Vocabulaire Essentiel pour le GRE - La Géographie

a large collection of islands or the sea surrounding them

archipel

an area of land that is covered with water or is always very wet

marais, marécage

a lake, either natural or artificial, from which water is supplied to houses

réservoir

a steep cliff or edge of a rock face, often with a significant drop

précipice

a large body of land that is partially surrounded by water but is attached to a larger area of land

péninsule

the highest point or summit of a mountain

sommet, pointe

a small, natural watercourse or stream; typically characterized by a gentle and continuous flow

ruisseau

a layer of matter that has been accumulated, particularly by a body of water

gisement

regarding conditions situated near the earth's equator; marked by warm temperatures and relatively equal day and night lengths throughout the year

équatorial, équatoriel

relating to a large mass of compressed ice like those near the poles or on mountains

glaciaire

an open and high land covered with grass, bushes and heather

landes, plaine

an area of land, particularly in reference to its physical or natural features

terrain

a structure built along the water's edge; often with a platform for ships to load and unload goods

quai, môle

a low-lying piece of land between hills or mountains, often with a river flowing through it

vallée, val

(of land or a climate) very dry because of not having enough or any rain

aride

a small steep waterfall, usually one of several others

cascade

a natural or man-made structure built along a river or waterway to prevent flooding by confining the water within its boundaries

digue, levée

the upper layer of trees in a forest that creates a dense cover with interlocking leaves; offering shade and shelter in the ecosystem

canopée, couverture de feuillage

communities of plant life native to a specific area or period

flore

a plant or tree's branches and leaves collectively

feuillage

a plant-like organism that often grows on organic matter and has no flowers or leaves, such as moulds and mushrooms

champignon

(of plants) lasting for several years, often returning and flowering repeatedly during its life cycle

vivace, plurianuelle

to deposit pollen on a plant or flower so that it can produce new seeds or fruit

polliniser

a small and young tree

jeune arbre

a new growth on a tree or plant or the part of a plant that starts to appear above the ground because it is growing

pousse

(of a seed or plant) to begin growing

germer

(of an object) able to be broken down by living organisms such as bacteria, which is then safe for the environment

biodégradable

to make a place, substance, etc. dirty or harmful by adding dangerous material

contaminer

related to the connection between animals, plants, and humans and their environment

écologique

liquid waste or sewage discharged into rivers, lakes, or the sea

effluent

(of a vehicle) not producing gases harmful to the environment

émission zéro

in relation to activities that minimize disruption to ecosystems; emphasizing sustainability and reduced ecological footprint

à faible impact, à impact réduit

a small amount of rain, snow, etc. that moves in a quick and stormy way and lasts only for a short period of time

bourrasque

a very powerful wind

coup de vent, grand vent

the line where the sky and earth seem to come in contact with each other

horizon

a period in the summer during which wind blows and rain falls in India or other hot South Asian countries

mousson

a period during which the weather becomes warmer causing snow and ice to melt

dégel

having the capacity to be used to grow crops

arable, cultivable

(agriculture) the deliberate and systematic act of nurturing of plants, crops, or skills; often involving careful attention, development, and improvement

culture, cultivation