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Cambridge IELTS 15 - Académique - Test 3 - Lecture - Passage 2

Apprenez le vocabulaire du Cambridge IELTS 15 Academic, Test 3, Reading Passage 2, et révisez les mots et expressions utiles de ce texte de lecture.

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Cambridge IELTS 15 - Academic
initial
initial
[Adjectif]

related to the beginning of a series or process

initial

initial

Ex: The initial reaction to the news was one of shock and disbelief. 
alternative

any of the available possibilities that one can choose from

choix, possibilité

choix, possibilité

Ex: The teacher gave us two alternatives for the final project: a presentation or a research paper. 
solar
solar
[Adjectif]

related to the sun

solaire

solaire

Ex: Many homes now use solar water heaters to reduce energy bills. 

De nombreuses maisons utilisent désormais des chauffe-eau solaires pour réduire les factures d'énergie.

heating system

utility to warm a building

système de chauffage, installation de chauffage

système de chauffage, installation de chauffage

plate
plate
[nom]

a flat, thin sheet made of metal, wood, glass, or plastic, often used for structural, decorative, or functional purposes

plaque, plateau

plaque, plateau

Ex: The metal plate reinforced the door for added security. 
niche market

a specific, targeted segment of the market focused on a particular product or service for a specific group of people

marché de niche, niche de marché

marché de niche, niche de marché

Ex: A niche market can offer less competition but requires careful research. 

Un marché de niche peut offrir moins de concurrence mais nécessite une recherche minutieuse.

tap water

water that comes out of a faucet or a tap, usually treated to be safe for drinking and cooking

eau du robinet, eau de ville

eau du robinet, eau de ville

Ex: The taste of tap water varies depending on the local water supply. 

Le goût de l'eau du robinet varie en fonction de l'approvisionnement local en eau.

venture
venture
[nom]

a business activity that is mostly very risky

entreprise risquée, entreprise hasardeuse, aventure

entreprise risquée, entreprise hasardeuse, aventure

Ex: The venture into international markets proved challenging. 
to hook up
to hook up
[verbe]

to link or connect someone or something to another device or system

brancher, connecter

brancher, connecter

Ex: After the surgery, the patient was hooked up to a heart monitor to closely monitor their vital signs. 

Après l'opération, le patient a été branché à un moniteur cardiaque pour surveiller de près ses signes vitaux.

to come in
to come in
[verbe]

to become accessible

arriver, devenir accessible

arriver, devenir accessible

Ex: The concert tickets for the popular band's tour will come in for sale online tomorrow morning. 

Les billets de concert pour la tournée du groupe populaire seront disponibles en ligne demain matin.

domestic
domestic
[Adjectif]

relating to or belonging to the home, household, or family life

domestique

domestique

Ex: Domestic life suited him more than a busy career. 
portable
portable
[Adjectif]

easily carried or moved from one place to another

portable, transportable

portable, transportable

Ex: She packed her portable charger to keep her phone powered during the trip. 
to purify
to purify
[verbe]

to clean and improve the quality of a substance by removing impurities and increasing its concentration

purifier, épurer

purifier, épurer

Ex: Distilleries use various methods to purify alcohol and achieve a higher concentration. 

Les distilleries utilisent diverses méthodes pour purifier l'alcool et atteindre une concentration plus élevée.

mobile
mobile
[Adjectif]

able to move or be moved easily from one place to another

mobile

mobile

Ex: The shelves are mounted on wheels so they remain mobile. 
desalination

the removal of salt (especially from sea water)

désalinisation, dessalement

désalinisation, dessalement

reserve
reserve
[nom]

a supply of something stored for future need or contingency

réserve,  réserve de précaution

réserve, réserve de précaution

Ex: She set aside a reserve of supplies for the emergency response team. 
sustainable
sustainable
[Adjectif]

able to continue for a long period of time

durable

durable

Ex: His hectic work schedule was not sustainable, leading to exhaustion and decreased productivity. 

Son emploi du temps chargé n'était pas durable, ce qui a entraîné épuisement et baisse de productivité.

developing country

a country that is seeking industrial development and is moving away from an economic system that is based mainly on agriculture

pays en voie de développement

pays en voie de développement

Ex: Education reform is crucial for the future growth of any developing country. 

La réforme de l'éducation est cruciale pour la croissance future de tout pays en développement.

developed country

a nation with a high level of industrialization, a strong economy, and a high standard of living for its people

pays développé, nation industrialisée

pays développé, nation industrialisée

Ex: Most developed countries have a well-developed transportation network. 

La plupart des pays développés ont un réseau de transport bien développé.

large-scale
large-scale
[Adjectif]

involving a significant numbers of people or a vast area

à grande échelle, de grande envergure

à grande échelle, de grande envergure

Ex: Large-scale construction projects often require significant time and resources. 

Les projets de construction à grande échelle nécessitent souvent un temps et des ressources considérables.

carbon footprint

the amount of carbon dioxide that an organization or person releases into the atmosphere

empreinte carbone

empreinte carbone

Ex: Driving electric cars can help lower your carbon footprint. 

Conduire des voitures électriques peut aider à réduire votre empreinte carbone.

drinking water

water that is safe to drink or use for food preparation, meeting government health standards for potability

eau potable, eau de boisson

eau potable, eau de boisson

to sustain
to sustain
[verbe]

to provide someone or something with enough food, resources, or support to remain alive or continue to exist

soutenir, subvenir

soutenir, subvenir

Ex: A small amount of food sustained them during the journey. 
selling point

a characteristic of something that is up for sale that makes it attractive to potential customers

argument de vente, atout commercial

argument de vente, atout commercial

solar panel

a piece of equipment, usually placed on a roof, that absorbs the energy of sun and uses it to produce electricity or heat

panneau solaire

panneau solaire

Ex: They decided to invest in solar panels to cut down on their electricity bill. 

Ils ont décidé d'investir dans des panneaux solaires pour réduire leur facture d'électricité.

boiler
boiler
[nom]

a closed vessel in which water is heated to create steam or hot water, used for heating buildings, producing electricity, or powering machines

chaudière, générateur de vapeur

chaudière, générateur de vapeur

Ex: The hotel upgraded its boiler system to improve energy efficiency. 

L'hôtel a modernisé son système de chaudière pour améliorer l'efficacité énergétique.

to trap
to trap
[verbe]

to stop or hold something in place, preventing it from moving

piéger, emprisonner

piéger, emprisonner

Ex: The tall trees trap the sunlight, casting shadows on the ground. 
particle

an extremely small unit of matter or radiation treated as a discrete entity in physics

particule

particule

Ex: An electron is a negatively charged particle. 
distilled water

water that has been boiled, collected as vapor, and then condensed back into a liquid to remove impurities and dissolved substances

eau distillée

eau distillée

diesel
diesel
[nom]

a petroleum-based fuel used in compression-ignition engines

gazole,  diesel

gazole, diesel

Ex: The farm uses thousands of gallons of diesel each year. 
homeowner

a person who owns and usually resides in a house or property

propriétaire

propriétaire

self-sufficient
self-sufficient
[Adjectif]

capable of providing everything that one needs, particularly food, without any help from others

autosuffisant,  autonome

autosuffisant, autonome

Ex: Learning basic cooking skills can help people become more self-sufficient and less reliant on takeout. 

Apprendre les compétences de base en cuisine peut aider les gens à devenir plus autonomes et moins dépendants des plats à emporter.

twofold
twofold
[Adjectif]

double in size, amount, or degree

double, dupliqué

double, dupliqué

Ex: The twofold expansion of the company's operations required additional staff. 

L'expansion double des opérations de l'entreprise a nécessité un personnel supplémentaire.

outright
outright
[Adverbe]

in a total and complete manner

complètement, totalement

complètement, totalement

Ex: The storm destroyed the house outright, leaving nothing standing. 

La tempête a complètement détruit la maison, ne laissant rien debout.

to lease
to lease
[verbe]

to allow someone to use or occupy property for a specified period of time in exchange for payment, as defined by a contract

louer

louer

Ex: The school district leases the building for use as a community center after hours. 
to envision

to picture something in one's mind

imaginer, envisager

imaginer, envisager

Ex: As she closed her eyes, she tried to envision the serene beaches she hoped to visit on vacation. 

Alors qu'elle fermait les yeux, elle essaya d'imaginer les plages sereines qu'elle espérait visiter pendant les vacances.

application

the act of utilizing something effectively for a specific purpose or task

application, utilité, fonction

application, utilité, fonction

Ex: His skills found practical application in the project. 
humanitarian
humanitarian
[Adjectif]

showing concern for the well-being of people and acting to improve human welfare

humanitaire

humanitaire

Ex: The organization launched a humanitarian aid campaign. 

L'organisation a lancé une campagne d'aide humanitaire.

sunlight

natural light that comes from the sun

lumière du soleil, lumière naturelle

lumière du soleil, lumière naturelle

Ex: These plants need plenty of sunlight to grow. 
to feed
to feed
[verbe]

to provide or supply something with the necessary material, resources, or energy to function

alimenter, nourrir

alimenter, nourrir

Ex: The generator fed the building with power during the blackout. 
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