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Vocabulario Avanzado para el TOEFL - Trastornos y Salud Mental

Aquí aprenderás algunas palabras en inglés sobre trastornos y salud mental, como "kleptomania", "BDD", "psychosis", etc. que se necesitan para el examen TOEFL.

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Advanced Words Needed for TOEFL
monomania
monomania
[Sustantivo]

an excessive and unhealthy obsession with a singular subject or idea to an extent that it becomes overwhelming and harmful

monomanía

monomanía

Ex: His friends grew concerned when his love for vintage cars evolved into a clear monomania, causing him to neglect other aspects of his life. 
‌seasonal affective disorder

a medical condition in which one is depressed in fall and winter, particularly due to lack of sunlight

trastorno afectivo estacional

trastorno afectivo estacional

postpartum depression

a mental health condition causing sadness, anxiety, or low mood after a woman gives birth

depresión posparto

depresión posparto

Ex: She sought help for postpartum depression after her baby was born. 
anorexia
anorexia
[Sustantivo]

an emotional disorder in which there is a strange fear of being fat and an obsessive desire to lose weight which results in refusing to eat

anorexia nerviosa

anorexia nerviosa

anorexic
anorexic
[Adjetivo]

having anorexia nervosa, an eating disorder characterized by extreme restriction of food intake

anoréxico

anoréxico

Ex: The patient was severely anorexic and required hospitalization. 
maladjusted
maladjusted
[Adjetivo]

emotionally unstable and unable to cope with the requirements of a healthy social life

inadaptado

inadaptado

Ex: The maladjusted student struggled to fit in with his peers at school. 
body dysmorphic disorder

a psychological disorder that causes a person to spend a lot of time thinking obsessively about the imaginary imperfections in their appearance

TDC

TDC

Ex: Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is a mental health condition where individuals obsess over perceived flaws in their appearance, which are often unnoticeable to others. 
megalomania
megalomania
[Sustantivo]

a psychological condition or personality trait characterized by an inflated sense of power, importance, or self-worth

megalomanía

megalomanía

Ex: The dictator's megalomania led him to believe he was destined to rule the world. 
shock therapy
shock therapy
[Sustantivo]

a method of treating certain mental illnesses by effecting physiological shock or by electroconvulsive therapy

terapia de choque

terapia de choque

psychosis
psychosis
[Sustantivo]

a severe mental condition in which the patient loses contact with external reality

psicosis

psicosis

Ex: Psychosis is a mental health condition characterized by a loss of contact with reality, often manifesting as hallucinations or delusions. 
melancholia
melancholia
[Sustantivo]

a severe mental condition in which the patient suffers from depression often without any apparent reason

melancolía

melancolía

inferiority complex

an unrealistic feeling of general inadequacy that causes one to believe they are not as competent, smart, or attractive as other people

complejo de inferioridad

complejo de inferioridad

breakdown
breakdown
[Sustantivo]

a condition in which a person becomes so anxious or depressed that they can no longer handle their everyday life

crisis nerviosa

crisis nerviosa

Ex: After months of stress at work, he experienced a nervous breakdown and had to take a leave of absence. 
catatonia
catatonia
[Sustantivo]

a mental condition usually associated with schizophrenia in which the patient does not move for long time spans

catatonia

catatonia

pyromania
pyromania
[Sustantivo]

a mental condition in which one is obsessed with setting things on fire

piromanía

piromanía

kleptomania
kleptomania
[Sustantivo]

a mental condition in which one is obsessed with stealing things without any financial motive

cleptomanía

cleptomanía

Ex: Kleptomania is a mental health disorder characterized by a recurrent urge to steal items that are not needed for personal use or monetary gain. 
hypochondria
hypochondria
[Sustantivo]

a mental condition in which a person is constantly anxious and worried about their health

hipocondría

hipocondría

Ex: Hypochondria, also known as illness anxiety disorder, is a mental health condition characterized by excessive worry and fear about having a serious medical illness, despite no or minimal evidence of actual illness. 
neurosis
neurosis
[Sustantivo]

a mental condition that is not caused by organic disease in which one is constantly anxious, worried, and stressed

neurosis

neurosis

Ex: Neurosis often manifests as chronic anxiety, obsessive behaviors, or phobias that interfere with daily functioning. 
orthorexia nervosa
orthorexia nervosa
[Sustantivo]

an eating disorder characterized by refraining from eating food that is considered unhealthy at all cost

ortorexia, ortorexia nerviosa

ortorexia, ortorexia nerviosa

psychotic
psychotic
[Sustantivo]

someone who suffers from psychosis

psicótico

psicótico

self-mutilation
self-mutilation
[Sustantivo]

the act of harming oneself by making wounds as a sign of mental illness

automutilación

automutilación

psychosomatic
psychosomatic
[Adjetivo]

(of a physical illness) caused or aggravated by mental factors, such as stress and anxiety

psicosomático

psicosomático

manic-depressive

relating to or suffering from bipolar disorder

maníaco-depresivo

maníaco-depresivo

persecution complex

a mental condition in which a person constantly thinks others are trying to hurt them

delirio de persecución

delirio de persecución

psychoanalysis
psychoanalysis
[Sustantivo]

a method of therapy used for mental conditions which consists of the patient opening up about their past and feelings in order to find the reason for their illness

psicoanálisis, sicoanálisis

psicoanálisis, sicoanálisis

Ex: She began psychoanalysis to explore the roots of her long-standing anxiety. 
psychiatry
psychiatry
[Sustantivo]

the study of mental conditions and their treatment

psiquiatría, siquiatría

psiquiatría, siquiatría

attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

a condition, experienced mostly by children, making them seem restless, unable to keep focus, and act impulsively

TDAH

TDAH

psychotherapy
psychotherapy
[Sustantivo]

the treatment of mental conditions using psychology instead of drugs

psicoterapia

psicoterapia

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