Scienze Naturali SAT - Elettromagnetismo e Meccanica

the measure of electric potential difference between two points in a circuit, expressed in volts

tensione

an electrical component designed to limit or control the flow of electric current in a circuit, typically by providing resistance

resistore

the complete circle through which an electric current flows, typically consists of the source of electric energy

circuito

a solid substance that conducts electricity or heat better than insulators, but not as well as most metals

semiconduttore

a phenomenon where certain materials conduct electricity without resistance when cooled to extremely low temperatures

superconduttività

to apply an electric charge to a conductor

elettrificare

a conductor through which electricity travels to or from an object, such as batteries

elettrodo

a form of electricity generated by friction between two materials, resulting in an imbalance of electric charges on their surfaces

elettricità statica

(of a battery or device) capable of being supplied with electrical power again

ricaricabile

a machine that produces electricity by converting mechanical energy into electrical energy

generatore

a positively charged electrode in an electrical device where oxidation occurs, resulting in the release of electrons

anodo

a negatively charged electrode within an electrical device, from which electrons flow out into the external circuit

catodo

a device that converts the energy of the sun into electricity

cella solare

the amount of solar energy received per unit area on Earth's surface

irradianza solare

the energy transmitted in the form of particles or waves through the space or a matter

radiazione

related to the technology that turns sunlight directly into electricity

fotovoltaico

referring to the combined interaction of electric and magnetic fields, often associated with waves or radiation

onde elettromagnetiche

an invisible area around a magnetic object where magnetic forces can attract or repel other objects

campo magnetico

a long rigid bar that is put under a heavy object in order to move it

leva

a point or support on which a lever pivots or rotates in order to lift or move objects

punto d'appoggio

the rapid back-and-forth movement of an object

vibrazione

a rotational force measured in newton-meters or foot-pounds

torque

a measure of a spring's stiffness, indicating how much force is needed to stretch or compress it

costante di molla

a mass used to provide balance to another mass

controbilanciamento

having a speed greater than that of sound

supersonico

(physics) the increase in velocity over time

accelerazione

the constant speed reached by a falling object when the drag force equals the gravitational force pulling it downward, resulting in no further acceleration

velocità terminale

the study of the design, development, and operation of aircrafts, focusing on principles of aerodynamics, propulsion, and material science

avazione

a branch of science and engineering that deals with the mechanical properties of liquids, particularly their behavior in confined spaces and under pressure

idraulica

an area of technology that is concerned with the study or use of robots

robotica

(physics) the universal force of attraction between any pair of objects with mass

forza di gravità