pattern

Vocabulaire pour l'IELTS Academic (Score 8-9) - Geology

Ici, vous apprendrez quelques mots anglais liés à la géologie qui sont nécessaires à l'examen académique IELTS.

review-disable

Réviser

flashcard-disable

Flashcards

spelling-disable

Orthographe

quiz-disable

Quiz

Commencer à apprendre
Vocabulary for Academic IELTS (8)
plate
[nom]

a large, rigid section of the Earth's lithosphere that moves, leading to geological activity like earthquakes and volcanic eruptions

plaque tectonique, plaque géologique

plaque tectonique, plaque géologique

Ex: The movement of the Nazca Plate beneath the South American Plate leads to the formation of the Andes and volcanic activity.

the scientific study of the Earth's lithosphere and the processes that shape its structure, including the movement of tectonic plates, earthquakes, and volcanic activity

tectonique, tétralogie

tectonique, tétralogie

Ex: Tectonics is a multidisciplinary science that integrates geophysics , geology , and geochemistry to unravel the complexities of Earth 's lithospheric processes .
fissure
[nom]

(in geology) a narrow break or crack that partially divides a rock or surface without completely separating it

fissure, fente

fissure, fente

Ex: The tectonic plates pulled apart , causing a fissure to emerge in the earth 's surface .

a geological process where one tectonic plate moves under another and sinks into the Earth's mantle

subduction, subduction tectonique

subduction, subduction tectonique

Ex: The Ring of Fire is a prominent zone of subduction-related volcanic and seismic activity encircling the Pacific Ocean basin.

the gravitational balance between Earth's rigid lithosphere and the underlying, semi-fluid asthenosphere, influencing variations in surface elevation

isostasie, équilibre isostatique

isostasie, équilibre isostatique

Ex: Isostasy is a fundamental principle in geophysics, guiding our understanding of the dynamic balance between Earth's rigid and fluid layers.

the Earth's rigid outer layer, made up of the crust and upper mantle, and divided into tectonic plates

lithosphère, croûte terrestre

lithosphère, croûte terrestre

Ex: lithosphere is in constant motion , with plates drifting and interacting over geological time scales .

a layer of semi-fluid rock beneath the Earth's crust that allows tectonic plates to move

asthénosphère, asthénospheric layer

asthénosphère, asthénospheric layer

Ex: The movement of magma from the asthenosphere to the Earth's surface leads to volcanic activity in regions like the Pacific Ring of Fire.
karst
[nom]

a landscape formed from the dissolution of soluble rocks, characterized by sinkholes, caves, and underground drainage systems

karst, karste

karst, karste

Ex: Karst aquifers are important sources of groundwater for drinking water and irrigation in many regions around the world, but they are also susceptible to contamination and pollution.
orogeny
[nom]

the geological process of mountain building, usually occurring due to the collision or convergence of tectonic plates

orogénèse, formation montagneuse

orogénèse, formation montagneuse

Ex: The orogeny played a role in the formation of the supercontinent Laurasia during the Paleozoic era .
geode
[nom]

a hollow rock with a cavity inside, lined with crystals or mineral material, formed through natural processes and often valued for its aesthetic qualities

géode, geode

géode, geode

Ex: During a field trip , students unearthed geode in a riverbed , marveling at the hidden treasures inside .

a volcanic rock that often contains diamonds, formed during explosive eruptions from the Earth's mantle, and is of particular interest in diamond exploration and mining

kimberlite, roche kimberlitique

kimberlite, roche kimberlitique

Ex: Prospecting teams use geophysical methods to locate kimberlite pipes beneath the Earth 's surface .

the geological process involving the expansion and movement of glaciers, shaping landscapes through erosion, deposition, and the formation of distinctive glacial landforms

glaciation, glaciation géologique

glaciation, glaciation géologique

Ex: Glaciation played a role in shaping the iconic Yosemite Valley in California .
moraine
[nom]

a deposit of rocks, sediment, and glacial material left by a moving glacier, forming distinctive landforms along its edges or terminus

moraine, glacier terminal

moraine, glacier terminal

Ex: moraines, resulting from the merging of two glaciers , were observed in the high mountain ranges .
drumlin
[nom]

a streamlined, elongated hill formed by glacial action, with a teardrop shape and the steeper end facing the direction of ice movement

drumlin, morène allongée

drumlin, morène allongée

Ex: As the ice sheet advanced , it left behind a series drumlins, each bearing evidence of its journey .

the scientific study of earthquakes and seismic waves, providing insights into Earth's interior, tectonic plate movement, and earthquake hazards

sismologie, séismologie

sismologie, séismologie

Ex: The principles seismology are applied to investigate the effects of earthquakes on structures and infrastructure .
caldera
[nom]

a large, basin-shaped volcanic crater formed by the collapse of a volcano after a massive eruption

caldeira, caldeira volcanique

caldeira, caldeira volcanique

Ex: The Aira Caldera in Japan contains the active Sakurajima volcano and forms Kagoshima Bay.

the physical and chemical changes occurring in sediments between their deposition and their consolidation into sedimentary rock

diagenèse, diagenesis

diagenèse, diagenesis

Ex: The study of diagenesis provides insights into the history of sedimentary rocks and the environmental conditions present during their formation, as well as their potential as hydrocarbon reservoirs.
LanGeek
Télécharger l'application LanGeek