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Vocabulaire Avancé pour le TOEFL - Santé Mentale et Troubles Mentaux

Ici, vous apprendrez quelques mots anglais sur la santé mentale et les troubles, tels que "kleptomanie", "BDD", "psychose", etc., qui sont nécessaires pour l'examen TOEFL.

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monomania

an excessive and unhealthy obsession with a singular subject or idea to an extent that it becomes overwhelming and harmful

monomanie

monomanie

Ex: While passion can drive success, there's a fine line before it turns into monomania, clouding judgment and balance. 

Bien que la passion puisse conduire au succès, il y a une fine ligne avant qu'elle ne se transforme en monomanie, obscurcissant le jugement et l'équilibre.

‌seasonal affective disorder

a medical condition in which one is depressed in fall and winter, particularly due to lack of sunlight

dépression saisonnière

dépression saisonnière

postpartum depression

a mental health condition causing sadness, anxiety, or low mood after a woman gives birth

dépression post-partum

dépression post-partum

Ex: Doctors can treat postpartum depression with therapy and support. 

Les médecins peuvent traiter la dépression post-partum avec une thérapie et un soutien.

anorexia

an emotional disorder in which there is a strange fear of being fat and an obsessive desire to lose weight which results in refusing to eat

anorexie

anorexie

anorexic
anorexic
[Adjectif]

having anorexia nervosa, an eating disorder characterized by extreme restriction of food intake

anorexique

anorexique

Ex: Anorexic behaviors include self-starvation and fear of gaining weight. 

Les comportements anorexiques incluent l'autoprivation alimentaire et la peur de prendre du poids.

maladjusted
maladjusted
[Adjectif]

emotionally unstable and unable to cope with the requirements of a healthy social life

inadapté

inadapté

Ex: Maladjusted individuals often find it hard to adapt to new social situations. 

Les individus inadaptés ont souvent du mal à s'adapter aux nouvelles situations sociales.

body dysmorphic disorder

a psychological disorder that causes a person to spend a lot of time thinking obsessively about the imaginary imperfections in their appearance

dysmorphophobie, trouble dysmorphique corporel

dysmorphophobie, trouble dysmorphique corporel

Ex: People with body dysmorphic disorder may spend hours each day checking their appearance in mirrors, seeking reassurance, or trying to hide their perceived imperfections. 

Les personnes atteintes de trouble dysmorphique corporel peuvent passer des heures chaque jour à vérifier leur apparence dans les miroirs, à chercher des réassurances ou à essayer de cacher leurs imperfections perçues.

megalomania

a psychological condition or personality trait characterized by an inflated sense of power, importance, or self-worth

mégalomanie

mégalomanie

Ex: Her megalomania was evident in the way she dismissed everyone else's ideas. 

Mégalomanie était évidente dans la façon dont elle rejetait les idées de tout le monde.

shock therapy

a method of treating certain mental illnesses by effecting physiological shock or by electroconvulsive therapy

électrochocs, thérapie de choc

électrochocs, thérapie de choc

psychosis

a severe mental condition in which the patient loses contact with external reality

psychosis

psychosis

Ex: Individuals experiencing psychosis may hear voices or see things that are not present, making it difficult to distinguish between what is real and what is not. 

Les individus souffrant de psychose peuvent entendre des voix ou voir des choses qui ne sont pas présentes, ce qui rend difficile la distinction entre ce qui est réel et ce qui ne l'est pas.

melancholia

a severe mental condition in which the patient suffers from depression often without any apparent reason

mélancolie

mélancolie

inferiority complex

an unrealistic feeling of general inadequacy that causes one to believe they are not as competent, smart, or attractive as other people

complexe d'infériorité

complexe d'infériorité

breakdown

a condition in which a person becomes so anxious or depressed that they can no longer handle their everyday life

dépression (nerveuse)

dépression (nerveuse)

Ex: The pressures of caregiving for her ailing parents caused her to have a mental breakdown. 

Les pressions liées à la prise en charge de ses parents malades ont provoqué chez elle une dépression nerveuse.

catatonia

a mental condition usually associated with schizophrenia in which the patient does not move for long time spans

catatonie

catatonie

pyromania

a mental condition in which one is obsessed with setting things on fire

pyromanie

pyromanie

kleptomania

a mental condition in which one is obsessed with stealing things without any financial motive

kleptomanie, cleptomanie

kleptomanie, cleptomanie

Ex: Individuals with kleptomania may experience a sense of tension or excitement before stealing and relief or gratification afterward, despite feelings of guilt or remorse. 

Les individus atteints de kleptomanie peuvent ressentir une sensation de tension ou d'excitation avant de voler et un soulagement ou une gratification par la suite, malgré des sentiments de culpabilité ou de remords.

hypochondria

a mental condition in which a person is constantly anxious and worried about their health

hypocondrie

hypocondrie

Ex: Individuals with hypochondria may constantly check their bodies for signs of illness, research medical conditions online, and seek reassurance from doctors, friends, or family members about their health. 

Les personnes atteintes d'hypocondrie peuvent constamment vérifier leur corps pour détecter des signes de maladie, rechercher des conditions médicales en ligne et chercher à se rassurer auprès de médecins, d'amis ou de membres de leur famille concernant leur santé.

neurosis

a mental condition that is not caused by organic disease in which one is constantly anxious, worried, and stressed

névrose

névrose

Ex: People with neurosis may experience excessive worry and stress over minor issues, affecting their overall quality of life. 

Les personnes souffrant de névrose peuvent éprouver une inquiétude et un stress excessifs face à des problèmes mineurs, affectant leur qualité de vie globale.

orthorexia nervosa

an eating disorder characterized by refraining from eating food that is considered unhealthy at all cost

orthorexie

orthorexie

psychotic

someone who suffers from psychosis

psychotique

psychotique

self-mutilation

the act of harming oneself by making wounds as a sign of mental illness

automutilation

automutilation

psychosomatic
psychosomatic
[Adjectif]

(of a physical illness) caused or aggravated by mental factors, such as stress and anxiety

psychosomatique

psychosomatique

manic-depressive

relating to or suffering from bipolar disorder

maniaco-dépressif

maniaco-dépressif

persecution complex

a mental condition in which a person constantly thinks others are trying to hurt them

délire de persécution

délire de persécution

psychoanalysis

a method of therapy used for mental conditions which consists of the patient opening up about their past and feelings in order to find the reason for their illness

psychanalyse

psychanalyse

Ex: The therapist recommended psychoanalysis to help him understand his recurring dreams. 

Le thérapeute a recommandé la psychanalyse pour l'aider à comprendre ses rêves récurrents.

psychiatry

the study of mental conditions and their treatment

psychiatrie

psychiatrie

attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

a condition, experienced mostly by children, making them seem restless, unable to keep focus, and act impulsively

TDAH

TDAH

psychotherapy

the treatment of mental conditions using psychology instead of drugs

psychothérapie, analyse

psychothérapie, analyse

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