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Продвинутый Словарный Запас для TOEFL - Психическое здоровье и расстройства

Здесь вы выучите некоторые английские слова о психическом здоровье и расстройствах, такие как "клептомания", "BDD", "психоз" и т.д., которые необходимы для экзамена TOEFL.

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Advanced Words Needed for TOEFL
monomania
monomania
[существительное]

an excessive and unhealthy obsession with a singular subject or idea to an extent that it becomes overwhelming and harmful

мономания

мономания

Ex: His friends grew concerned when his love for vintage cars evolved into a clear monomania, causing him to neglect other aspects of his life. 
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‌seasonal affective disorder
‌seasonal affective disorder
[существительное]

a medical condition in which one is depressed in fall and winter, particularly due to lack of sunlight

сезонное аффективное расстройство

сезонное аффективное расстройство

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postpartum depression
postpartum depression
[существительное]

a mental health condition causing sadness, anxiety, or low mood after a woman gives birth

послеродовая депрессия

послеродовая депрессия

Ex: She sought help for postpartum depression after her baby was born. 
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anorexia
anorexia
[существительное]

an emotional disorder in which there is a strange fear of being fat and an obsessive desire to lose weight which results in refusing to eat

анорексия, отсутствие аппетита

анорексия, отсутствие аппетита

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anorexic
anorexic
[прилагательное]

having anorexia nervosa, an eating disorder characterized by extreme restriction of food intake

анорексичный

анорексичный

Ex: The patient was severely anorexic and required hospitalization. 
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maladjusted
maladjusted
[прилагательное]

emotionally unstable and unable to cope with the requirements of a healthy social life

неадаптированный

неадаптированный

Ex: The maladjusted student struggled to fit in with his peers at school. 
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body dysmorphic disorder
body dysmorphic disorder
[существительное]

a psychological disorder that causes a person to spend a lot of time thinking obsessively about the imaginary imperfections in their appearance

Дисморфическое расстройство тела

Дисморфическое расстройство тела

Ex: Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is a mental health condition where individuals obsess over perceived flaws in their appearance, which are often unnoticeable to others. 
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megalomania
megalomania
[существительное]

a psychological condition or personality trait characterized by an inflated sense of power, importance, or self-worth

мания величия

мания величия

Ex: The dictator's megalomania led him to believe he was destined to rule the world. 
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shock therapy
shock therapy
[существительное]

a method of treating certain mental illnesses by effecting physiological shock or by electroconvulsive therapy

шокотерапия, электрошоковой терапии

шокотерапия, электрошоковой терапии

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psychosis
psychosis
[существительное]

a severe mental condition in which the patient loses contact with external reality

психоз

психоз

Ex: Psychosis is a mental health condition characterized by a loss of contact with reality, often manifesting as hallucinations or delusions. 
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melancholia
melancholia
[существительное]

a severe mental condition in which the patient suffers from depression often without any apparent reason

меланхолия

меланхолия

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inferiority complex
inferiority complex
[существительное]

an unrealistic feeling of general inadequacy that causes one to believe they are not as competent, smart, or attractive as other people

комплекс неполноценности

комплекс неполноценности

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breakdown
breakdown
[существительное]

a condition in which a person becomes so anxious or depressed that they can no longer handle their everyday life

нервный срыв

нервный срыв

Ex: After months of stress at work, he experienced a nervous breakdown and had to take a leave of absence. 
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catatonia
catatonia
[существительное]

a mental condition usually associated with schizophrenia in which the patient does not move for long time spans

кататония

кататония

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pyromania
pyromania
[существительное]

a mental condition in which one is obsessed with setting things on fire

пиромания

пиромания

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kleptomania
kleptomania
[существительное]

a mental condition in which one is obsessed with stealing things without any financial motive

клептомания

клептомания

Ex: Kleptomania is a mental health disorder characterized by a recurrent urge to steal items that are not needed for personal use or monetary gain. 
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hypochondria
hypochondria
[существительное]

a mental condition in which a person is constantly anxious and worried about their health

ипохондрия

ипохондрия

Ex: Hypochondria, also known as illness anxiety disorder, is a mental health condition characterized by excessive worry and fear about having a serious medical illness, despite no or minimal evidence of actual illness. 
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neurosis
neurosis
[существительное]

a mental condition that is not caused by organic disease in which one is constantly anxious, worried, and stressed

невроз

невроз

Ex: Neurosis often manifests as chronic anxiety, obsessive behaviors, or phobias that interfere with daily functioning. 
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orthorexia nervosa
orthorexia nervosa
[существительное]

an eating disorder characterized by refraining from eating food that is considered unhealthy at all cost

нервная орторексия

нервная орторексия

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psychotic
psychotic
[существительное]

someone who suffers from psychosis

психоз

психоз

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self-mutilation
self-mutilation
[существительное]

the act of harming oneself by making wounds as a sign of mental illness

членовредительство

членовредительство

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psychosomatic
psychosomatic
[прилагательное]

(of a physical illness) caused or aggravated by mental factors, such as stress and anxiety

психосоматический

психосоматический

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manic-depressive
manic-depressive
[прилагательное]

relating to or suffering from bipolar disorder

маниакально-депрессивный

маниакально-депрессивный

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persecution complex
persecution complex
[существительное]

a mental condition in which a person constantly thinks others are trying to hurt them

мания преследования

мания преследования

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psychoanalysis
psychoanalysis
[существительное]

a method of therapy used for mental conditions which consists of the patient opening up about their past and feelings in order to find the reason for their illness

психоанализ

психоанализ

Ex: She began psychoanalysis to explore the roots of her long-standing anxiety. 
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psychiatry
psychiatry
[существительное]

the study of mental conditions and their treatment

психиатрия

психиатрия

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attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
[существительное]

a condition, experienced mostly by children, making them seem restless, unable to keep focus, and act impulsively

СДВГ

СДВГ

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psychotherapy
psychotherapy
[существительное]

the treatment of mental conditions using psychology instead of drugs

психотерапия

психотерапия

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