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SAT 人文科学 - 宗教と信念体系

ここでは、SAT で合格するために必要な、「聖典」、「異教」、「殉教者」など、宗教や信念体系に関連するいくつかの英単語を学びます。

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SAT Vocabulary for Humanities
Scripture

the sacred writings of the Christian faith, comprising the Old and New Testaments of the Bible, considered authoritative and divinely inspired by Christian

聖典

聖典

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[名詞]
deity

a supernatural figure that is worshipped like a god or goddess

神

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[名詞]
altar

the table in a church, used for giving communion in Christianity

祭壇

祭壇

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[名詞]
providence

the divine guidance, care, and intervention of a higher power

神の摂理

神の摂理

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[名詞]
rite

a formal or ceremonial act, procedure, or ritual, often associated with religious practices

儀式

儀式

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[名詞]
mosque

a place of worship, used by Muslims

モスク

モスク

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[名詞]
clergy

people who are officially chosen to lead religious services in a church or other religious institution

聖職者

聖職者

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[名詞]
disciple

a follower or student who adheres to the teachings and practices of a particular leader, teacher, or philosophy

弟子

弟子

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[名詞]
monk

a member of a male religious group that lives in a monastery

僧侶

僧侶

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[名詞]
denomination

a distinct branch or or subgroup within a larger religious tradition, characterized by specific beliefs, practices, and organizational structures

宗派

宗派

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[名詞]
hymn

a religious song intended to praise God, especially sung by Christians in congregation

賛美歌

賛美歌

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[名詞]
Gospel

the written message or teachings of a religious leader that is accepted by their followers

福音

福音

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[名詞]
pilgrimage

a journey or religious expedition to a sacred place or shrine, typically undertaken for spiritual or religious reasons

巡礼

巡礼

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[名詞]
benediction

a prayer asking for blessing and protection

祝祷

祝祷

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[名詞]
secular

not concerned or connected with religion

非宗教的

非宗教的

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[形容詞]
sacred

connected with God or a god, and considered holy or deeply respected in religious contexts

神聖な

神聖な

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[形容詞]
pagan

relating to religions or spiritual systems outside the world's main religions

異教の

異教の

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[形容詞]
to minister

to fulfill a role in religious service or guidance, providing support and leadership within a community

仕える

仕える

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[動詞]
to baptize

to initiate into a religious faith by immersing in or sprinkling with water

洗礼する

洗礼する

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[動詞]
to consecrate

to make something sacred through religious rituals

奉献する

奉献する

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[動詞]
dogma

a belief or a belief system held by an authority who proclaims it to be undeniably true and expects immediate acceptance

ドグマ

ドグマ

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[名詞]
motto

a brief statement or phrase that represents the guiding beliefs or ideals of an individual, family, or institution

モットー

モットー

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[名詞]
credo

a formal statement of beliefs or principles, often religious or philosophical in nature

クレド

クレド

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[名詞]
spiritualism

the belief that the human spirit or soul can survive after death and communicate with the living

スピリチュアリズム

スピリチュアリズム

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[名詞]
rationalism

the belief or principle that ideas and actions should be based on logic instead of religion or emotion

合理主義

合理主義

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[名詞]
idealism

the belief in or pursuit of high principles, values, or ideals, often with a focus on the potential for perfection or improvement

理想主義

理想主義

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[名詞]
determinism

the theory or doctrine that all events and occurrences are completely determined by previously existing causes, therefore human beings cannot be punished or held accountable for their deeds

決定論

決定論

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[名詞]
fundamentalism

a strict commitment to the core beliefs and teachings of a religion, often accompanied by a literal interpretation of its sacred texts

ファンダメンタリズム

ファンダメンタリズム

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[名詞]
empiricism

a theory stating that all knowledge is derived from experience

経験主義

経験主義

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[名詞]
individualism

the conviction that prioritizes self-reliance and personal independence as virtues

個人主義

個人主義

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[名詞]
consumerism

the idea or belief that personal well-being and happiness depend on the purchase of material goods

消費主義

消費主義

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[名詞]
materialism

the philosophical belief that the spiritual world does not exist and the only thing that exists is physical matter

唯物論

唯物論

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[名詞]
dualism

the belief that reality consists of two fundamental and opposing components, such as mind and body or good and evil

二元論

二元論

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[名詞]
egalitarian

a person who believes in or advocates for the principle of equality, especially in regards to social, political, and economic affairs

平等主義者

平等主義者

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[名詞]
utilitarian

someone who supports the theory that actions are morally right if they maximize happiness or pleasure and morally wrong if they cause unhappiness or pain, regardless of other outcomes

功利主義者

功利主義者

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[名詞]
pacifist

an individual who is against war and violence as a way to settle disagreements or conflicts

平和主義者

平和主義者

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[名詞]
zealot

a person with very strong opinions on different matters such as religion or politics who tries to impose them on others

宗教的熱狂者

宗教的熱狂者

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[名詞]
radical

a person whose political inclination is social and political change

急進派

急進派

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[名詞]
abolitionist

a person who advocates for the complete elimination of something

廃止論者

廃止論者

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[名詞]
extremist

a person who holds radical views, particularly in politics or religion, and is willing to use extreme measures to achieve their goals

過激派

過激派

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[名詞]
martyr

someone who is killed because of their beliefs

殉教者

殉教者

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[名詞]
to espouse

to take up, follow, or support a cause, belief, ideology, etc.

支持する

支持する

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[動詞]
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