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Humaniora ACT - Sastra dan Budaya

Pelajari kosakata humaniora ACT untuk sastra dan budaya, termasuk genre, tradisi, identitas, adat istiadat, interpretasi, dan cara masyarakat mengekspresikan ide dan nilai.

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ACT Vocabulary for Humanities
free verse
free verse
[Kata benda]

a type of verse without rhyme that has an irregular rhythm

sajak bebas, puisi bebas

sajak bebas, puisi bebas

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stanza
stanza
[Kata benda]

a series of lines in a poem, usually with recurring rhyme scheme and meter

bait, stanza

bait, stanza

Ex: She analyzed the stanza to understand its symbolic meaning. 

Dia menganalisis bait untuk memahami makna simbolisnya.

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sonnet
sonnet
[Kata benda]

a verse of Italian origin that has 14 lines, usually in an iambic pentameter and a prescribed rhyme scheme

soneta, puisi empat belas baris

soneta, puisi empat belas baris

Ex: The poet recited a classic sonnet by Shakespeare during the literary evening. 

Penyair itu membacakan sebuah soneta klasik karya Shakespeare pada malam sastra.

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prose
prose
[Kata benda]

spoken or written language in its usual form, in contrast to poetry

prosa

prosa

Ex: The professor's lectures were known for their eloquent prose, captivating students with their rich language and depth of insight. 
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ballad
ballad
[Kata benda]

a tale that is narrated in the form of a song or poem

balada, lagu naratif

balada, lagu naratif

Ex: The folk singer-songwriter wrote a new ballad about the struggles of ordinary people in modern society. 
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antimetabole
antimetabole
[Kata benda]

a literary and rhetorical device that involves repeating words or phrases in successive clauses or sentences, but in reverse order

antimetabole, kebalikan

antimetabole, kebalikan

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personification
personification
[Kata benda]

a literary device where human qualities or characteristics are attributed to non-human entities, objects, or ideas

personifikasi, penjelmaan

personifikasi, penjelmaan

Ex: The author used personification to describe the trees whispering in the forest. 

Penulis menggunakan personifikasi untuk menggambarkan pohon-pohon yang berbisik di hutan.

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allusion
allusion
[Kata benda]

a statement that implies or indirectly mentions something or someone else, especially as a literary device

kiasan, referensi

kiasan, referensi

Ex: In his speech, he made an allusion to the Trojan War, drawing a parallel between their struggle and that of ancient heroes. 

Dalam pidatonya, dia membuat kiasan tentang Perang Troya, menggambar paralel antara perjuangan mereka dan para pahlawan kuno.

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allegorical
allegorical
[Adjektiva]

(of a story, play, image, etc.) using characters or events in a symbolic sense that represent a concept, quality, etc.

alegoris, simbolis

alegoris, simbolis

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pun
pun
[Kata benda]

a clever or amusing use of words that takes advantage of the multiple meanings or interpretations that it has

permainan kata, pun

permainan kata, pun

Ex: "I used to be a baker, but I couldn't make enough dough," is a classic pun. 

« Saya dulu seorang tukang roti, tapi tidak bisa menghasilkan adonan yang cukup », adalah permainan kata klasik.

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metaphor
metaphor
[Kata benda]

a figure of speech in which a word or expression is used to describe something by implying a comparison with something else

metafora, kiasan

metafora, kiasan

Ex: The author develops the metaphor throughout the novel. 
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simile
simile
[Kata benda]

a word or phrase that compares two things or people, highlighting the similarities, often introduced by 'like' or 'as'

perumpamaan, perbandingan

perumpamaan, perbandingan

Ex: Through the simile "as brave as a lion," the writer characterizes the hero's courage and valor in the face of danger. 

Melalui perumpamaan "seberani singa", penulis menggambarkan keberanian dan kepahlawanan sang pahlawan dalam menghadapi bahaya.

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irony
irony
[Kata benda]

a form of humor in which the words that someone says mean the opposite, producing an emphatic effect

ironi

ironi

Ex: His speech was filled with irony, making fun of the company’s so-called "success." 

Pidatonya penuh dengan ironi, mengolok-olok 'kesuksesan' yang disebut-sebut perusahaan.

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marginalia
marginalia
[Kata benda]

marks and notes written in the margins of a book or document

marginalia, catatan di pinggir

marginalia, catatan di pinggir

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memoir
memoir
[Kata benda]

a written account of the writer's own life experiences or of a particular period in their life

memoir,  autobiografi

memoir, autobiografi

Ex: Daniel is writing a memoir about his time as a war photographer. 
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autobiography
autobiography
[Kata benda]

the story of the life of a person, written by the same person

otobiografi, kenangan

otobiografi, kenangan

Ex: She decided to write an autobiography after retiring to reflect on her experiences. 

Dia memutuskan untuk menulis autobiografi setelah pensiun untuk merenungkan pengalamannya.

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graphic novel
graphic novel
[Kata benda]

a book that combines illustrations and storytelling to convey a narrative, often in a sequential art format

novel grafis, komik

novel grafis, komik

Ex: He introduced me to a graphic novel that blends science fiction and fantasy. 

Dia memperkenalkan saya pada novel grafis yang menggabungkan fiksi ilmiah dan fantasi.

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anthology
anthology
[Kata benda]

a collection of selected writings by various authors, often on a similar theme or subject

antologi, kumpulan

antologi, kumpulan

Ex: The anthology of poetry featured works from diverse cultures and time periods. 

Antologi puisi ini menampilkan karya dari berbagai budaya dan periode waktu.

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manuscript
manuscript
[Kata benda]

the original written version of a book, article, or other work before it is published

manuskrip,  naskah

manuskrip, naskah

Ex: Daniel spent three years completing the manuscript of his first novel. 
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satirical
satirical
[Adjektiva]

intending to mock, ridicule, or criticize a person, group, or society in a humorous or exaggerated way

satir, ironis

satir, ironis

Ex: He wrote a satirical article about government policies. 

Dia menulis artikel satir tentang kebijakan pemerintah.

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excerpt
excerpt
[Kata benda]

a short piece taken from a longer composition

kutipan

kutipan

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scroll
scroll
[Kata benda]

a roll of parchment, paper, or other material containing writing or images, often used for historical or religious texts

gulungan, perkamen

gulungan, perkamen

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interjection
interjection
[Kata benda]

(grammar) a phrase or word used suddenly to express a particular emotion

interjeksi, kata seru

interjeksi, kata seru

Ex: The linguist discussed the various functions of interjection in language. 

Ahli bahasa membahas berbagai fungsi interjeksi dalam bahasa.

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tone
tone
[Kata benda]

the quality or character of speech, writing, or behavior that reflects the speaker's or writer's attitude

nada, tonalitas

nada, tonalitas

Ex: The essay's tone was formal and authoritative. 
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canon
canon
[Kata benda]

a recognized collection of authoritative books, texts, or works within a particular field or tradition, especially in religion

kanon

kanon

Ex: Bach's compositions are celebrated as part of the classical music canon. 
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protagonist
protagonist
[Kata benda]

the main character in a movie, novel, TV show, etc.

tokoh utama, protagonis

tokoh utama, protagonis

Ex: The protagonist's internal conflict drives the narrative forward as they grapple with difficult choices and confront their own flaws and insecurities. 

Konflik internal protagonis mendorong narasi maju saat mereka bergumul dengan pilihan sulit dan menghadapi kekurangan serta ketidakamanan mereka sendiri.

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heroine
heroine
[Kata benda]

the main female character in a story, book, film, etc., typically known for great qualities

pahlawan wanita, tokoh utama perempuan

pahlawan wanita, tokoh utama perempuan

Ex: The heroine of the book is a young girl with special abilities. 

Pahlawan wanita dalam buku ini adalah seorang gadis muda dengan kemampuan khusus.

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figurative language

the use of words and expressions that are not meant to be taken literally, but rather to create a vivid, imaginative image or effect in the reader's mind

bahasa kiasan, bahasa figuratif

bahasa kiasan, bahasa figuratif

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melodramatic
melodramatic
[Adjektiva]

exaggerated or overly emotional in a theatrical or sensational way

melodramatis, berlebihan

melodramatis, berlebihan

Ex: His apologies seemed melodramatic, as if he were trying to gain sympathy rather than express genuine remorse. 

Permintaannya terdengar melodramatis, seolah-olah dia mencoba mendapatkan simpati daripada mengekspresikan penyesalan yang tulus.

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dime novel
dime novel
[Kata benda]

a cheap paperback novel often featuring an adventure or melodramatic story

novel murah, novel petualangan atau melodramatik

novel murah, novel petualangan atau melodramatik

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to fictionalize
to fictionalize
[kata kerja]

to turn real events or situations into a tale or story, often by changing or adding to the details

membuat fiksi, mengubah menjadi cerita

membuat fiksi, mengubah menjadi cerita

Ex: Writers often fictionalize real-life scandals to protect the identities of those involved. 

Penulis sering mengfiksikan skandal kehidupan nyata untuk melindungi identitas mereka yang terlibat.

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backstory
backstory
[Kata benda]

the events that have happened to a character before their story in a book, movie, etc. begins

latar belakang, kisah masa lalu

latar belakang, kisah masa lalu

Ex: Understanding the villain's backstory added depth to the narrative, revealing the motivations behind their sinister deeds. 
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ghostwriter
ghostwriter
[Kata benda]

an author whose work is published under someone else's name

penulis bayangan, penulis hantu

penulis bayangan, penulis hantu

Ex: The ghostwriter received credit in the acknowledgments section of the book. 

Penulis bayangan mendapat penghargaan di bagian ucapan terima kasih buku.

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glyph
glyph
[Kata benda]

a decorative element or symbol carved or inscribed onto a surface

glif, simbol dekoratif

glif, simbol dekoratif

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syntax
syntax
[Kata benda]

(linguistics) the way in which words and phrases are arranged to form grammatical sentences in a language

sintaksis, struktur gramatikal

sintaksis, struktur gramatikal

Ex: Linguists study syntax to uncover the underlying principles that dictate how different languages form sentences. 

Ahli bahasa mempelajari sintaksis untuk mengungkap prinsip-prinsip mendasar yang menentukan bagaimana berbagai bahasa membentuk kalimat.

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dialect
dialect
[Kata benda]

the spoken form of a language specific to a certain region or people which is slightly different from the standard form in words and grammar

dialek, logat

dialek, logat

Ex: Social dialects, such as sociolects and ethnolects, can be influenced by factors such as social class, ethnicity, or education level. 

Dialek sosial, seperti sosiolek dan etnolek, dapat dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor seperti kelas sosial, etnis, atau tingkat pendidikan.

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intonation
intonation
[Kata benda]

(phonetics) the rising and falling of the voice when speaking

intonasi

intonasi

Ex: In some languages, intonation can change the meaning of a word or phrase, as in Mandarin Chinese, where different intonation patterns distinguish between words with the same phonetic sounds. 
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acronym
acronym
[Kata benda]

a word formed from the initial letters of a phrase, pronounced as a single word

akronim, singkatan

akronim, singkatan

Ex: The military often uses acronyms for complex terms. 

Militer sering menggunakan akronim untuk istilah yang kompleks.

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initialism
initialism
[Kata benda]

a type of abbreviation where the first letter of each word in a phrase or name is used to form a pronounceable acronym-like string of letters

akronim, singkatan

akronim, singkatan

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etymology
etymology
[Kata benda]

the study of the origins and historical developments of words and their meanings

etimologi

etimologi

Ex: The dictionary includes information on the etymology of words to provide linguistic context. 

Kamus mencakup informasi tentang etimologi kata untuk memberikan konteks linguistik.

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linguist
linguist
[Kata benda]

an expert in the study of language, examining its structure, development, and cultural aspects

ahli bahasa

ahli bahasa

Ex: Linguists often collaborate to document and analyze dialectal variations within a language. 

Ahli bahasa sering berkolaborasi untuk mendokumentasikan dan menganalisis variasi dialek dalam suatu bahasa.

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mythology
mythology
[Kata benda]

a collection of ancient myths, particularly one that belongs to a group of people and their history, etc.

mitologi

mitologi

Ex: Many cultures around the world have their own mythology, explaining natural phenomena and the origins of their societies. 

Banyak budaya di seluruh dunia memiliki mitologi mereka sendiri, menjelaskan fenomena alam dan asal-usul masyarakat mereka.

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chimera
chimera
[Kata benda]

a mythological creature in Greek mythology, typically depicted as a fire-breathing creature with the body and head of a lion, the head of a goat protruding from its back, and a serpent for a tail

chimera, makhluk mitologis

chimera, makhluk mitologis

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basilisk
basilisk
[Kata benda]

a legendary reptile, often depicted as having a deadly gaze or venomous breath

basilisk, reptil legendaris

basilisk, reptil legendaris

Ex: Heroes in tales of old often ventured into dangerous lands to slay the dreaded basilisk. 

Pahlawan dalam cerita-cerita lama sering berpetualang ke tanah berbahaya untuk membunuh basilisk yang ditakuti.

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burlesque
burlesque
[Kata benda]

an absurd or comically exaggerated replication of a literary or dramatic work

parodi, burlesque

parodi, burlesque

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folklore
folklore
[Kata benda]

the traditional beliefs, customs, stories, and legends of a particular community, usually passed down through generations by word of mouth

folklor, tradisi rakyat

folklor, tradisi rakyat

Ex: Folklore often reflects the cultural heritage and shared experiences of a community, shaping its collective memory and sense of belonging. 

Folklor sering mencerminkan warisan budaya dan pengalaman bersama suatu komunitas, membentuk ingatan kolektif dan rasa memiliki.

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custom
custom
[Kata benda]

a way of behaving or of doing something that is widely accepted in a society or among a specific group of people

kebiasaan, adat

kebiasaan, adat

Ex: It is a custom in Japan to take off your shoes before entering a house. 
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lore
lore
[Kata benda]

collective knowledge, traditions, beliefs, and stories passed down within a culture or community, typically through storytelling

pengetahuan, tradisi

pengetahuan, tradisi

Ex: The tribe's elders passed down ancient lore about the origins of their people. 

Para tetua suku meneruskan pengetahuan kuno tentang asal-usul rakyat mereka.

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elegy
elegy
[Kata benda]

a song or poem expressing sadness, especially in the memory of a dead person or a bitter event in the past

elegi, nyanyian duka

elegi, nyanyian duka

Ex: In literature, an elegy is a poetic form that expresses sorrow and lamentation, often commemorating the dead or reflecting on the transient nature of life. 

Dalam sastra, sebuah elegi adalah bentuk puisi yang mengungkapkan kesedihan dan ratapan, sering memperingati orang yang telah meninggal atau merenungkan sifat sementara kehidupan.

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heritage
heritage
[Kata benda]

a person's ethnic, cultural, or religious background inherited from their ancestors

warisan,  pusaka

warisan, pusaka

Ex: The event brought together students from many different cultural heritages. 
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time-honored
time-honored
[Adjektiva]

respected because of long-established use or tradition

turunan, berusia lama

turunan, berusia lama

Ex: The festival preserves several time-honored customs. 
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subculture
subculture
[Kata benda]

a group within a larger culture that shares distinctive values, norms, and behaviors, often differing from those of the dominant culture

subkultur, budaya bawah

subkultur, budaya bawah

Ex: Members of the skateboarding subculture often gather at skate parks to practice tricks and bond over their shared passion for the sport. 

Anggota subkultur skateboarding sering berkumpul di taman skate untuk berlatih trik dan menjalin ikatan atas passion bersama mereka terhadap olahraga ini.

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rebirth
rebirth
[Kata benda]

a renewed period of growth, popularity, or significance, particularly in cultural, artistic, or economic contexts

kelahiran kembali, kebangkitan

kelahiran kembali, kebangkitan

Ex: The city underwent a cultural rebirth, revitalizing its arts scene and historical landmarks. 

Kota tersebut mengalami kelahiran kembali budaya, menghidupkan kembali seni dan landmark sejarahnya.

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