .

شرکت یک نظرسنجی برای اندازه‌گیری رضایت مشتری انجام داد.

ten out of ten [عبارت]

used to describe something perfect, flawless, or highly impressive

ایده‌آل و عالی

Ex: That cake was ten out of ten , seriously the best I 've ever had .

to toss [فعل]

to make a decision by throwing a coin in the air and guessing which of its sides will be facing upward when it lands

سکه انداختن

Ex: We could n't decide who should go first , so we tossed a coin .

ما نتوانستیم تصمیم بگیریم که چه کسی باید اول برود، بنابراین یک سکه پرتاب کردیم.

to underestimate [فعل]

to regard something or someone as smaller or less important than they really are

دست کم گرفتن

Ex: She warned him not to underestimate the challenges of starting a new business from scratch .

او به او هشدار داد که چالش‌های شروع یک کسب‌وکار جدید از صفر را دست کم نگیرد.

underestimation [اسم]

an unfavorable judgment or estimation that is too low

دست‌کم‌گرفتن

value judgement [اسم]

an assessment of the worth or quality of someone or something that is mostly based on personal opinions rather than facts

ارزش‌داوری

warm [صفت]

indicating that someone is getting closer to the correct answer or finding a hidden person or object

نزدیک (در حدس‌ زدن)

Ex: During the game of hide-and-seek , the children shouted " warm " whenever their friend got closer to the hiding spot .

در طول بازی قایم باشک، بچه‌ها هر وقت دوستشان به محل مخفی شدن نزدیک می‌شد فریاد می‌زدند "گرم".

یقین و تردید
اطمینان 1	اطمینان 2	اطمینان 3	شک 1
شک 2	امکان و احتمال	ارزیابی و گمانه‌زنی 1	ارزیابی و گمانه‌زنی 2
ارزیابی و گمانه‌زنی 3