自然科学SAT - 电磁学与力学

the measure of electric potential difference between two points in a circuit, expressed in volts

电压, 伏特位差

an electrical component designed to limit or control the flow of electric current in a circuit, typically by providing resistance

电阻器, 电阻

the complete circle through which an electric current flows, typically consists of the source of electric energy

电路, 回路

a solid substance that conducts electricity or heat better than insulators, but not as well as most metals

半导体

a phenomenon where certain materials conduct electricity without resistance when cooled to extremely low temperatures

超导性

to apply an electric charge to a conductor

电气化, 施加电荷

a conductor through which electricity travels to or from an object, such as batteries

电极

a form of electricity generated by friction between two materials, resulting in an imbalance of electric charges on their surfaces

静电

(of a battery or device) capable of being supplied with electrical power again

可充电的

a machine that produces electricity by converting mechanical energy into electrical energy

发电机, 电力发电机

a positively charged electrode in an electrical device where oxidation occurs, resulting in the release of electrons

阳极

a negatively charged electrode within an electrical device, from which electrons flow out into the external circuit

阴极

a device that converts the energy of the sun into electricity

太阳能电池, 光伏电池

the amount of solar energy received per unit area on Earth's surface

太阳辐射强度, 太阳辐射

the energy transmitted in the form of particles or waves through the space or a matter

辐射

related to the technology that turns sunlight directly into electricity

光伏的

referring to the combined interaction of electric and magnetic fields, often associated with waves or radiation

电磁的

an invisible area around a magnetic object where magnetic forces can attract or repel other objects

磁场, 磁性区域

a long rigid bar that is put under a heavy object in order to move it

杠杆

a point or support on which a lever pivots or rotates in order to lift or move objects

支点, 杠杆的支点

the rapid back-and-forth movement of an object

振动, 摆动

a rotational force measured in newton-meters or foot-pounds

扭矩, 转矩

a measure of a spring's stiffness, indicating how much force is needed to stretch or compress it

弹簧常数, 弹簧刚度系数

a mass used to provide balance to another mass

平衡重, 对重

having a speed greater than that of sound

超音速的, 超声波的

(physics) the increase in velocity over time

加速度

the constant speed reached by a falling object when the drag force equals the gravitational force pulling it downward, resulting in no further acceleration

终端速度, 稳定速度

the study of the design, development, and operation of aircrafts, focusing on principles of aerodynamics, propulsion, and material science

航空, 航空学

a branch of science and engineering that deals with the mechanical properties of liquids, particularly their behavior in confined spaces and under pressure

液压

an area of technology that is concerned with the study or use of robots

机器人技术

(physics) the universal force of attraction between any pair of objects with mass

重力, 引力