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Nhân Văn ACT - Văn học và Văn hóa

Ở đây bạn sẽ học một số từ tiếng Anh liên quan đến văn học và văn hóa, chẳng hạn như "elegy", "satirical", "memoir", v.v. sẽ giúp bạn vượt qua kỳ thi ACT.

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Bắt đầu học
ACT Vocabulary for Humanities
free verse
free verse
[Danh từ]

a type of verse without rhyme that has an irregular rhythm

thơ tự do, thơ không vần

thơ tự do, thơ không vần

stanza
stanza
[Danh từ]

a series of lines in a poem, usually with recurring rhyme scheme and meter

khổ thơ, đoạn thơ

khổ thơ, đoạn thơ

Ex: The poem was structured with four stanzas, each following a different theme. 
sonnet
sonnet
[Danh từ]

a verse of Italian origin that has 14 lines, usually in an iambic pentameter and a prescribed rhyme scheme

sonnet, bài thơ mười bốn dòng

sonnet, bài thơ mười bốn dòng

Ex: He struggled to fit his thoughts into the strict format of a sonnet. 
prose
prose
[Danh từ]

spoken or written language in its usual form, in contrast to poetry

văn xuôi

văn xuôi

Ex: Her writing style is characterized by clear and concise prose, making her novels accessible to a wide audience. 
ballad
ballad
[Danh từ]

a tale that is narrated in the form of a song or poem

bản ballad, bài hát kể chuyện

bản ballad, bài hát kể chuyện

Ex: The troubadours of medieval Europe traveled from town to town, singing ballads of love and chivalry. 
antimetabole
antimetabole
[Danh từ]

a literary and rhetorical device that involves repeating words or phrases in successive clauses or sentences, but in reverse order

antimetabole, đảo ngữ

antimetabole, đảo ngữ

personification
personification
[Danh từ]

a literary device where human qualities or characteristics are attributed to non-human entities, objects, or ideas

nhân cách hóa, hiện thân

nhân cách hóa, hiện thân

Ex: The poem’s personification of the wind made it seem alive and restless. 
allusion
allusion
[Danh từ]

a statement that implies or indirectly mentions something or someone else, especially as a literary device

ám chỉ, nhắc đến

ám chỉ, nhắc đến

Ex: Her comment about "meeting her Waterloo" was an allusion to Napoleon's final defeat, implying she faced an insurmountable challenge. 
allegorical
allegorical
[Tính từ]

(of a story, play, image, etc.) using characters or events in a symbolic sense that represent a concept, quality, etc.

ngụ ngôn, tượng trưng

ngụ ngôn, tượng trưng

pun
pun
[Danh từ]

a clever or amusing use of words that takes advantage of the multiple meanings or interpretations that it has

chơi chữ, lối nói chơi chữ

chơi chữ, lối nói chơi chữ

Ex: She made a clever pun during the meeting that had everyone laughing. 
metaphor
metaphor
[Danh từ]

a figure of speech that compares two unrelated things to highlight their similarities and convey a deeper meaning

ẩn dụ, hình thức tu từ

ẩn dụ, hình thức tu từ

Ex: He used the metaphor of a journey to describe the process of personal growth. 
simile
simile
[Danh từ]

a word or phrase that compares two things or people, highlighting the similarities, often introduced by 'like' or 'as'

so sánh, ví von

so sánh, ví von

Ex: The poet used a simile to compare the clouds to cotton candy, painting a vivid picture of their fluffy, ethereal appearance. 
irony
irony
[Danh từ]

a form of humor in which the words that someone says mean the opposite, producing an emphatic effect

sự mỉa mai

sự mỉa mai

Ex: His irony was so sharp that some people didn’t realize he was mocking them. 
marginalia
marginalia
[Danh từ]

marks and notes written in the margins of a book or document

marginalia, ghi chú bên lề

marginalia, ghi chú bên lề

memoir
memoir
[Danh từ]

a written account of a person's own life experiences or a particular period in their life

hồi ký, tự truyện

hồi ký, tự truyện

autobiography
autobiography
[Danh từ]

the story of the life of a person, written by the same person

tự truyện, hồi ký

tự truyện, hồi ký

Ex: He wrote an autobiography to share his life story with the world. 
graphic novel
graphic novel
[Danh từ]

a book that combines illustrations and storytelling to convey a narrative, often in a sequential art format

tiểu thuyết đồ họa, truyện tranh

tiểu thuyết đồ họa, truyện tranh

Ex: She is reading a graphic novel that explores dystopian themes. 
anthology
anthology
[Danh từ]

a collection of selected writings by various authors, often on a similar theme or subject

tuyển tập, bộ sưu tập

tuyển tập, bộ sưu tập

Ex: The university library boasts an extensive anthology of classical literature. 
manuscript
manuscript
[Danh từ]

a handwritten or typed document that has not yet been published or printed, often used to refer to an author's draft of a book or other literary work

bản thảo, bản nháp

bản thảo, bản nháp

satirical
satirical
[Tính từ]

intending to mock, ridicule, or criticize a person, group, or society in a humorous or exaggerated way

châm biếm, mỉa mai

châm biếm, mỉa mai

Ex: The novel is a satirical critique of modern society. 
excerpt
excerpt
[Danh từ]

a short piece taken from a longer composition

đoạn trích

đoạn trích

scroll
scroll
[Danh từ]

a roll of parchment, paper, or other material containing writing or images, often used for historical or religious texts

cuộn giấy, giấy da

cuộn giấy, giấy da

interjection
interjection
[Danh từ]

(grammar) a phrase or word used suddenly to express a particular emotion

thán từ, lời cảm thán

thán từ, lời cảm thán

Ex: The teacher explained the concept of interjection during grammar class. 
tone
tone
[Danh từ]

the quality or character of speech, writing, or behavior that reflects the speaker's or writer's attitude

giọng điệu, sắc thái

giọng điệu, sắc thái

Ex: The essay's tone was formal and authoritative. 
canon
canon
[Danh từ]

a recognized collection of authoritative books, texts, or works within a particular field or tradition, especially in religion

kinh điển

kinh điển

Ex: Shakespeare's plays are considered part of the literary canon in English literature. 
protagonist
protagonist
[Danh từ]

the main character in a movie, novel, TV show, etc.

nhân vật chính, người chủ chốt

nhân vật chính, người chủ chốt

Ex: The protagonist of the novel is a young orphan who embarks on a journey of self-discovery and adventure. 
heroine
heroine
[Danh từ]

the main female character in a story, book, film, etc., typically known for great qualities

nữ anh hùng, nhân vật nữ chính

nữ anh hùng, nhân vật nữ chính

Ex: She admired the bravery of the heroine in the novel. 
figurative language

the use of words and expressions that are not meant to be taken literally, but rather to create a vivid, imaginative image or effect in the reader's mind

ngôn ngữ hình tượng, ngôn ngữ tượng hình

ngôn ngữ hình tượng, ngôn ngữ tượng hình

melodramatic
melodramatic
[Tính từ]

exaggerated or overly emotional in a theatrical or sensational way

kịch tính, phóng đại

kịch tính, phóng đại

Ex: Sarah's reaction to the minor inconvenience was melodramatic, complete with tears and exclamations. 
dime novel
dime novel
[Danh từ]

a cheap paperback novel often featuring an adventure or melodramatic story

tiểu thuyết rẻ tiền, tiểu thuyết phiêu lưu hoặc kịch tính

tiểu thuyết rẻ tiền, tiểu thuyết phiêu lưu hoặc kịch tính

to fictionalize
to fictionalize
[Động từ]

to turn real events or situations into a tale or story, often by changing or adding to the details

hư cấu, tiểu thuyết hóa

hư cấu, tiểu thuyết hóa

Ex: The author fictionalized her childhood experiences in her bestselling novel. 
backstory
backstory
[Danh từ]

the events that have happened to a character before their story in a book, movie, etc. begins

câu chuyện quá khứ, lý lịch

câu chuyện quá khứ, lý lịch

Ex: The author revealed the protagonist's tragic backstory through a series of flashbacks scattered throughout the novel. 
ghostwriter
ghostwriter
[Danh từ]

an author whose work is published under someone else's name

người viết mướn, cây bút ma

người viết mướn, cây bút ma

Ex: The celebrity hired a ghostwriter to pen their memoirs. 
glyph
glyph
[Danh từ]

a decorative element or symbol carved or inscribed onto a surface

hình khắc, biểu tượng trang trí

hình khắc, biểu tượng trang trí

syntax
syntax
[Danh từ]

(linguistics) the way in which words and phrases are arranged to form grammatical sentences in a language

cú pháp, cấu trúc ngữ pháp

cú pháp, cấu trúc ngữ pháp

Ex: In linguistics, syntax refers to the rules that govern the structure of sentences, determining how words are arranged to convey meaning. 
dialect
dialect
[Danh từ]

the spoken form of a language specific to a certain region or people which is slightly different from the standard form in words and grammar

phương ngữ, tiếng địa phương

phương ngữ, tiếng địa phương

Ex: A dialect is a variety of a language spoken by a particular group of people, characterized by unique vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation. 
intonation
intonation
[Danh từ]

(phonetics) the rising and falling of the voice when speaking

ngữ điệu

ngữ điệu

Ex: In phonetics, intonation refers to the pattern of rising and falling pitch in speech, which conveys meaning, emotion, and emphasis. 
acronym
acronym
[Danh từ]

a word formed from the initial letters of a phrase, pronounced as a single word

từ viết tắt, chữ viết tắt

từ viết tắt, chữ viết tắt

Ex: NASA is an acronym for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. 
initialism
initialism
[Danh từ]

a type of abbreviation where the first letter of each word in a phrase or name is used to form a pronounceable acronym-like string of letters

từ viết tắt, chữ viết tắt

từ viết tắt, chữ viết tắt

etymology
etymology
[Danh từ]

the study of the origins and historical developments of words and their meanings

từ nguyên học

từ nguyên học

Ex: Linguists trace the etymology of "vocabulary" back to Latin "vocabulum," meaning word. 
linguist
linguist
[Danh từ]

an expert in the study of language, examining its structure, development, and cultural aspects

nhà ngôn ngữ học

nhà ngôn ngữ học

Ex: The linguist conducted research on the syntax and grammar of an endangered indigenous language. 
mythology
mythology
[Danh từ]

a collection of ancient myths, particularly one that belongs to a group of people and their history, etc.

thần thoại

thần thoại

Ex: Greek mythology includes stories of gods, goddesses, and heroes such as Zeus, Athena, and Hercules. 
basilisk
basilisk
[Danh từ]

a legendary reptile, often depicted as having a deadly gaze or venomous breath

basilisk, bò sát huyền thoại

basilisk, bò sát huyền thoại

Ex: The basilisk was feared throughout ancient lore for its deadly gaze. 
burlesque
burlesque
[Danh từ]

an absurd or comically exaggerated replication of a literary or dramatic work

sự nhại lại, hài kịch cường điệu

sự nhại lại, hài kịch cường điệu

folklore
folklore
[Danh từ]

the traditional beliefs, customs, stories, and legends of a particular community, usually passed down through generations by word of mouth

văn hóa dân gian, truyền thống dân gian

văn hóa dân gian, truyền thống dân gian

Ex: Folklore encompasses a wide range of cultural expressions, including myths, legends, fairy tales, folk songs, and folk dances. 
custom
custom
[Danh từ]

a way of behaving or of doing something that is widely accepted in a society or among a specific group of people

phong tục, tập quán

phong tục, tập quán

Ex: It is a custom in Japan to take off your shoes before entering a house. 
lore
lore
[Danh từ]

collective knowledge, traditions, beliefs, and stories passed down within a culture or community, typically through storytelling

kiến thức, truyền thống

kiến thức, truyền thống

Ex: The tribe's elders passed down ancient lore about the origins of their people. 
elegy
elegy
[Danh từ]

a song or poem expressing sadness, especially in the memory of a dead person or a bitter event in the past

khúc bi ca, bài thơ ai điếu

khúc bi ca, bài thơ ai điếu

Ex: The poet composed an elegy to mourn the passing of a beloved friend, capturing the grief and longing felt by those left behind. 
heritage
heritage
[Danh từ]

an individual's religious or ethnic background that is passed down to them from their ancestors

di sản

di sản

Ex: She takes great pride in her cultural heritage and often participates in traditional ceremonies and festivals. 
time-honored
time-honored
[Tính từ]

(of traditions, practices, or customs) respected and followed for a long time because of their enduring value or significance

được tôn kính, truyền thống

được tôn kính, truyền thống

Ex: The time-honored ceremony has been celebrated in our family for generations. 
subculture
subculture
[Danh từ]

a group within a larger culture that shares distinctive values, norms, and behaviors, often differing from those of the dominant culture

tiểu văn hóa, văn hóa phụ

tiểu văn hóa, văn hóa phụ

Ex: The goth subculture, characterized by its dark fashion and music preferences, often congregates in alternative clubs and events. 
rebirth
rebirth
[Danh từ]

a renewed period of growth, popularity, or significance, particularly in cultural, artistic, or economic contexts

sự tái sinh, sự phục hưng

sự tái sinh, sự phục hưng

Ex: The city underwent a cultural rebirth, revitalizing its arts scene and historical landmarks. 
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