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Științe Umaniste ACT - Literatură și Cultură

Aici vei învăța câteva cuvinte în engleză legate de literatură și cultură, cum ar fi "elegie", "satiric", "memorii" etc. care te vor ajuta să treci de ACT-urile tale.

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ACT Vocabulary for Humanities
free verse
free verse
[substantiv]

a type of verse without rhyme that has an irregular rhythm

vers liber, poezie liberă

vers liber, poezie liberă

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stanza
stanza
[substantiv]

a series of lines in a poem, usually with recurring rhyme scheme and meter

strofă, stanţă

strofă, stanţă

Ex: The poem was structured with four stanzas, each following a different theme. 
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sonnet
sonnet
[substantiv]

a verse of Italian origin that has 14 lines, usually in an iambic pentameter and a prescribed rhyme scheme

sonet, poem de paisprezece versuri

sonet, poem de paisprezece versuri

Ex: He struggled to fit his thoughts into the strict format of a sonnet. 
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prose
prose
[substantiv]

spoken or written language in its usual form, in contrast to poetry

proză

proză

Ex: Her writing style is characterized by clear and concise prose, making her novels accessible to a wide audience. 
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ballad
ballad
[substantiv]

a tale that is narrated in the form of a song or poem

baladă, cântec narativ

baladă, cântec narativ

Ex: The troubadours of medieval Europe traveled from town to town, singing ballads of love and chivalry. 
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antimetabole
antimetabole
[substantiv]

a literary and rhetorical device that involves repeating words or phrases in successive clauses or sentences, but in reverse order

antimetabolă, chiasm

antimetabolă, chiasm

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personification
personification
[substantiv]

a literary device where human qualities or characteristics are attributed to non-human entities, objects, or ideas

personificare, întruchipare

personificare, întruchipare

Ex: The poem’s personification of the wind made it seem alive and restless. 
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allusion
allusion
[substantiv]

a statement that implies or indirectly mentions something or someone else, especially as a literary device

aluzie, referire

aluzie, referire

Ex: Her comment about "meeting her Waterloo" was an allusion to Napoleon's final defeat, implying she faced an insurmountable challenge. 
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allegorical
allegorical
[adjectiv]

(of a story, play, image, etc.) using characters or events in a symbolic sense that represent a concept, quality, etc.

alegoric, simbolic

alegoric, simbolic

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pun
pun
[substantiv]

a clever or amusing use of words that takes advantage of the multiple meanings or interpretations that it has

joc de cuvinte, calambur

joc de cuvinte, calambur

Ex: She made a clever pun during the meeting that had everyone laughing. 
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metaphor
metaphor
[substantiv]

a figure of speech that compares two unrelated things to highlight their similarities and convey a deeper meaning

metaforă, figură de stil

metaforă, figură de stil

Ex: He used the metaphor of a journey to describe the process of personal growth. 
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simile
simile
[substantiv]

a word or phrase that compares two things or people, highlighting the similarities, often introduced by 'like' or 'as'

comparatie, similitudine

comparatie, similitudine

Ex: The poet used a simile to compare the clouds to cotton candy, painting a vivid picture of their fluffy, ethereal appearance. 
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irony
irony
[substantiv]

a form of humor in which the words that someone says mean the opposite, producing an emphatic effect

ironie

ironie

Ex: His irony was so sharp that some people didn’t realize he was mocking them. 
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marginalia
marginalia
[substantiv]

marks and notes written in the margins of a book or document

marginalia, note marginale

marginalia, note marginale

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memoir
memoir
[substantiv]

a written account of a person's own life experiences or a particular period in their life

memorii, autobiografie

memorii, autobiografie

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autobiography
autobiography
[substantiv]

the story of the life of a person, written by the same person

autobiografie, memorii

autobiografie, memorii

Ex: He wrote an autobiography to share his life story with the world. 
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graphic novel
graphic novel
[substantiv]

a book that combines illustrations and storytelling to convey a narrative, often in a sequential art format

roman grafic, bandă desenată

roman grafic, bandă desenată

Ex: She is reading a graphic novel that explores dystopian themes. 
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anthology
anthology
[substantiv]

a collection of selected writings by various authors, often on a similar theme or subject

antologie, culegere

antologie, culegere

Ex: The university library boasts an extensive anthology of classical literature. 
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manuscript
manuscript
[substantiv]

a handwritten or typed document that has not yet been published or printed, often used to refer to an author's draft of a book or other literary work

manuscris, schiță

manuscris, schiță

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satirical
satirical
[adjectiv]

intending to mock, ridicule, or criticize a person, group, or society in a humorous or exaggerated way

satiric, ironic

satiric, ironic

Ex: The novel is a satirical critique of modern society. 
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excerpt
excerpt
[substantiv]

a short piece taken from a longer composition

fragment

fragment

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scroll
scroll
[substantiv]

a roll of parchment, paper, or other material containing writing or images, often used for historical or religious texts

sul, pergament

sul, pergament

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interjection
interjection
[substantiv]

(grammar) a phrase or word used suddenly to express a particular emotion

interjecție, exclamație

interjecție, exclamație

Ex: The teacher explained the concept of interjection during grammar class. 
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tone
tone
[substantiv]

the quality or character of speech, writing, or behavior that reflects the speaker's or writer's attitude

ton, tonalitate

ton, tonalitate

Ex: The essay's tone was formal and authoritative. 
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canon
canon
[substantiv]

a recognized collection of authoritative books, texts, or works within a particular field or tradition, especially in religion

canon

canon

Ex: Shakespeare's plays are considered part of the literary canon in English literature. 
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protagonist
protagonist
[substantiv]

the main character in a movie, novel, TV show, etc.

personaj principal, protagonist

personaj principal, protagonist

Ex: The protagonist of the novel is a young orphan who embarks on a journey of self-discovery and adventure. 
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heroine
heroine
[substantiv]

the main female character in a story, book, film, etc., typically known for great qualities

eroină, personaj feminin principal

eroină, personaj feminin principal

Ex: She admired the bravery of the heroine in the novel. 
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figurative language

the use of words and expressions that are not meant to be taken literally, but rather to create a vivid, imaginative image or effect in the reader's mind

limbaj figurativ, limbaj imagistic

limbaj figurativ, limbaj imagistic

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melodramatic
melodramatic
[adjectiv]

exaggerated or overly emotional in a theatrical or sensational way

melodramatic, teatral

melodramatic, teatral

Ex: Sarah's reaction to the minor inconvenience was melodramatic, complete with tears and exclamations. 
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dime novel
dime novel
[substantiv]

a cheap paperback novel often featuring an adventure or melodramatic story

roman ieftin, roman de aventură sau melodramatic

roman ieftin, roman de aventură sau melodramatic

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to fictionalize

to turn real events or situations into a tale or story, often by changing or adding to the details

ficţionaliza, romanța

ficţionaliza, romanța

Ex: The author fictionalized her childhood experiences in her bestselling novel. 
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backstory
backstory
[substantiv]

the events that have happened to a character before their story in a book, movie, etc. begins

povestea din spate, trecut

povestea din spate, trecut

Ex: The author revealed the protagonist's tragic backstory through a series of flashbacks scattered throughout the novel. 
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ghostwriter
ghostwriter
[substantiv]

an author whose work is published under someone else's name

scriitor fantomă, negru literar

scriitor fantomă, negru literar

Ex: The celebrity hired a ghostwriter to pen their memoirs. 
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glyph
glyph
[substantiv]

a decorative element or symbol carved or inscribed onto a surface

glif, simbol decorativ

glif, simbol decorativ

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syntax
syntax
[substantiv]

(linguistics) the way in which words and phrases are arranged to form grammatical sentences in a language

sintaxă, structură gramaticală

sintaxă, structură gramaticală

Ex: In linguistics, syntax refers to the rules that govern the structure of sentences, determining how words are arranged to convey meaning. 
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dialect
dialect
[substantiv]

the spoken form of a language specific to a certain region or people which is slightly different from the standard form in words and grammar

dialect, grai

dialect, grai

Ex: A dialect is a variety of a language spoken by a particular group of people, characterized by unique vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation. 
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intonation
intonation
[substantiv]

(phonetics) the rising and falling of the voice when speaking

intonatie

intonatie

Ex: In phonetics, intonation refers to the pattern of rising and falling pitch in speech, which conveys meaning, emotion, and emphasis. 
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acronym
acronym
[substantiv]

a word formed from the initial letters of a phrase, pronounced as a single word

acronim, abreviere

acronim, abreviere

Ex: NASA is an acronym for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. 
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initialism
initialism
[substantiv]

a type of abbreviation where the first letter of each word in a phrase or name is used to form a pronounceable acronym-like string of letters

acronim, abreviere

acronim, abreviere

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etymology
etymology
[substantiv]

the study of the origins and historical developments of words and their meanings

etimologie

etimologie

Ex: Linguists trace the etymology of "vocabulary" back to Latin "vocabulum," meaning word. 
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linguist
linguist
[substantiv]

an expert in the study of language, examining its structure, development, and cultural aspects

lingvist

lingvist

Ex: The linguist conducted research on the syntax and grammar of an endangered indigenous language. 
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mythology
mythology
[substantiv]

a collection of ancient myths, particularly one that belongs to a group of people and their history, etc.

mitologie

mitologie

Ex: Greek mythology includes stories of gods, goddesses, and heroes such as Zeus, Athena, and Hercules. 
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basilisk
basilisk
[substantiv]

a legendary reptile, often depicted as having a deadly gaze or venomous breath

basilisc, reptilă legendară

basilisc, reptilă legendară

Ex: The basilisk was feared throughout ancient lore for its deadly gaze. 
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burlesque
burlesque
[substantiv]

an absurd or comically exaggerated replication of a literary or dramatic work

parodie, burlesc

parodie, burlesc

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folklore
folklore
[substantiv]

the traditional beliefs, customs, stories, and legends of a particular community, usually passed down through generations by word of mouth

folclor, tradiții populare

folclor, tradiții populare

Ex: Folklore encompasses a wide range of cultural expressions, including myths, legends, fairy tales, folk songs, and folk dances. 
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custom
custom
[substantiv]

a way of behaving or of doing something that is widely accepted in a society or among a specific group of people

obicei, tradiție

obicei, tradiție

Ex: It is a custom in Japan to take off your shoes before entering a house. 
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lore
lore
[substantiv]

collective knowledge, traditions, beliefs, and stories passed down within a culture or community, typically through storytelling

cunoaștere, tradiție

cunoaștere, tradiție

Ex: The tribe's elders passed down ancient lore about the origins of their people. 
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elegy
elegy
[substantiv]

a song or poem expressing sadness, especially in the memory of a dead person or a bitter event in the past

elegie, cântec funebru

elegie, cântec funebru

Ex: The poet composed an elegy to mourn the passing of a beloved friend, capturing the grief and longing felt by those left behind. 
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heritage
heritage
[substantiv]

an individual's religious or ethnic background that is passed down to them from their ancestors

moștenire

moștenire

Ex: She takes great pride in her cultural heritage and often participates in traditional ceremonies and festivals. 
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time-honored
time-honored
[adjectiv]

(of traditions, practices, or customs) respected and followed for a long time because of their enduring value or significance

venerabil, tradițional

venerabil, tradițional

Ex: The time-honored ceremony has been celebrated in our family for generations. 
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subculture
subculture
[substantiv]

a group within a larger culture that shares distinctive values, norms, and behaviors, often differing from those of the dominant culture

subcultură, culturi alternative

subcultură, culturi alternative

Ex: The goth subculture, characterized by its dark fashion and music preferences, often congregates in alternative clubs and events. 
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rebirth
rebirth
[substantiv]

a renewed period of growth, popularity, or significance, particularly in cultural, artistic, or economic contexts

renastere, reînnoire

renastere, reînnoire

Ex: The city underwent a cultural rebirth, revitalizing its arts scene and historical landmarks. 
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