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Științe Umaniste SAT - Religie și sisteme de credințe

Aici veți învăța câteva cuvinte în limba engleză legate de religie și sisteme de credințe, cum ar fi „scriptura”, „păgână”, „martir”, etc.

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SAT Vocabulary for Humanities
Scripture
[substantiv]

the sacred writings of the Christian faith, comprising the Old and New Testaments of the Bible, considered authoritative and divinely inspired by Christian

scriptură, Sfânta Scriptură

scriptură, Sfânta Scriptură

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deity
[substantiv]

a supernatural figure that is worshipped like a god or goddess

divinitate, zeitate

divinitate, zeitate

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altar
[substantiv]

the table in a church, used for giving communion in Christianity

altar, mesă sacră

altar, mesă sacră

Ex: The priest placed the chalice and paten on altar before the Eucharistic celebration .
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providence
[substantiv]

the divine guidance, care, and intervention of a higher power

provvidență, favoare divină

provvidență, favoare divină

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rite
[substantiv]

a formal or ceremonial act, procedure, or ritual, often associated with religious practices

rit, rito

rit, rito

Ex: During the Easter service , the congregation participated in the rite of communion .
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mosque
[substantiv]

a place of worship, used by Muslims

moschee, lăcaș de cult musulman

moschee, lăcaș de cult musulman

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clergy
[substantiv]

people who are officially chosen to lead religious services in a church or other religious institution

duhovnicie, cler

duhovnicie, cler

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disciple
[substantiv]

a follower or student who adheres to the teachings and practices of a particular leader, teacher, or philosophy

ucenic, discipol

ucenic, discipol

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monk
[substantiv]

a member of a male religious group that lives in a monastery

călugăr, monah

călugăr, monah

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denomination
[substantiv]

a distinct branch or or subgroup within a larger religious tradition, characterized by specific beliefs, practices, and organizational structures

denominație, confesiune

denominație, confesiune

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hymn
[substantiv]

a religious song intended to praise God, especially sung by Christians in congregation

hymn, cântare religioasă

hymn, cântare religioasă

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Gospel
[substantiv]

the written message or teachings of a religious leader that is accepted by their followers

Evanghelie, Mesajul religios

Evanghelie, Mesajul religios

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pilgrimage
[substantiv]

a journey or religious expedition to a sacred place or shrine, typically undertaken for spiritual or religious reasons

pelerinaj, călătorie religioasă

pelerinaj, călătorie religioasă

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benediction
[substantiv]

a prayer asking for blessing and protection

binecuvântare, sfintire

binecuvântare, sfintire

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secular
[adjectiv]

not concerned or connected with religion

secular, laic

secular, laic

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sacred
[adjectiv]

connected with God or a god, and considered holy or deeply respected in religious contexts

sacru, sfânt

sacru, sfânt

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pagan
[adjectiv]

relating to religions or spiritual systems outside the world's main religions

păgân, necreștin

păgân, necreștin

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to fulfill a role in religious service or guidance, providing support and leadership within a community

a sluji, a îndrumă

a sluji, a îndrumă

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to initiate into a religious faith by immersing in or sprinkling with water

a boteza, a spăla

a boteza, a spăla

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to make something sacred through religious rituals

sfinți, consacra

sfinți, consacra

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dogma
[substantiv]

a belief or a belief system held by an authority who proclaims it to be undeniably true and expects immediate acceptance

dogmă, dogmatică

dogmă, dogmatică

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motto
[substantiv]

a brief statement or phrase that represents the guiding beliefs or ideals of an individual, family, or institution

deviză, motto

deviză, motto

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credo
[substantiv]

a formal statement of beliefs or principles, often religious or philosophical in nature

crez, credo

crez, credo

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spiritualism
[substantiv]

the belief that the human spirit or soul can survive after death and communicate with the living

spiritualism, spiritism

spiritualism, spiritism

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rationalism
[substantiv]

the belief or principle that ideas and actions should be based on logic instead of religion or emotion

raționalism, raţionalitate

raționalism, raţionalitate

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idealism
[substantiv]

the belief in or pursuit of high principles, values, or ideals, often with a focus on the potential for perfection or improvement

idealism, idealisme

idealism, idealisme

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determinism
[substantiv]

the theory or doctrine that all events and occurrences are completely determined by previously existing causes, therefore human beings cannot be punished or held accountable for their deeds

determinism, doctrina determinismului

determinism, doctrina determinismului

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fundamentalism
[substantiv]

a strict commitment to the core beliefs and teachings of a religion, often accompanied by a literal interpretation of its sacred texts

fundamentalism, fundamentalizare

fundamentalism, fundamentalizare

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empiricism
[substantiv]

a theory stating that all knowledge is derived from experience

empirism, empiricitate

empirism, empiricitate

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individualism
[substantiv]

the conviction that prioritizes self-reliance and personal independence as virtues

individualism, individualitate

individualism, individualitate

Ex: The debate individualism and collectivism is central to many political and social theories .
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consumerism
[substantiv]

the idea or belief that personal well-being and happiness depend on the purchase of material goods

consumism, consumism excesiv

consumism, consumism excesiv

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materialism
[substantiv]

the philosophical belief that the spiritual world does not exist and the only thing that exists is physical matter

materialism, materialitate

materialism, materialitate

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dualism
[substantiv]

the belief that reality consists of two fundamental and opposing components, such as mind and body or good and evil

dualism, dualitate

dualism, dualitate

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egalitarian
[substantiv]

a person who believes in or advocates for the principle of equality, especially in regards to social, political, and economic affairs

egalitarist, egalitarian

egalitarist, egalitarian

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utilitarian
[substantiv]

someone who supports the theory that actions are morally right if they maximize happiness or pleasure and morally wrong if they cause unhappiness or pain, regardless of other outcomes

utilitarist, susținător al utilitarismului

utilitarist, susținător al utilitarismului

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pacifist
[substantiv]

an individual who is against war and violence as a way to settle disagreements or conflicts

pacifist, pacifistă

pacifist, pacifistă

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zealot
[substantiv]

a person with very strong opinions on different matters such as religion or politics who tries to impose them on others

zelot, fervent

zelot, fervent

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radical
[substantiv]

a person whose political inclination is social and political change

radical, apărător al schimbării sociale

radical, apărător al schimbării sociale

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abolitionist
[substantiv]

a person who advocates for the complete elimination of something

abolitionist, apărător al abolirii

abolitionist, apărător al abolirii

Ex: Susan B. Anthony was not only a suffragist but also abolitionist who fought for the rights of women and slaves .
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extremist
[substantiv]

a person who holds radical views, particularly in politics or religion, and is willing to use extreme measures to achieve their goals

extremist, fundamentalist

extremist, fundamentalist

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martyr
[substantiv]

someone who is killed because of their beliefs

martir, mucenic

martir, mucenic

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to take up, follow, or support a cause, belief, ideology, etc.

a susține, a adopta

a susține, a adopta

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