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Vocabulario Avanzado para el TOEFL - Trastornos y Salud Mental

Aquí aprenderás algunas palabras en inglés sobre trastornos y salud mental, como "kleptomania", "BDD", "psychosis", etc. que se necesitan para el examen TOEFL.

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Advanced Words Needed for TOEFL
monomania
[Sustantivo]

an excessive and unhealthy obsession with a singular subject or idea to an extent that it becomes overwhelming and harmful

monomanía

monomanía

Ex: The novelist , known for his deep dives into subjects , was sometimes criticized for his monomania on specific themes .

a medical condition in which one is depressed in fall and winter, particularly due to lack of sunlight

trastorno afectivo estacional

trastorno afectivo estacional

a mental condition in which a woman is depressed and anxious for a period of time after giving birth to a child

depresión posparto

depresión posparto

anorexia
[Sustantivo]

an emotional disorder in which there is a strange fear of being fat and an obsessive desire to lose weight which results in refusing to eat

anorexia nerviosa

anorexia nerviosa

anorexic
[Adjetivo]

involving or suffering from anorexia

anoréxico

anoréxico

maladjusted
[Adjetivo]

characterized by being emotionally unstable and incapable of coping with the demands of a normal social environment

inadaptado

inadaptado

Ex: maladjusted behavior made it difficult for her to maintain stable relationships .

a psychological disorder that causes a person to spend a lot of time thinking obsessively about the imaginary imperfections in their appearance

TDC

TDC

Ex: Early diagnosis and treatment body dysmorphic disorder are essential to prevent the condition from severely impacting an individual 's quality of life and mental health .
megalomania
[Sustantivo]

a mental condition in which a person believes themselves to be more powerful and important than they actually are

megalomanía

megalomanía

shock therapy
[Sustantivo]

a method of treating certain mental illnesses by effecting physiological shock or by electroconvulsive therapy

terapia de choque

terapia de choque

psychosis
[Sustantivo]

a severe mental condition in which the patient loses contact with external reality

psicosis

psicosis

Ex: Psychosis can be a symptom of various mental health disorders , including schizophrenia , bipolar disorder , and severe depression .
melancholia
[Sustantivo]

a severe mental condition in which the patient suffers from depression often without any apparent reason

melancolía

melancolía

an unrealistic feeling of general inadequacy that causes one to believe they are not as competent, smart, or attractive as other people

complejo de inferioridad

complejo de inferioridad

breakdown
[Sustantivo]

a condition in which a person becomes so anxious or depressed that they can no longer handle their everyday life

crisis nerviosa

crisis nerviosa

Ex: The intense academic pressure during finals week caused several students to breakdowns.
catatonia
[Sustantivo]

a mental condition usually associated with schizophrenia in which the patient does not move for long time spans

catatonia

catatonia

pyromania
[Sustantivo]

a mental condition in which one is obsessed with setting things on fire

piromanía

piromanía

kleptomania
[Sustantivo]

a mental condition in which one is obsessed with stealing things without any financial motive

cleptomanía

cleptomanía

Ex: Support from mental health professionals and support groups can be valuable for individuals kleptomania in learning coping strategies and preventing relapse into stealing behaviors .
hypochondria
[Sustantivo]

a mental condition in which a person is constantly anxious and worried about their health

hipocondría

hipocondría

Ex: Support from mental health professionals , as well as education about the nature hypochondria and its treatment options , can help individuals with this condition manage their symptoms and improve their quality of life .
neurosis
[Sustantivo]

a mental condition that is not caused by organic disease in which one is constantly anxious, worried, and stressed

neurosis

neurosis

Ex: Symptoms neurosis can include persistent feelings of sadness , irritability , and fear , often without a clear or rational cause .
orthorexia nervosa
[Sustantivo]

an eating disorder characterized by refraining from eating food that is considered unhealthy at all cost

ortorexia, ortorexia nerviosa

ortorexia, ortorexia nerviosa

psychotic
[Sustantivo]

someone who suffers from psychosis

psicótico

psicótico

self-mutilation
[Sustantivo]

the act of harming oneself by making wounds as a sign of mental illness

automutilación

automutilación

psychosomatic
[Adjetivo]

(of a physical illness) caused or aggravated by mental factors, such as stress and anxiety

psicosomático

psicosomático

relating to or suffering from bipolar disorder

maníaco-depresivo

maníaco-depresivo

a mental condition in which a person constantly thinks others are trying to hurt them

delirio de persecución

delirio de persecución

psychoanalysis
[Sustantivo]

a method of therapy used for mental conditions which consists of the patient opening up about their past and feelings in order to find the reason for their illness

psicoanálisis, sicoanálisis

psicoanálisis, sicoanálisis

Ex: Psychoanalysis often involves discussing childhood experiences to uncover underlying issues .
psychiatry
[Sustantivo]

the study of mental conditions and their treatment

psiquiatría, siquiatría

psiquiatría, siquiatría

a condition, experienced mostly by children, making them seem restless, unable to keep focus, and act impulsively

TDAH

TDAH

psychotherapy
[Sustantivo]

the treatment of mental conditions using psychology instead of drugs

psicoterapia

psicoterapia

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