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Humanidades SAT - Relihiyon at mga Sistema ng Paniniwala

Dito matututunan mo ang ilang mga salitang Ingles na may kaugnayan sa relihiyon at mga sistema ng paniniwala, tulad ng "kasulatan", "pagan", "martir", atbp. na kakailanganin mo upang maipasa ang iyong SATs.

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SAT Vocabulary for Humanities
Scripture
[Pangngalan]

the sacred writings of the Christian faith, comprising the Old and New Testaments of the Bible, considered authoritative and divinely inspired by Christian

Banal na Kasulatan, Kasulatan

Banal na Kasulatan, Kasulatan

Ex: Scripture readings are integral to Christian worship services , with passages chosen based on the liturgical calendar or thematic focus .Ang pagbabasa ng **Kasulatan** ay mahalaga sa mga serbisyo ng pagsamba ng Kristiyano, na may mga sipi na pinili batay sa liturhikal na kalendaryo o tematikong pokus.
deity
[Pangngalan]

a supernatural figure that is worshipped like a god or goddess

diyos, bathala

diyos, bathala

Ex: The deity's followers celebrated their faith with elaborate rituals .Ang mga tagasunod ng **diyos** ay nagdiwang ng kanilang pananampalataya sa masalimuot na mga ritwal.
altar
[Pangngalan]

the table in a church, used for giving communion in Christianity

altar, mesa ng komunyon

altar, mesa ng komunyon

Ex: The priest placed the chalice and paten on the altar before the Eucharistic celebration .Inilagay ng pari ang kalis at paten sa **altar** bago ang pagdiriwang ng Eukaristiya.
providence
[Pangngalan]

the divine guidance, care, and intervention of a higher power

pangangalaga ng Diyos, ang banal na pangangalaga

pangangalaga ng Diyos, ang banal na pangangalaga

Ex: Believers express gratitude for the providence of God , acknowledging blessings and unexpected positive outcomes in their lives .Ang mga mananampalataya ay nagpapahayag ng pasasalamat sa **providence** ng Diyos, na kinikilala ang mga biyaya at hindi inaasahang positibong kinalabasan sa kanilang buhay.
rite
[Pangngalan]

a formal or ceremonial act, procedure, or ritual, often associated with religious practices

rito, seremonya

rito, seremonya

Ex: During the Easter service , the congregation participated in the solemn rite of communion .Sa panahon ng serbisyo ng Pasko ng Pagkabuhay, ang kongregasyon ay lumahok sa solemneng **rito** ng komunyon.
mosque
[Pangngalan]

a place of worship, used by Muslims

mosque, dambana ng mga Muslim

mosque, dambana ng mga Muslim

Ex: He listened to the imam 's sermon during the weekly Friday sermon at the mosque.Nakinig siya sa sermon ng imam sa panahon ng lingguhang sermon ng Biyernes sa **mosque**.
clergy
[Pangngalan]

people who are officially chosen to lead religious services in a church or other religious institution

klero, mga pari

klero, mga pari

Ex: The church was filled with clergy from different denominations .Ang simbahan ay puno ng **mga klero** mula sa iba't ibang denominasyon.
disciple
[Pangngalan]

a follower or student who adheres to the teachings and practices of a particular leader, teacher, or philosophy

alagad,  tagasunod

alagad, tagasunod

Ex: The philosopher 's disciples carried on his legacy by teaching future generations about his ideas and principles .Ang mga **alagad** ng pilosopo ay nagpatuloy ng kanyang pamana sa pamamagitan ng pagtuturo sa mga susunod na henerasyon tungkol sa kanyang mga ideya at prinsipyo.
monk
[Pangngalan]

a member of a male religious group that lives in a monastery

monghe, relihiyoso

monghe, relihiyoso

Ex: The monk's robe and shaved head were symbols of his commitment to his religious order .Ang damit ng **monghe** at ang kanyang inahit na ulo ay mga simbolo ng kanyang pangako sa kanyang relihiyosong orden.
denomination
[Pangngalan]

a distinct branch or or subgroup within a larger religious tradition, characterized by specific beliefs, practices, and organizational structures

denominasyon, sekta

denominasyon, sekta

Ex: She converted to a new denomination of Christianity after studying its beliefs and practices .Nag-convert siya sa isang bagong **denominasyon** ng Kristiyanismo pagkatapos pag-aralan ang mga paniniwala at gawain nito.
hymn
[Pangngalan]

a religious song intended to praise God, especially sung by Christians in congregation

himno, awit pangrelihiyon

himno, awit pangrelihiyon

Ex: The choir performed a beautiful hymn during the Easter celebration .Ang koro ay tumugtog ng magandang **awit-puri** sa panahon ng pagdiriwang ng Pasko ng Pagkabuhay.
Gospel
[Pangngalan]

the written message or teachings of a religious leader that is accepted by their followers

Ebanghelyo, Mabuting Balita

Ebanghelyo, Mabuting Balita

pilgrimage
[Pangngalan]

a journey or religious expedition to a sacred place or shrine, typically undertaken for spiritual or religious reasons

peregrinasyon, paglalakbay na relihiyoso

peregrinasyon, paglalakbay na relihiyoso

Ex: The annual Thaipusam festival in Malaysia involves a pilgrimage to the Batu Caves , where devotees perform acts of devotion and penance .Ang taunang Thaipusam festival sa Malaysia ay nagsasangkot ng isang **paglalakbay-dasal** sa Batu Caves, kung saan ang mga deboto ay gumagawa ng mga gawa ng debosyon at pagsisisi.
benediction
[Pangngalan]

a prayer asking for blessing and protection

pagpapala

pagpapala

Ex: Each night , the grandmother would offer a benediction over her sleeping grandchildren .Bawat gabi, ang lola ay mag-aalay ng **basbas** sa kanyang mga natutulog na apo.
secular
[pang-uri]

not concerned or connected with religion

sekular, hindi relihiyoso

sekular, hindi relihiyoso

Ex: Secular organizations advocate for the separation of church and state in public affairs .
sacred
[pang-uri]

connected with God or a god, and considered holy or deeply respected in religious contexts

banal, sagrado

banal, sagrado

Ex: The sacred symbols adorning the shrine hold spiritual significance for believers .Ang mga **banal** na simbolo na nag-aadorno sa dambana ay may espirituwal na kahalagahan para sa mga mananampalataya.
pagan
[pang-uri]

relating to religions or spiritual systems outside the world's main religions

pagan, maraming diyos

pagan, maraming diyos

Ex: His interest in pagan mythology led him to study the ancient texts of Norse and Celtic cultures.Ang kanyang interes sa mitolohiyang **pagan** ang nagtulak sa kanya na pag-aralan ang sinaunang mga teksto ng Norse at Celtic na kultura.
to minister
[Pandiwa]

to fulfill a role in religious service or guidance, providing support and leadership within a community

mangasiwa, maglingkod

mangasiwa, maglingkod

Ex: The religious leader continued to minister, delivering sermons and conducting ceremonies for the congregation .Ang lider ng relihiyon ay patuloy na **naglingkod**, nagbibigay ng sermon at nagsasagawa ng mga seremonya para sa kongregasyon.
to baptize
[Pandiwa]

to initiate into a religious faith by immersing in or sprinkling with water

binyagan, ilubog sa tubig

binyagan, ilubog sa tubig

Ex: The priest gently baptized the baby , welcoming them into the community of believers .Maingat na **bininyagan** ng pari ang sanggol, tinatanggap siya sa komunidad ng mga mananampalataya.
to consecrate
[Pandiwa]

to make something sacred through religious rituals

italaga, konsagrahin

italaga, konsagrahin

Ex: The priest used sacred oils to consecrate the baptismal font , setting it apart for the initiation of new members into the faith .Ginamit ng pari ang mga banal na langis upang **konsagrahin** ang binyagan, itinatangi ito para sa pagsisimula ng mga bagong miyembro sa pananampalataya.
dogma
[Pangngalan]

a belief or a belief system held by an authority who proclaims it to be undeniably true and expects immediate acceptance

dogma, paniniwala

dogma, paniniwala

Ex: The cult 's dogma required followers to adhere to a set of rigid and unquestionable rules .Ang **dogma** ng kulto ay nangangailangan ng mga tagasunod na sumunod sa isang hanay ng mahigpit at hindi matututulang mga patakaran.
motto
[Pangngalan]

a brief statement or phrase that represents the guiding beliefs or ideals of an individual, family, or institution

motto, kasabihan

motto, kasabihan

Ex: The company 's motto, " Innovation for Tomorrow , " reflects its commitment to forward-thinking and progress .
credo
[Pangngalan]

a formal statement of beliefs or principles, often religious or philosophical in nature

credo, propesyon ng pananampalataya

credo, propesyon ng pananampalataya

Ex: The educator 's credo may prioritize fostering a love of learning , equity in education , and the holistic development of students .Ang **credo** ng edukador ay maaaring magbigay-prioridad sa pagpapalaganap ng pagmamahal sa pag-aaral, pagkakapantay-pantay sa edukasyon, at holistic na pag-unlad ng mga mag-aaral.
spiritualism
[Pangngalan]

the belief that the human spirit or soul can survive after death and communicate with the living

espiritwalismo, pagsamba sa espiritu

espiritwalismo, pagsamba sa espiritu

Ex: Spiritualism gained popularity in the 19th century as people sought to contact the dead .Ang **espiritwalismo** ay naging popular noong ika-19 na siglo habang ang mga tao ay naghahanap na makipag-ugnayan sa mga patay.
rationalism
[Pangngalan]

the belief or principle that ideas and actions should be based on logic instead of religion or emotion

rasyonalismo, ang rasyonalismo

rasyonalismo, ang rasyonalismo

idealism
[Pangngalan]

the belief in or pursuit of high principles, values, or ideals, often with a focus on the potential for perfection or improvement

idealismo

idealismo

Ex: The teacher encouraged idealism, asking students to envision a perfect future .Hinikayat ng guro ang **idealismo**, na hinihiling sa mga mag-aaral na isipin ang isang perpektong hinaharap.
determinism
[Pangngalan]

the theory or doctrine that all events and occurrences are completely determined by previously existing causes, therefore human beings cannot be punished or held accountable for their deeds

determinismo, patalismo

determinismo, patalismo

fundamentalism
[Pangngalan]

a strict commitment to the core beliefs and teachings of a religion, often accompanied by a literal interpretation of its sacred texts

pangunahing pananampalataya, pundamentalismo

pangunahing pananampalataya, pundamentalismo

Ex: Islamic fundamentalism seeks to implement Sharia law based on a strict interpretation of the Quran .Ang **pangunahing** Islamiko ay naglalayong ipatupad ang batas Sharia batay sa mahigpit na interpretasyon ng Quran.
empiricism
[Pangngalan]

a theory stating that all knowledge is derived from experience

empirisismo, eksperimentalismo

empirisismo, eksperimentalismo

Ex: Critics of empiricism argue that it may overlook the importance of a priori knowledge and the inherent structures of the mind that influence how we perceive and interpret experiences .Ang mga kritiko ng **empiricism** ay nagtatalo na maaari itong magwalang-bahala sa kahalagahan ng a priori na kaalaman at ang likas na mga istruktura ng isip na nakakaimpluwensya sa kung paano natin napaghahalata at binibigyang-kahulugan ang mga karanasan.
individualism
[Pangngalan]

the conviction that prioritizes self-reliance and personal independence as virtues

indibidwalismo, ang indibidwalismo

indibidwalismo, ang indibidwalismo

Ex: The debate between individualism and collectivism is central to many political and social theories .Ang debate sa pagitan ng **indibidwalismo** at kolektibismo ay sentral sa maraming teoryang pampulitika at panlipunan.
consumerism
[Pangngalan]

the idea or belief that personal well-being and happiness depend on the purchase of material goods

konsumerismo,  materyalismo

konsumerismo, materyalismo

Ex: Advertising plays a significant role in promoting consumerism by persuading people to buy products they may not necessarily need .Ang advertising ay may malaking papel sa pagtataguyod ng **consumerism** sa pamamagitan ng paghikayat sa mga tao na bumili ng mga produktong hindi nila kailangan.
materialism
[Pangngalan]

the philosophical belief that the spiritual world does not exist and the only thing that exists is physical matter

materyalismo, pilosopiyang materyalista

materyalismo, pilosopiyang materyalista

dualism
[Pangngalan]

the belief that reality consists of two fundamental and opposing components, such as mind and body or good and evil

duwalismo, ang doktrina ng duwalismo

duwalismo, ang doktrina ng duwalismo

Ex: Gender dualism explores the binary classification of gender roles and identities into male and female categories .Ang **dualismong** kasarian ay nag-aaral sa binary classification ng mga papel at pagkakakilanlan ng kasarian sa mga kategoryang lalaki at babae.
egalitarian
[Pangngalan]

a person who believes in or advocates for the principle of equality, especially in regards to social, political, and economic affairs

egalitaryan, tagapagtaguyod ng pagkakapantay-pantay

egalitaryan, tagapagtaguyod ng pagkakapantay-pantay

Ex: The egalitarian’s speech inspired many to join the movement for racial equality .Ang talumpati ng **egalitaryan** ay nagbigay-inspirasyon sa marami na sumali sa kilusan para sa pagkakapantay-pantay ng lahi.
utilitarian
[Pangngalan]

someone who supports the theory that actions are morally right if they maximize happiness or pleasure and morally wrong if they cause unhappiness or pain, regardless of other outcomes

utilitarian

utilitarian

Ex: Utilitarians prioritize the greatest good for the greatest number , aiming to achieve the most favorable outcomes for society as a whole .Ang mga **utilitarian** ay nagbibigay-prayoridad sa pinakamalaking kabutihan para sa pinakamalaking bilang, na naglalayong makamit ang pinakapaborableng mga resulta para sa lipunan sa kabuuan.
pacifist
[Pangngalan]

an individual who is against war and violence as a way to settle disagreements or conflicts

pasipiko

pasipiko

Ex: Despite threats , the pacifist continued to speak out against violence and aggression .Sa kabila ng mga banta, ang **pasipista** ay patuloy na nagsalita laban sa karahasan at agresyon.
zealot
[Pangngalan]

a person with very strong opinions on different matters such as religion or politics who tries to impose them on others

zelote, panatiko

zelote, panatiko

Ex: The political zealot was known for his extreme views and unwavering commitment to his party 's agenda .Ang pulitikal na **panatiko** ay kilala sa kanyang matinding pananaw at walang pag-atubiling pangako sa adyenda ng kanyang partido.
radical
[Pangngalan]

a person whose political inclination is social and political change

radikal, aktibista

radikal, aktibista

abolitionist
[Pangngalan]

a person who advocates for the complete elimination of something

abolitionist, tagapagtaguyod ng pag-aalis

abolitionist, tagapagtaguyod ng pag-aalis

Ex: Susan B. Anthony was not only a suffragist but also an abolitionist who fought for the rights of women and slaves .Si Susan B. Anthony ay hindi lamang isang suffragist kundi isang **abolitionist** din na lumaban para sa mga karapatan ng kababaihan at alipin.
extremist
[Pangngalan]

a person who holds radical views, particularly in politics or religion, and is willing to use extreme measures to achieve their goals

ekstremista, panatiko

ekstremista, panatiko

Ex: The extremist's speeches were filled with inflammatory rhetoric aimed at inciting hatred and division .Ang mga talumpati ng **extremist** ay puno ng mapang-udyok na retorika na naglalayong magpasimula ng poot at pagkakahati-hati.
martyr
[Pangngalan]

someone who is killed because of their beliefs

martir, bayani

martir, bayani

Ex: The group honored the martyr who sacrificed their life for freedom .Pinarangalan ng grupo ang **martir** na nag-alay ng kanilang buhay para sa kalayaan.
to espouse
[Pandiwa]

to take up, follow, or support a cause, belief, ideology, etc.

yakapin, suportahan

yakapin, suportahan

Humanidades SAT
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