Sciences Naturelles SAT - Electromagnétisme et mécanique

the measure of electric potential difference between two points in a circuit, expressed in volts

tension, voltage

an electrical component designed to limit or control the flow of electric current in a circuit, typically by providing resistance

résistance, résistor

the complete circle through which an electric current flows, typically consists of the source of electric energy

circuit

a solid substance that conducts electricity or heat better than insulators, but not as well as most metals

semi-conducteur

a phenomenon where certain materials conduct electricity without resistance when cooled to extremely low temperatures

supraconductivité

to apply an electric charge to a conductor

électrifier, charger électriquement

a conductor through which electricity travels to or from an object, such as batteries

électrode

a form of electricity generated by friction between two materials, resulting in an imbalance of electric charges on their surfaces

électricité statique

(of a battery or device) capable of being supplied with electrical power again

rechargeable

a machine that produces electricity by converting mechanical energy into electrical energy

générateur

a positively charged electrode in an electrical device where oxidation occurs, resulting in the release of electrons

anode

a negatively charged electrode within an electrical device, from which electrons flow out into the external circuit

cathode

a device that converts the energy of the sun into electricity

panneau solaire

the amount of solar energy received per unit area on Earth's surface

irradiance solaire, flux solaire

the energy transmitted in the form of particles or waves through the space or a matter

radiation

related to the technology that turns sunlight directly into electricity

photovoltaïque

referring to the combined interaction of electric and magnetic fields, often associated with waves or radiation

électromagnétique

an invisible area around a magnetic object where magnetic forces can attract or repel other objects

champ magnétique, zone magnétique

a long rigid bar that is put under a heavy object in order to move it

levier

a point or support on which a lever pivots or rotates in order to lift or move objects

pivot, point d'appui

the rapid back-and-forth movement of an object

vibration, oscillation

a rotational force measured in newton-meters or foot-pounds

couple, moment de force

a measure of a spring's stiffness, indicating how much force is needed to stretch or compress it

constante de ressort, coefficient de raideur

a mass used to provide balance to another mass

contrepoids, poids d'équilibre

having a speed greater than that of sound

supersonique, ultrasonique

(physics) the increase in velocity over time

accélération

the constant speed reached by a falling object when the drag force equals the gravitational force pulling it downward, resulting in no further acceleration

vitesse terminale, vitesse d'équilibre

the study of the design, development, and operation of aircrafts, focusing on principles of aerodynamics, propulsion, and material science

aéronautique, aviation

a branch of science and engineering that deals with the mechanical properties of liquids, particularly their behavior in confined spaces and under pressure

hydraulique

an area of technology that is concerned with the study or use of robots

robotique

(physics) the universal force of attraction between any pair of objects with mass

gravité