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Vocabulaire pour l'IELTS Academic (Score 5) - Architecture

Ici, vous apprendrez quelques mots anglais liés à l'Architecture qui sont nécessaires pour l'examen IELTS Academic de base.

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Vocabulary for IELTS Academic (Band 5)
blueprint

a detailed technical or architectural plan showing dimensions, materials, and specifications for construction or production

plan, bleu

plan, bleu

Ex: The engineers reviewed the blueprint before starting the bridge construction. 

Les ingénieurs ont examiné le plan avant de commencer la construction du pont.

structure

anything that is built from several parts, such as a house, bridge, etc.

immeuble, bâtiment

immeuble, bâtiment

Ex: Engineers design the structure of skyscrapers to withstand wind and seismic forces. 

Les ingénieurs conçoivent la structure des gratte-ciel pour résister aux forces du vent et sismiques.

plan
plan
[nom]

a drawing of a building, city, etc. that shows its position, size, or shape in details

plan, schéma

plan, schéma

Ex: The city planners reviewed the plan of the new park to ensure it met all requirements. 

Les urbanistes ont examiné le plan du nouveau parc pour s'assurer qu'il répondait à toutes les exigences.

foundation

a hard layer of cement, stone, etc. that serves as the underground support of a building

fondations

fondations

Ex: The historic lighthouse stood firm atop its rocky foundation, weathering centuries of storms. 
material

a substance from which things can be made

matière

matière

Ex: Wood is a versatile material used in construction, furniture making, and crafting. 

Le bois est un matériau polyvalent utilisé dans la construction, la fabrication de meubles et l'artisanat.

ceiling
ceiling
[nom]

the highest part of a room, vehicle, etc. that covers it from the inside

plafond

plafond

Ex: He installed soundproofing material on the ceiling to reduce noise from the floor above. 

Il a installé un matériau insonorisant sur le plafond pour réduire le bruit provenant de l'étage supérieur.

roof
roof
[nom]

the structure that creates the outer top part of a vehicle, building, etc.

toit

toit

Ex: She climbed onto the roof to enjoy the view from above. 

Elle est montée sur le toit pour profiter de la vue d'en haut.

exit
exit
[nom]

a way that enables someone to get out of a room, building, or a vehicle of large capacity

sortie

sortie

Ex: The movie theater had multiple exits to ensure that everyone could leave safely after the show. 

Le cinéma avait plusieurs sorties pour s'assurer que tout le monde pouvait partir en sécurité après le spectacle.

staircase

a set of stairs inside a building including its surrounding side parts that one can hold on to

escalier

escalier

Ex: She walked up the staircase slowly. 

Elle monta l'escalier lentement.

hallway
hallway
[nom]

a space inside a building entrance, which connects to the other rooms

couloir, vestibule

couloir, vestibule

Ex: The hallway was so narrow that two people couldn't walk side by side. 

Le couloir était si étroit que deux personnes ne pouvaient pas marcher côte à côte.

tower
tower
[nom]

a tall and often narrow building that stands alone or is part of a castle, church, or other larger buildings

tour

tour

Ex: A tall tower stood at the center of the medieval castle. 

Une haute tour se dressait au centre du château médiéval.

construction

the process of building or creating something, such as structures, machines, or infrastructure

construction

construction

Ex: Noise from the construction site disturbed the neighborhood. 

Le bruit du chantier construction a dérangé le quartier.

landscaping

the process of modifying the visible features of an area of land, such as adding plants, changing the terrain, or constructing structures, to improve its aesthetic appeal or make it more functional

aménagement paysager, paysagisme

aménagement paysager, paysagisme

Ex: Landscaping the park included adding flower beds, benches, and a small pond. 

Aménagement paysager du parc comprenait l'ajout de parterres de fleurs, de bancs et d'un petit étang.

column
column
[nom]

a vertical structural element, often made of stone, that supports the weight of the building above it

colonne

colonne

Ex: The Roman architecture featured grand columns supporting large arches. 

L'architecture romaine comportait de grandes colonnes soutenant de grandes arches.

entrance

an opening like a door, gate, or passage that we can use to enter a building, room, etc.

entrée

entrée

Ex: The entrance to the house is decorated with flowers. 

L'entrée de la maison est décorée avec des fleurs.

perspective

the technique of representing a two-dimensional object in a way that gives the right impression of distance by drawing objects and people that are farther in a smaller size

perspective

perspective

Ex: Proper use of perspective makes flat images seem three-dimensional. 

L'utilisation correcte de la perspective rend les images plates en trois dimensions.

fence
fence
[nom]

a structure like a wall, made of wire, wood, etc. that is placed around an area or a piece of land

barrière

barrière

Ex: The dog jumped over the fence into the neighbor's yard. 

Le chien a sauté par-dessus la clôture dans la cour du voisin.

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