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IELTS学术词汇 (分数5) - 建筑

在这里,您将学习一些与建筑相关的英语单词,这些单词是基础学术雅思考试所必需的。

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Vocabulary for IELTS Academic (Band 5)
blueprint
blueprint
[名词]

a detailed technical or architectural plan showing dimensions, materials, and specifications for construction or production

详细计划, 技术计划

详细计划, 技术计划

Ex: The engineers reviewed the blueprint before starting the bridge construction. 

工程师们在开始桥梁施工前审查了蓝图。

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structure
structure
[名词]

anything that is built from several parts, such as a house, bridge, etc.

结构,  建筑物

结构, 建筑物

Ex: The ancient Roman aqueduct is an impressive structure that spans several kilometers. 
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plan
plan
[名词]

a drawing of a building, city, etc. that shows its position, size, or shape in details

平面图, 设计图

平面图, 设计图

Ex: The urban development team worked on a plan of the downtown area to improve traffic flow. 
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foundation
foundation
[名词]

a hard layer of cement, stone, etc. that serves as the underground support of a building

地基, 基础

地基, 基础

Ex: The architect designed the house with a raised foundation to mitigate the risk of flooding in the coastal area. 
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material
material
[名词]

a substance from which things can be made

材料, 物质

材料, 物质

Ex: Glass is a transparent material made from silica and other additives, used for making windows, containers, and decorative objects. 
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ceiling
ceiling
[名词]

the inside upper surface of a room or other enclosed space

天花板,  顶棚

天花板, 顶棚

Ex: A light hangs from the center of the ceiling. 
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roof
roof
[名词]

the structure that creates the outer top part of a vehicle, building, etc.

屋顶, 覆盖物

屋顶, 覆盖物

Ex: The snow on the roof started to melt in the warmth of the sun. 
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exit
exit
[名词]

a door, opening, or other way through which someone can leave a place

Ex: Emma walked toward the nearest exit after the concert. 
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staircase
staircase
[名词]

a set of stairs inside a building including its surrounding side parts that one can hold on to

楼梯, 楼梯间

楼梯, 楼梯间

Ex: She walked up the staircase slowly. 

她慢慢地走上了楼梯。

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hallway
hallway
[名词]

a space inside a building entrance, which connects to the other rooms

走廊, 门厅

走廊, 门厅

Ex: She hung family photos along the hallway leading to the bedrooms. 

她沿着通往卧室的走廊挂上了家庭照片。

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tower
tower
[名词]

a tall and often narrow building that stands alone or is part of a castle, church, or other larger buildings

塔, 钟楼

塔, 钟楼

Ex: The tower collapsed during the storm due to strong winds. 
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construction
construction
[名词]

the process of building or creating something, such as structures, machines, or infrastructure

建设

建设

Ex: Road construction caused delays in traffic. 
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landscaping
landscaping
[名词]

the process of modifying the visible features of an area of land, such as adding plants, changing the terrain, or constructing structures, to improve its aesthetic appeal or make it more functional

景观美化, 园林设计

景观美化, 园林设计

Ex: Landscaping the park included adding flower beds, benches, and a small pond. 

公园的景观美化包括添加花坛、长椅和一个小池塘。

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column
column
[名词]

a vertical structural element, often made of stone, that supports the weight of the building above it

柱子, 支柱

柱子, 支柱

Ex: The museum's entrance was framed by towering columns, adding to its grandeur. 
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entrance
entrance
[名词]

an opening like a door, gate, or passage that we can use to enter a building, room, etc.

入口, 进入

入口, 进入

Ex: Tickets can be purchased at the entrance. 
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perspective
perspective
[名词]

the technique of representing a two-dimensional object in a way that gives the right impression of distance by drawing objects and people that are farther in a smaller size

透视, 视角

透视, 视角

Ex: The instructor emphasized perspective to improve the students' spatial accuracy. 
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fence
fence
[名词]

a structure made of wood, wire, metal, or similar material that surrounds or separates an area of land

栅栏,  篱笆

栅栏, 篱笆

Ex: The dog jumped over the fence. 
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