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Humanidades ACT - Panitikan at Kultura

Dito matututo ka ng ilang mga salitang Ingles na may kaugnayan sa panitikan at kultura, tulad ng "elegy", "satirical", "memoir", atbp. na makakatulong sa iyo na makapasa sa iyong mga ACT.

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ACT Vocabulary for Humanities
free verse
[Pangngalan]

a type of verse without rhyme that has an irregular rhythm

malayang taludturan, malayang tula

malayang taludturan, malayang tula

stanza
[Pangngalan]

a series of lines in a poem, usually with recurring rhyme scheme and meter

saknong, tudling

saknong, tudling

Ex: The stanza's rhyme scheme was ABAB , giving the poem a rhythmic flow .
sonnet
[Pangngalan]

a verse of Italian origin that has 14 lines, usually in an iambic pentameter and a prescribed rhyme scheme

soneto, tula na may labing-apat na taludtod

soneto, tula na may labing-apat na taludtod

Ex: She wrote a sonnet for her literature class , following the traditional 14-line structure .Sumulat siya ng isang **soneto** para sa kanyang klase sa panitikan, na sumusunod sa tradisyonal na 14-line na istraktura.
prose
[Pangngalan]

spoken or written language in its usual form, in contrast to poetry

prosa

prosa

Ex: The author 's mastery of prose evoked vivid imagery and emotional resonance , immersing readers in the world of her storytelling .Ang kahusayan ng may-akda sa **prosa** ay nagbigay-buhay sa malinaw na imahe at emosyonal na pagkakasundo, na naglublob sa mga mambabasa sa mundo ng kanyang pagsasalaysay.
ballad
[Pangngalan]

a tale that is narrated in the form of a song or poem

balada, awit na nagkukuwento

balada, awit na nagkukuwento

Ex: The ballad's haunting melody and evocative lyrics made it a favorite among fans of traditional music .Ang nakakabighaning melodiya at makahulugang lyrics ng **ballad** ang naging dahilan upang maging paborito ito sa mga tagahanga ng tradisyonal na musika.
antimetabole
[Pangngalan]

a literary and rhetorical device that involves repeating words or phrases in successive clauses or sentences, but in reverse order

antimetabole, baligtad

antimetabole, baligtad

personification
[Pangngalan]

a literary device where human qualities or characteristics are attributed to non-human entities, objects, or ideas

pagkatao, pagsasatao

pagkatao, pagsasatao

Ex: She used personification to depict the flowers as dancing in the breeze .Ginamit niya ang **personipikasyon** upang ilarawan ang mga bulaklak na sumasayaw sa simoy ng hangin.
allusion
[Pangngalan]

a statement that implies or indirectly mentions something or someone else, especially as a literary device

pahiwatig, tukoy

pahiwatig, tukoy

Ex: The poet 's allusion to Icarus served as a cautionary tale about the dangers of overambition and hubris .Ang **pahiwatig** ng makata kay Icarus ay nagsilbing babala tungkol sa mga panganib ng labis na ambisyon at kayabangan.
allegorical
[pang-uri]

(of a story, play, image, etc.) using characters or events in a symbolic sense that represent a concept, quality, etc.

alegoriko, simboliko

alegoriko, simboliko

pun
[Pangngalan]

a clever or amusing use of words that takes advantage of the multiple meanings or interpretations that it has

paglalaro ng salita, pun

paglalaro ng salita, pun

Ex: The pun in the advertisement was so funny that it went viral on social media .Ang **paglalaro ng salita** sa patalastas ay napakatawa kaya naging viral ito sa social media.
metaphor
[Pangngalan]

a figure of speech that compares two unrelated things to highlight their similarities and convey a deeper meaning

metapora, pigura ng pananalita

metapora, pigura ng pananalita

Ex: Her speech was filled with powerful metaphors that moved the audience .Ang kanyang talumpati ay puno ng makapangyarihang **metapora** na nagpakilos sa madla.
simile
[Pangngalan]

a word or phrase that compares two things or people, highlighting the similarities, often introduced by 'like' or 'as'

paghahambing, simile

paghahambing, simile

Ex: The poet 's use of a simile comparing the stars to diamonds in the sky adds a touch of beauty and sparkle to the nighttime landscape .Ang paggamit ng makata ng **simile** na naghahambing ng mga bituin sa mga diamante sa kalangitan ay nagdaragdag ng isang piraso ng kagandahan at kislap sa tanawin sa gabi.
irony
[Pangngalan]

a form of humor in which the words that someone says mean the opposite, producing an emphatic effect

ironya

ironya

Ex: Through irony, she pointed out the flaws in their logic without directly insulting them .Sa pamamagitan ng **ironya**, itinuro niya ang mga pagkakamali sa kanilang lohika nang hindi direktang ininsulto sila.
marginalia
[Pangngalan]

marks and notes written in the margins of a book or document

marginalia, mga tala sa gilid

marginalia, mga tala sa gilid

memoir
[Pangngalan]

a written account of a person's own life experiences or a particular period in their life

alaala, awtobiyograpiya

alaala, awtobiyograpiya

autobiography
[Pangngalan]

the story of the life of a person, written by the same person

awtobiyograpiya, memoirs

awtobiyograpiya, memoirs

Ex: The autobiography provided a unique perspective on the civil rights movement .Ang **awtobiyograpiya** ay nagbigay ng natatanging pananaw sa kilusang karapatang sibil.
graphic novel
[Pangngalan]

a book that combines illustrations and storytelling to convey a narrative, often in a sequential art format

nobelang grapiko, komiks

nobelang grapiko, komiks

Ex: She discovered a graphic novel series that explores historical events .Natuklasan niya ang isang serye ng **graphic novel** na nag-explore ng mga makasaysayang pangyayari.
anthology
[Pangngalan]

a collection of selected writings by various authors, often on a similar theme or subject

antolohiya, kalipunan

antolohiya, kalipunan

Ex: Students studied an anthology of plays by Shakespeare for their literature class .Ang mga mag-aaral ay nag-aral ng isang **antolohiya** ng mga dula ni Shakespeare para sa kanilang klase sa panitikan.
manuscript
[Pangngalan]

a handwritten or typed document that has not yet been published or printed, often used to refer to an author's draft of a book or other literary work

manuskrito, borador

manuskrito, borador

satirical
[pang-uri]

intending to mock, ridicule, or criticize a person, group, or society in a humorous or exaggerated way

satirikal, nang-uuyam

satirikal, nang-uuyam

Ex: The film used satirical elements to challenge social norms .Ginamit ng pelikula ang mga elementong **satirical** upang hamunin ang mga normang panlipunan.
excerpt
[Pangngalan]

a short piece taken from a longer composition

sipi

sipi

scroll
[Pangngalan]

a roll of parchment, paper, or other material containing writing or images, often used for historical or religious texts

pergamino, rolyo

pergamino, rolyo

interjection
[Pangngalan]

(grammar) a phrase or word used suddenly to express a particular emotion

interjeksyon, pabulalas

interjeksyon, pabulalas

Ex: During the debate , the speaker highlighted the importance of interjection in conveying emotions in speech .Sa panahon ng debate, binigyang-diin ng tagapagsalita ang kahalagahan ng **pandamdam** sa paghahatid ng emosyon sa pagsasalita.
tone
[Pangngalan]

the general manner or attitude of the author in a literary work

tono, tonalidad

tono, tonalidad

canon
[Pangngalan]

a recognized collection of authoritative books, texts, or works within a particular field or tradition, especially in religion

kanon

kanon

Ex: " The Great Gatsby " by F. Scott Fitzgerald is often included in the canon of American literature .Ang "The Great Gatsby" ni F. Scott Fitzgerald ay madalas na isama sa **canon** ng panitikang Amerikano.
protagonist
[Pangngalan]

the main character in a movie, novel, TV show, etc.

pangunahing tauhan, protagonista

pangunahing tauhan, protagonista

Ex: The protagonist's quest for redemption and forgiveness forms the emotional core of the narrative , resonating with audiences on a deeply human level .Ang paghahanap ng **pangunahing tauhan** para sa katubusan at kapatawaran ang bumubuo sa emosyonal na ubod ng salaysay, na tumutugon sa mga manonood sa isang malalim na antas ng tao.
heroine
[Pangngalan]

the main female character in a story, book, film, etc., typically known for great qualities

bayani, babaeng pangunahing tauhan

bayani, babaeng pangunahing tauhan

Ex: The story is about a heroine who fights evil with her magical powers .Ang kuwento ay tungkol sa isang **bida** na lumalaban sa kasamaan gamit ang kanyang mahiwagang kapangyarihan.

the use of words and expressions that are not meant to be taken literally, but rather to create a vivid, imaginative image or effect in the reader's mind

piguratibong wika, matalinghagang wika

piguratibong wika, matalinghagang wika

melodramatic
[pang-uri]

exaggerated or overly emotional in a theatrical or sensational way

melodramatik, labis

melodramatik, labis

Ex: The teenager 's diary entries were filled with melodramatic accounts of daily challenges and triumphs .Ang mga tala sa diary ng tinedyer ay puno ng **melodramatic** na mga kuwento ng mga pang-araw-araw na hamon at tagumpay.
dime novel
[Pangngalan]

a cheap paperback novel often featuring an adventure or melodramatic story

murang nobela, nobelang puno ng pakikipagsapalaran o melodramatikong kwento

murang nobela, nobelang puno ng pakikipagsapalaran o melodramatikong kwento

to turn real events or situations into a tale or story, often by changing or adding to the details

gawing kathang-isip, isulat bilang nobela

gawing kathang-isip, isulat bilang nobela

Ex: Authors often fictionalize distant memories to explore deeper emotional truths in their writing .Madalas na **gawing kathang-isip** ng mga may-akda ang malalayong alaala upang tuklasin ang mas malalim na emosyonal na katotohanan sa kanilang pagsusulat.
backstory
[Pangngalan]

the events that have happened to a character before their story in a book, movie, etc. begins

nakaraan, likod na kwento

nakaraan, likod na kwento

Ex: The video game 's immersive storyline included optional quests that allowed players to uncover hidden aspects of the protagonist 's backstory.Ang nakaka-immerse na storyline ng video game ay may kasamang optional quests na nagpapahintulot sa mga manlalaro na matuklasan ang mga nakatagong aspeto ng **backstory** ng protagonista.
ghostwriter
[Pangngalan]

an author whose work is published under someone else's name

manggagawang ghostwriter, manunulat na multo

manggagawang ghostwriter, manunulat na multo

Ex: The ghostwriter's name remained confidential while the author 's name was on the cover .Ang pangalan ng **ghostwriter** ay nanatiling kumpidensyal habang ang pangalan ng may-akda ay nasa pabalat.
glyph
[Pangngalan]

a decorative element or symbol carved or inscribed onto a surface

glyph, dekoratibong simbolo

glyph, dekoratibong simbolo

syntax
[Pangngalan]

(linguistics) the way in which words and phrases are arranged to form grammatical sentences in a language

sintaks, istruktura ng gramatika

sintaks, istruktura ng gramatika

Ex: Syntax analysis helps in identifying how sentence elements like nouns , verbs , and adjectives interact within a given linguistic framework .
dialect
[Pangngalan]

the spoken form of a language specific to a certain region or people which is slightly different from the standard form in words and grammar

diyalekto, wikain

diyalekto, wikain

Ex: Linguists study dialects to better understand language variation and change , as well as the social and cultural factors that shape linguistic diversity .
intonation
[Pangngalan]

(phonetics) the rising and falling of the voice when speaking

intonasyon

intonasyon

Ex: Intonation is an important aspect of spoken language that helps listeners interpret the speaker 's attitude , mood , and intention , contributing to effective communication .Ang **intonation** ay isang mahalagang aspeto ng sinasalitang wika na tumutulong sa mga tagapakinig na maunawaan ang saloobin, mood, at intensyon ng nagsasalita, na nag-aambag sa mabisang komunikasyon.
acronym
[Pangngalan]

a word formed from the initial letters of a phrase, pronounced as a single word

akronim, daglat

akronim, daglat

Ex: The company name was created as an acronym from its founders ' initials .Ang pangalan ng kumpanya ay nilikha bilang isang **akronim** mula sa mga inisyal ng mga tagapagtatag nito.
initialism
[Pangngalan]

a type of abbreviation where the first letter of each word in a phrase or name is used to form a pronounceable acronym-like string of letters

inisyal, akronim

inisyal, akronim

etymology
[Pangngalan]

the study of the origins and historical developments of words and their meanings

etimolohiya

etimolohiya

Ex: The etymology of " amplify " reveals its roots in Latin " amplus , " meaning large or spacious .Ang **etimolohiya** ng "amplify" ay nagpapakita ng mga ugat nito sa Latin na "amplus," na nangangahulugang malaki o maluwang.
linguist
[Pangngalan]

an expert in the study of language, examining its structure, development, and cultural aspects

linggwista

linggwista

Ex: Linguists contribute to language preservation efforts , documenting and revitalizing endangered languages .Ang mga **linggwista** ay nag-aambag sa mga pagsisikap sa pagpreserba ng wika, sa pamamagitan ng pagdodokumento at pagbibigay-buhay sa mga nanganganib na wika.
mythology
[Pangngalan]

a collection of ancient myths, particularly one that belongs to a group of people and their history, etc.

mitolohiya

mitolohiya

Ex: Many cultures around the world have their own mythology, which reflects their history , values , and worldview .Maraming kultura sa buong mundo ang may sariling **mitolohiya**, na sumasalamin sa kanilang kasaysayan, mga halaga, at pananaw sa mundo.
chimera
[Pangngalan]

a mythological creature in Greek mythology, typically depicted as a fire-breathing creature with the body and head of a lion, the head of a goat protruding from its back, and a serpent for a tail

kimera, mitolohikong nilalang

kimera, mitolohikong nilalang

basilisk
[Pangngalan]

a legendary reptile, often depicted as having a deadly gaze or venomous breath

basilisk, maalamat na reptilya

basilisk, maalamat na reptilya

Ex: The ancient texts warned of the basilisk's power , advising caution to those who dared to confront it .Ang mga sinaunang teksto ay nagbabala sa kapangyarihan ng **basilisk**, na nagpapayo ng pag-iingat sa mga nangahas na harapin ito.
burlesque
[Pangngalan]

an absurd or comically exaggerated replication of a literary or dramatic work

parodya, burlesk

parodya, burlesk

folklore
[Pangngalan]

the traditional beliefs, customs, stories, and legends of a particular community, usually passed down through generations by word of mouth

pamana, kaugaliang bayan

pamana, kaugaliang bayan

Ex: Folklore can also evolve over time , adapting to changes in society and incorporating new influences while retaining its essential character and meaning .Ang **folklore** ay maaari ring magbago sa paglipas ng panahon, umaangkop sa mga pagbabago sa lipunan at nagsasama ng mga bagong impluwensya habang pinapanatili ang mahalagang katangian at kahulugan nito.
custom
[Pangngalan]

a way of behaving or of doing something that is widely accepted in a society or among a specific group of people

kaugalian, kostumbre

kaugalian, kostumbre

Ex: The custom of having afternoon tea is still popular in some parts of the UK .Ang **kaugalian** ng pag-inom ng hapunang tsaa ay patuloy na popular sa ilang bahagi ng UK.
lore
[Pangngalan]

collective knowledge, traditions, beliefs, and stories passed down within a culture or community, typically through storytelling

kaalaman, tradisyon

kaalaman, tradisyon

Ex: Exploring the lore of ancient civilizations helps archaeologists understand their societal structures and religious practices .Ang paggalugad sa **alamat** ng mga sinaunang sibilisasyon ay tumutulong sa mga arkeologo na maunawaan ang kanilang mga istruktura ng lipunan at mga gawaing relihiyoso.
elegy
[Pangngalan]

a song or poem expressing sadness, especially in the memory of a dead person or a bitter event in the past

elehiya, awit ng pagluluksa

elehiya, awit ng pagluluksa

Ex: Through the elegy, the poet found catharsis in expressing their grief and honoring the memory of the departed .Sa pamamagitan ng **elegiya**, natagpuan ng makata ang katharsis sa pagpapahayag ng kanilang kalungkutan at pagpupugay sa alaala ng yumao.
heritage
[Pangngalan]

an individual's religious or ethnic background that is passed down to them from their ancestors

pamana

pamana

Ex: She learned traditional recipes from her grandmother , preserving her culinary heritage for future generations .Natutunan niya ang mga tradisyonal na recipe mula sa kanyang lola, na pinapanatili ang kanyang **pamana** sa pagluluto para sa mga susunod na henerasyon.
time-honored
[pang-uri]

(of traditions, practices, or customs) respected and followed for a long time because of their enduring value or significance

iginagalang, tradisyonal

iginagalang, tradisyonal

Ex: The library is a repository of time-honored literature that has shaped generations of readers .Ang aklatan ay isang imbakan ng **pinagpipitaganang** panitikan na humubog sa mga henerasyon ng mambabasa.
subculture
[Pangngalan]

a group within a larger culture that shares distinctive values, norms, and behaviors, often differing from those of the dominant culture

subkultura, kulturang pang-ilalim

subkultura, kulturang pang-ilalim

Ex: The punk subculture emerged in the 1970s as a rebellion against mainstream culture, with its distinctive music, fashion, and anti-establishment attitudes still prevalent among its followers today.Ang **subkultura** ng punk ay lumitaw noong 1970s bilang isang paghihimagsik laban sa pangunahing kultura, na may natatanging musika, fashion, at anti-establishment na saloobin na laganap pa rin sa mga tagasunod nito ngayon.
rebirth
[Pangngalan]

a renewed period of growth, popularity, or significance, particularly in cultural, artistic, or economic contexts

muling pagsilang, pagbabagong-buhay

muling pagsilang, pagbabagong-buhay

Ex: The economic rebirth of the neighborhood came with new businesses and community initiatives .Ang ekonomikong **muling pagsilang** ng nayon ay dumating kasama ng mga bagong negosyo at inisyatiba ng komunidad.
Humanidades ACT
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