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Humaniora ACT - Litteratur och Kultur

Här kommer du att lära dig några engelska ord relaterade till litteratur och kultur, såsom "elegi", "satirisk", "memoir" etc. som kommer att hjälpa dig att klara dina ACT.

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ACT Vocabulary for Humanities
free verse
[Substantiv]

a type of verse without rhyme that has an irregular rhythm

fri vers, fri poesi

fri vers, fri poesi

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stanza
[Substantiv]

a series of lines in a poem, usually with recurring rhyme scheme and meter

strof, vers

strof, vers

Ex: The stanza's rhyme scheme was ABAB , giving the poem a rhythmic flow .
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sonnet
[Substantiv]

a verse of Italian origin that has 14 lines, usually in an iambic pentameter and a prescribed rhyme scheme

sonett, fjortonradigt poem

sonett, fjortonradigt poem

Ex: She wrote a sonnet for her literature class , following the traditional 14-line structure .Hon skrev en **sonett** för sin litteraturklass, enligt den traditionella 14-radiga strukturen.
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prose
[Substantiv]

spoken or written language in its usual form, in contrast to poetry

prosa

prosa

Ex: The author 's mastery of prose evoked vivid imagery and emotional resonance , immersing readers in the world of her storytelling .Författarens behärskning av **prosa** framkallade livfulla bilder och emotionell resonans och fördjupade läsarna i hennes berättarvärld.
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ballad
[Substantiv]

a tale that is narrated in the form of a song or poem

ballad, berättande sång

ballad, berättande sång

Ex: The ballad's haunting melody and evocative lyrics made it a favorite among fans of traditional music .**Balladens** haunting melodi och evokativa texter gjorde den till en favorit bland fans av traditionell musik.
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antimetabole
[Substantiv]

a literary and rhetorical device that involves repeating words or phrases in successive clauses or sentences, but in reverse order

antimetabol, kiasm

antimetabol, kiasm

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personification
[Substantiv]

a literary device where human qualities or characteristics are attributed to non-human entities, objects, or ideas

personifiering, förkroppsligande

personifiering, förkroppsligande

Ex: She used personification to depict the flowers as dancing in the breeze .Hon använde **personifiering** för att skildra blommorna som dansade i brisen.
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allusion
[Substantiv]

a statement that implies or indirectly mentions something or someone else, especially as a literary device

anspelning, hänvisning

anspelning, hänvisning

Ex: The poet 's allusion to Icarus served as a cautionary tale about the dangers of overambition and hubris .Poetens **anspelning** på Ikarus fungerade som en varning om farorna med överdriven ambition och hybris.
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allegorical
[adjektiv]

(of a story, play, image, etc.) using characters or events in a symbolic sense that represent a concept, quality, etc.

allegorisk, symbolisk

allegorisk, symbolisk

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pun
[Substantiv]

a clever or amusing use of words that takes advantage of the multiple meanings or interpretations that it has

ordlek, vits

ordlek, vits

Ex: The pun in the advertisement was so funny that it went viral on social media .**Ordvitsen** i reklamen var så rolig att den blev viral på sociala medier.
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metaphor
[Substantiv]

a figure of speech that compares two unrelated things to highlight their similarities and convey a deeper meaning

metafor, stilfigur

metafor, stilfigur

Ex: Her speech was filled with powerful metaphors that moved the audience .Hennes tal var fyllt med kraftfulla **metaforer** som rörde publiken.
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simile
[Substantiv]

a word or phrase that compares two things or people, highlighting the similarities, often introduced by 'like' or 'as'

liknelse, jämförelse

liknelse, jämförelse

Ex: The poet 's use of a simile comparing the stars to diamonds in the sky adds a touch of beauty and sparkle to the nighttime landscape .Diktarens användning av en **liknelse** som jämför stjärnorna med diamanter på himlen ger en touch av skönhet och glans till nattlandskapet.
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irony
[Substantiv]

a form of humor in which the words that someone says mean the opposite, producing an emphatic effect

ironi

ironi

Ex: Through irony, she pointed out the flaws in their logic without directly insulting them .Genom **ironi** påpekade hon bristerna i deras logik utan att direkt förolämpa dem.
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marginalia
[Substantiv]

marks and notes written in the margins of a book or document

marginalia, marginalanteckningar

marginalia, marginalanteckningar

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memoir
[Substantiv]

a written account of a person's own life experiences or a particular period in their life

memoir, självbiografi

memoir, självbiografi

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autobiography
[Substantiv]

the story of the life of a person, written by the same person

självbiografi, memoarer

självbiografi, memoarer

Ex: The autobiography provided a unique perspective on the civil rights movement .**Autobiografin** gav ett unikt perspektiv på medborgarrättsrörelsen.
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graphic novel
[Substantiv]

a book that combines illustrations and storytelling to convey a narrative, often in a sequential art format

grafisk roman, serieroman

grafisk roman, serieroman

Ex: She discovered a graphic novel series that explores historical events .Hon upptäckte en **grafisk roman**-serie som utforskar historiska händelser.
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anthology
[Substantiv]

a collection of selected writings by various authors, often on a similar theme or subject

antologi, samling

antologi, samling

Ex: Students studied an anthology of plays by Shakespeare for their literature class .Eleverna studerade en **antologi** av Shakespeares pjäser för sin litteraturkurs.
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manuscript
[Substantiv]

a handwritten or typed document that has not yet been published or printed, often used to refer to an author's draft of a book or other literary work

manuskript, utkast

manuskript, utkast

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satirical
[adjektiv]

intending to mock, ridicule, or criticize a person, group, or society in a humorous or exaggerated way

satirisk, ironisk

satirisk, ironisk

Ex: The film used satirical elements to challenge social norms .Filmen använde **satiriska** element för att utmana sociala normer.
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excerpt
[Substantiv]

a short piece taken from a longer composition

utdrag

utdrag

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scroll
[Substantiv]

a roll of parchment, paper, or other material containing writing or images, often used for historical or religious texts

rulle, pergament

rulle, pergament

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interjection
[Substantiv]

(grammar) a phrase or word used suddenly to express a particular emotion

interjektion, utrop

interjektion, utrop

Ex: During the debate , the speaker highlighted the importance of interjection in conveying emotions in speech .Under debatten framhöll talaren vikten av **interjektion** för att förmedla känslor i tal.
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tone
[Substantiv]

the general manner or attitude of the author in a literary work

ton, tonalitet

ton, tonalitet

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canon
[Substantiv]

a recognized collection of authoritative books, texts, or works within a particular field or tradition, especially in religion

kanon

kanon

Ex: " The Great Gatsby " by F. Scott Fitzgerald is often included in the canon of American literature ."The Great Gatsby" av F. Scott Fitzgerald ingår ofta i den amerikanska litteraturens **kanon".
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protagonist
[Substantiv]

the main character in a movie, novel, TV show, etc.

huvudperson, protagonist

huvudperson, protagonist

Ex: The protagonist's quest for redemption and forgiveness forms the emotional core of the narrative , resonating with audiences on a deeply human level .**Huvudpersonens** sökande efter förlösning och förlåtelse utgör den emotionella kärnan i berättelsen, som resonerar med publiken på en djupt mänsklig nivå.
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heroine
[Substantiv]

the main female character in a story, book, film, etc., typically known for great qualities

hjältinna, kvinnlig huvudkaraktär

hjältinna, kvinnlig huvudkaraktär

Ex: The story is about a heroine who fights evil with her magical powers .Berättelsen handlar om en **hjältinna** som bekämpar ondskan med sina magiska krafter.
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the use of words and expressions that are not meant to be taken literally, but rather to create a vivid, imaginative image or effect in the reader's mind

bildspråk, figurativt språk

bildspråk, figurativt språk

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melodramatic
[adjektiv]

exaggerated or overly emotional in a theatrical or sensational way

melodramatisk, teatralisk

melodramatisk, teatralisk

Ex: The teenager 's diary entries were filled with melodramatic accounts of daily challenges and triumphs .Tonåringens dagboksanteckningar var fyllda med **melodramatiska** berättelser om dagliga utmaningar och triumfer.
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dime novel
[Substantiv]

a cheap paperback novel often featuring an adventure or melodramatic story

billig roman, äventyr- eller melodramatisk roman

billig roman, äventyr- eller melodramatisk roman

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to turn real events or situations into a tale or story, often by changing or adding to the details

fiktionalisera, romanisera

fiktionalisera, romanisera

Ex: Authors often fictionalize distant memories to explore deeper emotional truths in their writing .Författare **fiktionaliserar** ofta avlägsna minnen för att utforska djupare känslomässiga sanningar i sitt skrivande.
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backstory
[Substantiv]

the events that have happened to a character before their story in a book, movie, etc. begins

bakgrundshistoria, förflutet

bakgrundshistoria, förflutet

Ex: The video game 's immersive storyline included optional quests that allowed players to uncover hidden aspects of the protagonist 's backstory.Den immersiva berättelsen i tv-spelet inkluderade valfria uppdrag som lät spelarna upptäcka dolda aspekter av huvudpersonens **bakgrund**.
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ghostwriter
[Substantiv]

an author whose work is published under someone else's name

spökskrivare, skugga författare

spökskrivare, skugga författare

Ex: The ghostwriter's name remained confidential while the author 's name was on the cover .**Spökskrivarens** namn förblev konfidentiellt medan författarens namn stod på omslaget.
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glyph
[Substantiv]

a decorative element or symbol carved or inscribed onto a surface

glyf, dekorativ symbol

glyf, dekorativ symbol

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syntax
[Substantiv]

(linguistics) the way in which words and phrases are arranged to form grammatical sentences in a language

syntax, grammatisk struktur

syntax, grammatisk struktur

Ex: Syntax analysis helps in identifying how sentence elements like nouns , verbs , and adjectives interact within a given linguistic framework .
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dialect
[Substantiv]

the spoken form of a language specific to a certain region or people which is slightly different from the standard form in words and grammar

dialekt, mål

dialekt, mål

Ex: Linguists study dialects to better understand language variation and change , as well as the social and cultural factors that shape linguistic diversity .
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intonation
[Substantiv]

(phonetics) the rising and falling of the voice when speaking

intonation

intonation

Ex: Intonation is an important aspect of spoken language that helps listeners interpret the speaker 's attitude , mood , and intention , contributing to effective communication .**Intonation** är en viktig aspekt av talat språk som hjälper lyssnare att tolka talarens attityd, humör och avsikt, vilket bidrar till effektiv kommunikation.
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acronym
[Substantiv]

a word formed from the initial letters of a phrase, pronounced as a single word

akronym, förkortning

akronym, förkortning

Ex: The company name was created as an acronym from its founders ' initials .Företagets namn skapades som en **akronym** från dess grundares initialer.
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initialism
[Substantiv]

a type of abbreviation where the first letter of each word in a phrase or name is used to form a pronounceable acronym-like string of letters

initialord, akronym

initialord, akronym

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etymology
[Substantiv]

the study of the origins and historical developments of words and their meanings

etymologi

etymologi

Ex: The etymology of " amplify " reveals its roots in Latin " amplus , " meaning large or spacious .**Etymologin** för "amplify" avslöjar dess rötter i det latinska "amplus", vilket betyder stor eller rymlig.
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linguist
[Substantiv]

an expert in the study of language, examining its structure, development, and cultural aspects

språkvetare

språkvetare

Ex: Linguists contribute to language preservation efforts , documenting and revitalizing endangered languages .**Lingvister** bidrar till språkbevarande insatser genom att dokumentera och revitalisera hotade språk.
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mythology
[Substantiv]

a collection of ancient myths, particularly one that belongs to a group of people and their history, etc.

mytologi

mytologi

Ex: Many cultures around the world have their own mythology, which reflects their history , values , and worldview .Många kulturer runt om i världen har sin egen **mytologi**, som speglar deras historia, värderingar och världsbild.
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chimera
[Substantiv]

a mythological creature in Greek mythology, typically depicted as a fire-breathing creature with the body and head of a lion, the head of a goat protruding from its back, and a serpent for a tail

kimaira, mytologisk varelse

kimaira, mytologisk varelse

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basilisk
[Substantiv]

a legendary reptile, often depicted as having a deadly gaze or venomous breath

basilisk, legendarisk reptil

basilisk, legendarisk reptil

Ex: The ancient texts warned of the basilisk's power , advising caution to those who dared to confront it .De gamla texterna varnade för **basiliskens** kraft och rådde försiktighet till dem som vågade konfrontera den.
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burlesque
[Substantiv]

an absurd or comically exaggerated replication of a literary or dramatic work

parodi, burlesk

parodi, burlesk

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folklore
[Substantiv]

the traditional beliefs, customs, stories, and legends of a particular community, usually passed down through generations by word of mouth

folklore, folkliga traditioner

folklore, folkliga traditioner

Ex: Folklore can also evolve over time , adapting to changes in society and incorporating new influences while retaining its essential character and meaning .**Folklore** kan också utvecklas över tid, anpassa sig till förändringar i samhället och inkorporera nya influenser samtidigt som den behåller sin väsentliga karaktär och betydelse.
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custom
[Substantiv]

a way of behaving or of doing something that is widely accepted in a society or among a specific group of people

sed, tradition

sed, tradition

Ex: The custom of having afternoon tea is still popular in some parts of the UK .Sedvanan att dricka eftermiddagste är fortfarande populär i vissa delar av Storbritannien.
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lore
[Substantiv]

collective knowledge, traditions, beliefs, and stories passed down within a culture or community, typically through storytelling

kunskap, tradition

kunskap, tradition

Ex: Exploring the lore of ancient civilizations helps archaeologists understand their societal structures and religious practices .Att utforska de gamla civilisationernas **folklore** hjälper arkeologer att förstå deras samhällsstrukturer och religiösa praktiker.
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elegy
[Substantiv]

a song or poem expressing sadness, especially in the memory of a dead person or a bitter event in the past

elegi, sorgedikt

elegi, sorgedikt

Ex: Through the elegy, the poet found catharsis in expressing their grief and honoring the memory of the departed .Genom **elegin** fann poeten katarsis i att uttrycka sin sorg och hedra minnet av den bortgångne.
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heritage
[Substantiv]

an individual's religious or ethnic background that is passed down to them from their ancestors

arv

arv

Ex: She learned traditional recipes from her grandmother , preserving her culinary heritage for future generations .Hon lärde sig traditionella recept av sin mormor och bevarade därmed sitt kulinariska **arv** för framtida generationer.
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time-honored
[adjektiv]

(of traditions, practices, or customs) respected and followed for a long time because of their enduring value or significance

vördnadsvärd, traditionell

vördnadsvärd, traditionell

Ex: The library is a repository of time-honored literature that has shaped generations of readers .Biblioteket är en förvaringsplats för **ålderstigen** litteratur som har format generationer av läsare.
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subculture
[Substantiv]

a group within a larger culture that shares distinctive values, norms, and behaviors, often differing from those of the dominant culture

subkultur, undrekultur

subkultur, undrekultur

Ex: The punk subculture emerged in the 1970s as a rebellion against mainstream culture, with its distinctive music, fashion, and anti-establishment attitudes still prevalent among its followers today.Punk **subkulturen** uppstod på 1970-talet som ett uppror mot mainstreamkulturen, med dess särpräglade musik, mode och anti-establishment attityder som fortfarande är utbredda bland dess anhängare idag.
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rebirth
[Substantiv]

a renewed period of growth, popularity, or significance, particularly in cultural, artistic, or economic contexts

återfödelse, förnyelse

återfödelse, förnyelse

Ex: The economic rebirth of the neighborhood came with new businesses and community initiatives .Grannskapets ekonomiska **återfödelse** kom med nya företag och samhällsinitiativ.
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Humaniora ACT
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