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托福高级词汇 - 心理健康与障碍

在这里,你将学习一些关于心理健康和障碍的英语单词,如“偷窃癖”、“BDD”、“精神病”等,这些都是托福考试所需要的。

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Advanced Words Needed for TOEFL
monomania
[名词]

an excessive and unhealthy obsession with a singular subject or idea to an extent that it becomes overwhelming and harmful

偏执狂, 过度痴迷

偏执狂, 过度痴迷

Ex: The novelist , known for his deep dives into subjects , was sometimes criticized for his apparent monomania on specific themes .这位以深入探讨主题而闻名的小说家,有时会因其对特定主题的明显**偏执**而受到批评。
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a medical condition in which one is depressed in fall and winter, particularly due to lack of sunlight

季节性情感障碍, 季节性抑郁症

季节性情感障碍, 季节性抑郁症

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a mental condition in which a woman is depressed and anxious for a period of time after giving birth to a child

产后抑郁症

产后抑郁症

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anorexia
[名词]

an emotional disorder in which there is a strange fear of being fat and an obsessive desire to lose weight which results in refusing to eat

厌食症, 神经性厌食症

厌食症, 神经性厌食症

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anorexic
[形容词]

involving or suffering from anorexia

厌食的, 患有厌食症的

厌食的, 患有厌食症的

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maladjusted
[形容词]

emotionally unstable and unable to cope with the requirements of a healthy social life

Ex: Her maladjusted behavior made it difficult for her to maintain stable relationships .
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a psychological disorder that causes a person to spend a lot of time thinking obsessively about the imaginary imperfections in their appearance

身体畸形恐惧症, 躯体变形障碍

身体畸形恐惧症, 躯体变形障碍

Ex: Early diagnosis and treatment of body dysmorphic disorder are essential to prevent the condition from severely impacting an individual 's quality of life and mental health .早期诊断和治疗**身体畸形障碍**对于防止该病症严重影响个人的生活质量和心理健康至关重要。
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megalomania
[名词]

a mental condition in which a person believes themselves to be more powerful and important than they actually are

妄自尊大, 夸大狂

妄自尊大, 夸大狂

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a method of treating certain mental illnesses by effecting physiological shock or by electroconvulsive therapy

休克疗法, 电休克疗法

休克疗法, 电休克疗法

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psychosis
[名词]

a severe mental condition in which the patient loses contact with external reality

精神病, 精神病状态

精神病, 精神病状态

Ex: Psychosis can be a symptom of various mental health disorders , including schizophrenia , bipolar disorder , and severe depression .**精神病**可能是各种心理健康障碍的症状,包括精神分裂症、双相情感障碍和严重抑郁症。
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melancholia
[名词]

a severe mental condition in which the patient suffers from depression often without any apparent reason

忧郁症

忧郁症

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an unrealistic feeling of general inadequacy that causes one to believe they are not as competent, smart, or attractive as other people

自卑情结, 自卑感

自卑情结, 自卑感

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breakdown
[名词]

a condition in which a person becomes so anxious or depressed that they can no longer handle their everyday life

精神崩溃, 神经衰弱

精神崩溃, 神经衰弱

Ex: The intense academic pressure during finals week caused several students to suffer breakdowns.期末考试周期间强烈的学术压力导致几名学生遭受**精神崩溃**。
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catatonia
[名词]

a mental condition usually associated with schizophrenia in which the patient does not move for long time spans

紧张症, 紧张状态

紧张症, 紧张状态

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pyromania
[名词]

a mental condition in which one is obsessed with setting things on fire

纵火狂, 对放火的痴迷

纵火狂, 对放火的痴迷

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kleptomania
[名词]

a mental condition in which one is obsessed with stealing things without any financial motive

偷窃癖, 盗窃狂

偷窃癖, 盗窃狂

Ex: Support from mental health professionals and support groups can be valuable for individuals with kleptomania in learning coping strategies and preventing relapse into stealing behaviors .来自心理健康专业人士和支持团体的支持对于患有**偷窃癖**的个人学习应对策略和防止再次出现偷窃行为非常有价值。
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hypochondria
[名词]

a mental condition in which a person is constantly anxious and worried about their health

疑病症, 健康焦虑

疑病症, 健康焦虑

Ex: Support from mental health professionals , as well as education about the nature of hypochondria and its treatment options , can help individuals with this condition manage their symptoms and improve their quality of life .心理健康专业人士的支持,以及关于**疑病症**本质及其治疗方案的教育,可以帮助患有这种病症的人管理他们的症状并提高他们的生活质量。
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neurosis
[名词]

a mental condition that is not caused by organic disease in which one is constantly anxious, worried, and stressed

神经症, 神经官能症

神经症, 神经官能症

Ex: Symptoms of neurosis can include persistent feelings of sadness , irritability , and fear , often without a clear or rational cause .**神经症**的症状可能包括持续的悲伤、易怒和恐惧感,通常没有明确或合理的原因。
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an eating disorder characterized by refraining from eating food that is considered unhealthy at all cost

健康饮食强迫症, 神经性健康饮食症

健康饮食强迫症, 神经性健康饮食症

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psychotic
[名词]

someone who suffers from psychosis

精神病患者, 患有精神病的人

精神病患者, 患有精神病的人

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the act of harming oneself by making wounds as a sign of mental illness

自残, 自我伤害

自残, 自我伤害

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psychosomatic
[形容词]

(of a physical illness) caused or aggravated by mental factors, such as stress and anxiety

身心上的, 由心理因素引起的

身心上的, 由心理因素引起的

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manic-depressive
[形容词]

relating to or suffering from bipolar disorder

躁郁的, 双相的

躁郁的, 双相的

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a mental condition in which a person constantly thinks others are trying to hurt them

被迫害情结, 被害妄想

被迫害情结, 被害妄想

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a method of therapy used for mental conditions which consists of the patient opening up about their past and feelings in order to find the reason for their illness

精神分析, 精神分析疗法

精神分析, 精神分析疗法

Ex: Psychoanalysis often involves discussing childhood experiences to uncover underlying issues .**精神分析**通常涉及讨论童年经历以揭示潜在问题。
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psychiatry
[名词]

the study of mental conditions and their treatment

精神病学

精神病学

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a condition, experienced mostly by children, making them seem restless, unable to keep focus, and act impulsively

注意力缺陷多动障碍, ADHD

注意力缺陷多动障碍, ADHD

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the treatment of mental conditions using psychology instead of drugs

心理治疗, 心理疗法

心理治疗, 心理疗法

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托福高级词汇
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